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Setting Priorities for Science

Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology. Subcommittee on Science, Research, and Technology
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Government publications
Languages : en
Pages : 244

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Setting Priorities for Science

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Setting Priorities for Large Research Facility Projects Supported by the National Science Foundation

Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309090849
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 236

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Book Description
In 1995, the National Science Foundation (NSF) created a special account to fund large (several tens of millions of dollars) research facilities. Over the years, these facilities have come to represent an increasingly prominent part of the nation's R&D portfolio. Recently concern has intensified about the way NSF is selecting projects for this account. In 2003, six U.S. Senators including the chair and ranking member of the Senate Subcommittee on VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies Appropriations expressed these concerns in a letter to the NRC asking it to "review the current prioritization process and report to us on how it can be improved." This report presents a series of recommendations on how NSF can improve its priority setting process for large research facilities. While noting that NSF has improved this process, the report states that further strengthening is needed if NSF is to meet future demands for such projects.

Setting Priorities for the Science Base

Author: Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology (Great Britain)
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781897941157
Category : Great Britain
Languages : en
Pages : 87

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Setting Priorities in Science

Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Subcommittee on Science
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 284

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Setting Priorities for Space Research

Author: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Publisher: CreateSpace
ISBN: 9781502845955
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 92

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Finding an effective and reasonably objective method for setting priorities across scientific disciplines is something of a holy grail of science policy, and one whose urgency continues to grow. The Space Studies Board Task Group on Priorities in Space Research presented a thorough analysis of the pros and cons of priority setting and recommended that an effort to develop such a method proceed. The next phase involved this task group, and eventually the full Board, in an ambitious attempt to construct a formal, semiquantitative methodology to set priorities among major space science projects using both scientific and societal criteria. They also conducted a trial application of the methodology to a set of hypothetical space science initiatives. This is a report on the methodology and this exercise. Like a great many worthy scientific experiments, this exercise did not yield exactly what the framers had anticipated. In particular, the Board was not able to reach a consensus on the task group's methodology for setting priorities. This report contains an analysis of general issues in priority setting and presents a valuable record of the strengths and weaknesses of the task group's proposed methodology, one among many possible approaches. This report will inform continuing efforts in this area, including a recently undertaken, congressionally mandated Board study. The latter study is following a different approach toward different, but related, goals—agency organization and technology utilization are being analyzed together with the research priority-setting problem.

A Strategy for Assessing Science

Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309180449
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 176

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Book Description
A Strategy for Assessing Science offers strategic advice on the perennial issue of assessing rates of progress in different scientific fields. It considers available knowledge about how science makes progress and examines a range of decision-making strategies for addressing key science policy concerns. These include avoiding undue conservatism that may arise from the influence of established disciplines; achieving rational, high-quality, accountable, and transparent decision processes; and establishing an appropriate balance of influence between scientific communities and agency science managers. A Strategy for Assessing Science identifies principles for setting priorities and specific recommendations for the context of behavioral and social research on aging.

Environmentally Significant Consumption

Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309055989
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 152

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Book Description
There has been much polemic about affluence, consumption, and the global environment. For some observers, "consumption" is at the root of global environmental threats: wealthy individuals and societies use far too much of the earth's resource base and should scale back their appetites to preserve the environment for future generations and allow a decent life for the rest of the world. Other observers see affluence as the way to escape environmental threats: economic development increases public pressure for environmental protection and makes capital available for environmentally benign technologies. The arguments are fed by conflicting beliefs, values, hopes, and fearsâ€"but surprisingly little scientific analysis. This book demonstrates that the relationship of consumption to the environment needs careful analysis by environmental and social scientists and conveys some of the excitement of treating the issue scientifically. It poses the key empirical questions: Which kinds of consumption are environmentally significant? Which actors are responsible for that consumption? What forces cause or explain environmentally significant consumption? How can it be changed? The book presents studies that open up important issues for empirical study: Are there any signs of saturation in the demand for travel in wealthy countries? What is the relationship between environmental consumption and human well-being? To what extent do people in developing countries emulate American consumption styles? The book also suggests broad strategies that scientists and research sponsors can use to better inform future debates about the environment, development, and consumption.

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