Sequence Stratigraphy and Depositional Systems of the Paleocene Andrew Formation in the Central North Sea PDF Download
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Author: Brian C. Reinsborough
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Geology
Languages : en
Pages : 266
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Book Description
This study focuses on the main depocenter of the Andrew Formation in the Moray Firth Basin, located at the junction of the Central and Viking Grabens, in the central North Sea. The objectives of this report are to (1) define the sequence stratigraphic framework of the Andrew Formation, (2) describe and characterize the depositional systems associated to the Andrew slope to basin system, and (3) interpret the depositional processes that have dominated sediment emplacement. Specific facies association of the Andrew Formation are determined by the nature (point source or linear source) and caliber (volume, grain size, sand:mud) of sediment supply to the slope environment. Genetic interpretation of the Andrew Formation focuses on understanding depositional processes which dominated sediment emplacement. Seven depositional facies have been identified for the Andrew slope and basinal system; turbidite channel-fills, turbidite lobes, mounded turbidite lobes, sheet turbidites, debris flows and slumps, low density turbidites and hemipelagic drapes. Seven depositional processes collectively create the above mentioned Andrew depositional facies; turbidity currents, cohesive mud flows, sandy debris flows, muddy debris flows, slumping, low density turbidity currents and suspension settling. The Andrew Formation consists of upper and lower depositional units identified on seismic by bounding downlap terminations and on well logs by high-gamma marker beds. The lower Andrew displays three distinct sand-rich lobes, delineated by isopach and sand percent maps and log motif characteristics. Proximal, mounded, sand-rich units disperse into unchannelized sheet turbidites in the basin plain areas. The upper Andrew downlaps the lower unit, and a single, linear sediment source was centered in the Witch Ground Graben. The sediment dispersal pattern and internal facies character suggest the upper unit is a proximal slope-apron downlapping and filling inter-lobe bathymetric lows of the underlying unit. The lower Andrew is interpreted to be a structurally focused, sand-rich lobe complex, without associated incised canyons. The Andrew system evolved as the delta platform expanded onto the proximal fan, resulting in a linear sediment source spilling over the slope as a fringing slope-apron. The Andrew depositional system in the slope and basin environment is characterized by a high degree of facies disorganization composed of a wide array of gravity-flow deposits.
Author: Brian C. Reinsborough
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Geology
Languages : en
Pages : 266
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Book Description
This study focuses on the main depocenter of the Andrew Formation in the Moray Firth Basin, located at the junction of the Central and Viking Grabens, in the central North Sea. The objectives of this report are to (1) define the sequence stratigraphic framework of the Andrew Formation, (2) describe and characterize the depositional systems associated to the Andrew slope to basin system, and (3) interpret the depositional processes that have dominated sediment emplacement. Specific facies association of the Andrew Formation are determined by the nature (point source or linear source) and caliber (volume, grain size, sand:mud) of sediment supply to the slope environment. Genetic interpretation of the Andrew Formation focuses on understanding depositional processes which dominated sediment emplacement. Seven depositional facies have been identified for the Andrew slope and basinal system; turbidite channel-fills, turbidite lobes, mounded turbidite lobes, sheet turbidites, debris flows and slumps, low density turbidites and hemipelagic drapes. Seven depositional processes collectively create the above mentioned Andrew depositional facies; turbidity currents, cohesive mud flows, sandy debris flows, muddy debris flows, slumping, low density turbidity currents and suspension settling. The Andrew Formation consists of upper and lower depositional units identified on seismic by bounding downlap terminations and on well logs by high-gamma marker beds. The lower Andrew displays three distinct sand-rich lobes, delineated by isopach and sand percent maps and log motif characteristics. Proximal, mounded, sand-rich units disperse into unchannelized sheet turbidites in the basin plain areas. The upper Andrew downlaps the lower unit, and a single, linear sediment source was centered in the Witch Ground Graben. The sediment dispersal pattern and internal facies character suggest the upper unit is a proximal slope-apron downlapping and filling inter-lobe bathymetric lows of the underlying unit. The lower Andrew is interpreted to be a structurally focused, sand-rich lobe complex, without associated incised canyons. The Andrew system evolved as the delta platform expanded onto the proximal fan, resulting in a linear sediment source spilling over the slope as a fringing slope-apron. The Andrew depositional system in the slope and basin environment is characterized by a high degree of facies disorganization composed of a wide array of gravity-flow deposits.
Author: Andrew D. Miall
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3662033801
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 436
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Book Description
Sequence stratigraphy represents a new paradigm in geology. The principal hypothesis is that stratigraphie successions may be subdivided into discrete sequences bounded by widespread unconformities. There are two parts to this hypothesis. First, it suggests that the driving forces which generate sequences and their bounding unconformities also generate predietable three-dimensional stratigraphies. In re cent years stratigraphie research guided by sequence models has brought about fundamental im provements in our understanding of stratigraphie processes and the controls of basin architecture. Sequence models have provided a powerful framework for mapping and numerieal modeling, enabling the science of stratigraphy to advance with rapid strides. This research has demonstrated the importance of a wide range of processes for the generation of cyclie sequences, including eustasy, tectonics, and orbital forcing of climate change. The main objective of this book is to document the sequence record and to discuss our current state of knowledge about sequence-generating processes.
Author: Wade H. Shafer
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461519691
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 426
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Book Description
Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences was first conceived, published, and disseminated by the Center for Information and Numerical Data Analysis and Synthesis (CINDAS)* at Purdue University in 1957, starting its coverage of theses with the academic year 1955. Beginning with Volume 13, the printing and dis semination phases of the activity were transferred to University Microfilms/Xerox of Ann Arbor, Michigan, with the thought that such an arrangement would be more beneficial to the academic and general scientific and technical community. After five years of this joint undertaking we had concluded that it was in the interest of all concerned if the printing and distribution of the volumes were handled by an international publishing house to assure improved service and broader dissemination. Hence, starting with Volume 18, Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences has been disseminated on a worldwide basis by Plenum Publishing Corporation of New York, and in the same year the coverage was broadened to include Canadian universities. All back issues can also be ordered from Plenum. We have reported in Volume 38 (thesis year 1993) a total of 13,787 thesis titles from 22 Canadian and 164 United States universities. We are sure that this broader base for these titles reported will greatly enhance the value of this impor tant annual reference work. While Volume 38 reports theses submitted in 1993, on occasion, certain uni versities do report theses submitted in previous years but not reported at the time.
Author: Benjamin John Sloan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Geology
Languages : en
Pages : 454
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Book Description
Eocene elastic sediments of the central and northern North Sea comprise five stratigraphic sequences. Oldest is the sand-dominated, basin-centered Frigg sequence, which includes submarine fan and apron deposits on the Beryl Terrace and in the Central and Viking Grabens. Middle Eocene Lower and Upper Hordaland sequences are mixed mud and sand units which prograded from the East Shetland Platform and Moray Firth and include discrete slope aprons and basin-center fans. The thin, regressive sand-prone Belton sequence marks the top of the Eocene in most of the basin, except on the eastern margin of the Shetland Platform, where the foreshelf pro grading prism of Thet sequence sandstones and siltstones was deposited. Foraminiferal biofacies analysis of a well on the Beryl Terrace indicates that four or the five sequence boundaries coincide with significant changes in the benthic and planktic foraminiferal assemblages. Cluster analysis confirms the distinct biofacies characterizing each sequence, an impoverished coarsely agglutinated fauna with radiolaria in the Frigg sequence, normal abundances or coarsely agglutinated forms in the Hordaland units, and "Velasco"-type deep-water calcareous benthics in the Upper Eocene, including planktic foraminifera in the Belton. Paleoenvironmental analysis or these biofacies shows an overall Eocene shallowing from lower slope to outer shelf. Subsidence analysis using the derived water depths indicates that the Eocene was part or a major phase of subsidence which began in the Late Paleocene and abated by Oligocene time. Overall, the Eocene constitutes a tectonosequence, or stratigraphic sequence attributable to tectonic influences. Eocene circum-North Sea tectonics include Atlantic domain seafloor-spreading to the north and west and the encroaching Alpine compression from the south. The base Eocene, top Frigg, and top Eocene all correlate with changes in seafloor spreading thought to have contributed, through intraplate stresses, to the stress regime and differential topography of the source area and basin. Latest Eocene eustatic lowering, climatic cooling, and Arctic water circulation are thought to have influenced the Thet sequence.
Author: William E. Galloway
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642610188
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 505
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Book Description
Nonrenewable energy resources, comprising fossil fuels and uranium, are not ran domly distributed within the Earth's crust. They formed in response to a complex array of geologic controls, notably the genesis of the sedimentary rocks that host most commercial energy resources. It is this genetic relationship between economic re sources and environment that forms the basis for this book. Our grouping of petro leum, coal, uranium, and ground water may appear to be incongruous or artificial. But our basic premise is that these ostensibly disparate resources share common genetic attributes and that the sedimentological principles governing their natural distributions and influencing their recovery are fundamentally similar. Our combined careers have focused on these four resources, and our experiences in projects worldwide reveal that certain recurring geologic factors are important in controlling the distribution of com mercial accumulations and subsurface fluid flow. These critical factors include the shape and stability of the receiving basin, the major depositional elements and their internal detail, and the modifications during burial that are brought about in these sediments by pressure, circulating fluids, heating, and chemical reaction. Since the first edition of this book in 1983, there has been a quantum leap in the volume of literature devoted to genetic stratigraphy and refinement of sedimentologi cal principles and a commensurate increase in the application of these concepts to resource exploration and development.
Author: M. S. Stoker
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Book Description
Author: Andrew Miall
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1475742320
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 494
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Book Description
This book is intended as a practical handbook for those engaged in the task of analyzing the paleogeographic evolution of ancient sedimentary basins. The science of stratigraphy and sedimentology is central to such endeavors, but although several excellent textbooks on sedimentology have appeared in recent years little has been written about modern stratigraphic methods. Sedimentology textbooks tend to take a theoretical approach, building from physical and chemical theory and studies of mod ern environments. It is commonly difficult to apply this information to practical problems in ancient rocks, and very little guidance is given on methods of observation, mapping and interpretation. In this book theory is downplayed and the emphasis is on what a geologist can actually see in outcrops, well records, and cores, and what can be ob tained using geophysical techniques. A new approach is taken to stratigraphy, which attempts to explain the genesis of lithostratigraphic units and to de-emphasize the importance of formal description and nam ing. There are also sections explaining principles of facies analysis, basin mapping methods, depositional systems, and the study of basin thermal history, so important to the genesis of fuels and minerals. Lastly, an at tempt is made to tie everything together by considering basins in the con text of plate tectonics and eustatic sea level changes.
Author: D. C. Mudge
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: T. McKie
Publisher: Geological Society of London
ISBN: 1862396566
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 412
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Book Description
Discovery of the Arbroath, Montrose and Forties fields initiated intensive exploration of the Tertiary deep-marine play in the North Sea region. Subsequent discoveries demonstrated the success of this play and the geological diversity of the depositional systems. The play is now mature and in many areas the remaining exploration potential is likely to be dominated by small, subtle traps with a major component of stratigraphic trapping. Economically marginal discoveries need an in-depth understanding of subsurface uncertainty to mitigate risk with limited appraisal wells. Mature fields require detailed geological understanding in the search for the remaining oil. This volume focuses on the regional depositional setting of these deep-marine systems, providing a stratigraphic and palaeogeographical context for exploration, and development case histories that outline the challenges of producing from these reservoirs. The fields are arranged around the production life cycle, describing the changing needs of geological models as the flow of static and dynamic data refines geological understanding and defines the nature of new opportunities as fields mature.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Geology, Stratigraphic
Languages : en
Pages : 322
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Book Description
Issue for 2000 includes also the abstracts of papers presented, in a separately-paged section.
