Sentence Comprehension

Sentence Comprehension PDF Author: David J. Townsend
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262700801
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 520

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Book Description
Using sentence comprehension as a case study for all of cognitive science, David Townsend and Thomas Bever offer an integration of two major approaches, the symbolic-computational and the associative-connectionist. The symbolic-computational approach emphasizes the formal manipulation of symbols that underlies creative aspects of language behavior. The associative-connectionist approach captures the intuition that most behaviors consist of accumulated habits. The authors argue that the sentence is the natural level at which associative and symbolic information merge during comprehension. The authors develop and support an analysis-by-synthesis model that integrates associative and symbolic information in sentence comprehension. This integration resolves problems each approach faces when considered independently. The authors review classic and contemporary symbolic and associative theories of sentence comprehension, and show how recent developments in syntactic theory fit well with the integrated analysis-by-synthesis model. They offer analytic, experimental, and neurological evidence for their model and discuss its implications for broader issues in cognitive science, including the logical necessity of an integration of symbolic and connectionist approaches in the field.

Sentence Comprehension

Sentence Comprehension PDF Author: David J. Townsend
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262700801
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 520

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Book Description
Using sentence comprehension as a case study for all of cognitive science, David Townsend and Thomas Bever offer an integration of two major approaches, the symbolic-computational and the associative-connectionist. The symbolic-computational approach emphasizes the formal manipulation of symbols that underlies creative aspects of language behavior. The associative-connectionist approach captures the intuition that most behaviors consist of accumulated habits. The authors argue that the sentence is the natural level at which associative and symbolic information merge during comprehension. The authors develop and support an analysis-by-synthesis model that integrates associative and symbolic information in sentence comprehension. This integration resolves problems each approach faces when considered independently. The authors review classic and contemporary symbolic and associative theories of sentence comprehension, and show how recent developments in syntactic theory fit well with the integrated analysis-by-synthesis model. They offer analytic, experimental, and neurological evidence for their model and discuss its implications for broader issues in cognitive science, including the logical necessity of an integration of symbolic and connectionist approaches in the field.

Speaking

Speaking PDF Author: Willem J. M. Levelt
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262620895
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 588

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Book Description
In Speaking, Willem "Pim" Levelt, Director of the Max-Planck-Institut für Psycholinguistik, accomplishes the formidable task of covering the entire process of speech production, from constraints on conversational appropriateness to articulation and self-monitoring of speech. Speaking is unique in its balanced coverage of all major aspects of the production of speech, in the completeness of its treatment of the entire speech process, and in its strategy of exemplifying rather than formalizing theoretical issues.

Who to Release?

Who to Release? PDF Author: Nicola Padfield
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134024711
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 285

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Book Description
This book explores the changing role of the Parole Board. It pays particular attention to the effects of the early release scheme of the Criminal Justice Act 2005, which resulted in the Parole Board deciding in Panels to deteminate sentence prisoners, lifers, and recalled prisoners. A wide range of significant issues, and case law, has arisen as a result of these changes, which the contributors to this book, leading authorities in the field, aim to explore.

The Representation of Meaning in Memory (PLE: Memory)

The Representation of Meaning in Memory (PLE: Memory) PDF Author: Walter Kintsch
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1317744888
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 285

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Book Description
Originally published in 1974, this volume presents empirical and theoretical investigations of the role of meaning in psychological processes. A theory is proposed for the representation of the meaning of texts, employing ordered lists of propositions. The author explores the adequacy of this representation, with respect to the demands made upon such formulations by logicians and linguists. A sufficiently large number of problems are encompassed by the propositional theory to justify its use in psychological research into memory and language comprehension. A number of different experiments are reported on a wide variety of topics, and these test central portions of this theory, and any that purports to deal with how humans represent meaning. Among the topics discussed are the role of lexical decomposition in comprehension and memory, propositions as the units of recall, and the effects of the number of propositions in a text base upon reading rate and recall. New problems are explored, such as inferential processes during reading, differences in levels of memory for text, and retrieval speed for textual information. On the other hand, a study of retrieval from semantic memory focusses on a problem of much current research. The final review chapter relates the present work to other current research in the area at the time.

Handbook of Neurolinguistics

Handbook of Neurolinguistics PDF Author: Harry A. Whitaker
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080533132
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 815

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Book Description
The Handbook of Neurolinguistics is a state-of-the-art reference and resource book; it describes current research and theory in the many subfields of neurolinguistics and its clinical application. Thorough and clearly written, the handbook provides an excellent overview of the field of neurolinguistics and its development. The book is organized into five parts covering the history of neurolinguistics, methods in clinical and experimental neurolinguistics, experimental neurolinguistics, clinical neurolinguistics, and resources in neurolinguistics. The first four parts contain a wide range of topics which discuss all important aspects of the many subfields of neurolinguistics. Also included are the relatively new and fast developing areas of research in discourse, pragmatics, and recent neuroimaging techniques. The resources section provides currently available resources, both traditional and modern. The handbook is useful to the newcomer to the field, as well as the expert searching for the latest developments in neurolinguistics. - Clearly written and well organized - Provides extensive resources - Discusses both history and current research - Covers the many subfields of neurolinguistics as well the developing areas of research

Research in Education

Research in Education PDF Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 792

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Book Description


Otto E. Miller, Plaintiff-Respondent, Against Fred W. Smythe, Defendant-Appellant

Otto E. Miller, Plaintiff-Respondent, Against Fred W. Smythe, Defendant-Appellant PDF Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 2124

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Book Description


Resources in Education

Resources in Education PDF Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 1800

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Book Description


The Routledge Handbook of Instructed Second Language Acquisition

The Routledge Handbook of Instructed Second Language Acquisition PDF Author: Shawn Loewen
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1317386752
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 619

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Book Description
The Routledge Handbook of Instructed Second Language Acquisition is the first collection of state-of-the-art papers pertaining to Instructed Second Language Acquisition (ISLA). Written by 45 world-renowned experts, the entries are full-length articles detailing pertinent issues with up-to-date references. Each chapter serves three purposes: (1) provide a review of current literature and discussions of cutting edge issues; (2) share the authors’ understanding of, and approaches to, the issues; and (3) provide direct links between research and practice. In short, based on the chapters in this handbook, ISLA has attained a level of theoretical and methodological maturity that provides a solid foundation for future empirical and pedagogical discovery. This handbook is the ideal resource for researchers, graduate students, upper-level undergraduate students, teachers, and teacher-educators who are interested in second language learning and teaching. .

Issues in the Assessment of Bilinguals

Issues in the Assessment of Bilinguals PDF Author: Virginia C. Mueller Gathercole
Publisher: Multilingual Matters
ISBN: 1783090111
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 374

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Book Description
With growing mass migration across the globe, researchers, practitioners, educators and policy makers are increasingly faced with rising numbers of multilingual children and adults. This volume raises key issues surrounding the evaluation of language abilities and proficiency in multilingual speakers, taking into account the facts concerning the processes of learning, speaking and understanding two languages. Issues in the Assessment of Bilinguals brings together researchers working on bilingual and multilingual children and adults in a variety of multilingual settings: typically developing bilingual children, bilingual and multilingual children and adults found in classrooms, and bilingual children growing up in sociolinguistically fluid bilingual communities – making this an essential volume which raises key issues for anyone assessing performance.