Sensory Mechanisms Controlling Bacterial Bioluminescence PDF Download
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Author: Michael Silverman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 3
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Book Description
The goal of this project was to explore the sensory mechanisms which control the expression of bioluminescence in the marine bacterium Vibrio harveyi. Genetic methods were used to discover the genes which encode functions for the production of extracellular, chemical signals (autoinducers) and for the synthesis of proteins which mediate the response to such signals. A mutant defective in the production of one class of autoinducers was isolated. The gene or genes defective in this mutant were not isolated, but this mutant should be useful for future work to identify specific signaling functions. Another gene, luxT, which is important for transcription of the luxT genes encoding the luminescence enzymes, was cloned and sequenced. Further work to understand its precise role must still be done.
Author: Michael Silverman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 3
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Book Description
The goal of this project was to explore the sensory mechanisms which control the expression of bioluminescence in the marine bacterium Vibrio harveyi. Genetic methods were used to discover the genes which encode functions for the production of extracellular, chemical signals (autoinducers) and for the synthesis of proteins which mediate the response to such signals. A mutant defective in the production of one class of autoinducers was isolated. The gene or genes defective in this mutant were not isolated, but this mutant should be useful for future work to identify specific signaling functions. Another gene, luxT, which is important for transcription of the luxT genes encoding the luminescence enzymes, was cloned and sequenced. Further work to understand its precise role must still be done.
Author: Michael Silverman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 3
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Book Description
The goal of this project was to explore the sensory mechanisms which control expression of bioluminescence in the marine bacterium Vibrio harveyi. Genetic methods were used to discover a complex network of genes which encode functions for the production of extracellular, chemical signals (autoinducers) and for the synthesis of signal receptors (sensor kinases and response regulators). The genes and proteins defined by this study resemble elements of the phosphorelay paradigm known as two-component signal transduction. Therefore, the Vibrio harveyi system is considerably different from the quorum sensing mechanism used by other luminous bacteria.
Author: Sylvester Holt
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832546048
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 124
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Book Description
Traditional foods such as red meat and beer have unique, recognizable and desirable sensory traits. However, public awareness about health and the climate crisis is now driving consumers and governmental organizations to consume less meat and alcohol. These recognizable flavors are either missing in novel foods because the material is different (plant-based) or removed after the fermentation process. Therefore, there is a need for innovation of the flavor, texture and trigeminal sensations to meet the expectations for the expanding consumer groups. Improvements with proteins and microbial fermentation processes are currently in the process of making novel foods a global commercial success. For example, recent progress in plant-based foods has focused on the production of proteins that may lead to umami flavors and precursors that are transformed into savory flavor compounds in the cooking process. New non-conventional yeast species provide a very promising route to bioflavoring of foods and beverages. In addition, the nutritious value of foods can be dramatically improved by introducing new pathways that produce vitamins and micronutrients, for example for vulnerable groups, such as elderly people with a limited diversity of food choice. The functionality of the food may also be increased by the release/synthesis of bioactive compounds with functional potential (antimicrobial, antioxidant, immunomodulatory activities etc.).
Author: Frans J. de Bruijn
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119004896
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1472
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Book Description
Bacteria in various habitats are subject to continuously changing environmental conditions, such as nutrient deprivation, heat and cold stress, UV radiation, oxidative stress, dessication, acid stress, nitrosative stress, cell envelope stress, heavy metal exposure, osmotic stress, and others. In order to survive, they have to respond to these conditions by adapting their physiology through sometimes drastic changes in gene expression. In addition they may adapt by changing their morphology, forming biofilms, fruiting bodies or spores, filaments, Viable But Not Culturable (VBNC) cells or moving away from stress compounds via chemotaxis. Changes in gene expression constitute the main component of the bacterial response to stress and environmental changes, and involve a myriad of different mechanisms, including (alternative) sigma factors, bi- or tri-component regulatory systems, small non-coding RNA’s, chaperones, CHRIS-Cas systems, DNA repair, toxin-antitoxin systems, the stringent response, efflux pumps, alarmones, and modulation of the cell envelope or membranes, to name a few. Many regulatory elements are conserved in different bacteria; however there are endless variations on the theme and novel elements of gene regulation in bacteria inhabiting particular environments are constantly being discovered. Especially in (pathogenic) bacteria colonizing the human body a plethora of bacterial responses to innate stresses such as pH, reactive nitrogen and oxygen species and antibiotic stress are being described. An attempt is made to not only cover model systems but give a broad overview of the stress-responsive regulatory systems in a variety of bacteria, including medically important bacteria, where elucidation of certain aspects of these systems could lead to treatment strategies of the pathogens. Many of the regulatory systems being uncovered are specific, but there is also considerable “cross-talk” between different circuits. Stress and Environmental Regulation of Gene Expression and Adaptation in Bacteria is a comprehensive two-volume work bringing together both review and original research articles on key topics in stress and environmental control of gene expression in bacteria. Volume One contains key overview chapters, as well as content on one/two/three component regulatory systems and stress responses, sigma factors and stress responses, small non-coding RNAs and stress responses, toxin-antitoxin systems and stress responses, stringent response to stress, responses to UV irradiation, SOS and double stranded systems repair systems and stress, adaptation to both oxidative and osmotic stress, and desiccation tolerance and drought stress. Volume Two covers heat shock responses, chaperonins and stress, cold shock responses, adaptation to acid stress, nitrosative stress, and envelope stress, as well as iron homeostasis, metal resistance, quorum sensing, chemotaxis and biofilm formation, and viable but not culturable (VBNC) cells. Covering the full breadth of current stress and environmental control of gene expression studies and expanding it towards future advances in the field, these two volumes are a one-stop reference for (non) medical molecular geneticists interested in gene regulation under stress.
Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128054093
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 5215
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Book Description
The Senses: A Comprehensive Reference, Second Edition, Seven Volume Set is a comprehensive reference work covering the range of topics that constitute current knowledge of the neural mechanisms underlying the different senses. This important work provides the most up-to-date, cutting-edge, comprehensive reference combining volumes on all major sensory modalities in one set. Offering 264 chapters from a distinguished team of international experts, The Senses lays out current knowledge on the anatomy, physiology, and molecular biology of sensory organs, in a collection of comprehensive chapters spanning 4 volumes. Topics covered include the perception, psychophysics, and higher order processing of sensory information, as well as disorders and new diagnostic and treatment methods. Written for a wide audience, this reference work provides students, scholars, medical doctors, as well as anyone interested in neuroscience, a comprehensive overview of the knowledge accumulated on the function of sense organs, sensory systems, and how the brain processes sensory input. As with the first edition, contributions from leading scholars from around the world will ensure The Senses offers a truly international portrait of sensory physiology. The set is the definitive reference on sensory neuroscience and provides the ultimate entry point into the review and original literature in Sensory Neuroscience enabling students and scientists to delve into the subject and deepen their knowledge. All-inclusive coverage of topics: updated edition offers readers the only current reference available covering neurobiology, physiology, anatomy, and molecular biology of sense organs and the processing of sensory information in the brain Authoritative content: world-leading contributors provide readers with a reputable, dynamic and authoritative account of the topics under discussion Comprehensive-style content: in-depth, complex coverage of topics offers students at upper undergraduate level and above full insight into topics under discussion
Author: Shimomura Osamu
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9813277122
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 556
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Book Description
This book is the bible of bioluminescence and a must-read not only for the students but for those who work in various fields relating to bioluminescence. It summarizes current structural information on all known bioluminescent systems in nature, from well-studied ones to those that have been seldom investigated.This book remains an important source of chemical knowledge on bioluminescence and, since the second edition's publication in 2012, has been revised to include major developments in two systems: earthworm Fridericia and higher fungi whose luciferins have been elucidated and synthesized. These two new luciferins represent an essential addition to seven previously known, with fully rewritten sections covering this new subject matter.
Author: Reinhard Krämer
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527629246
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 513
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Book Description
Providing a comprehensive insight into cellular signaling processes in bacteria with a special focus on biotechnological implications, this is the first book to cover intercellular as well as intracellular signaling and its relevance for biofilm formation, host pathogen interactions, symbiotic relationships, and photo- and chemotaxis. In addition, it deals in detail with principal bacterial signaling mechanisms -- making this a valuable resource for all advanced students in microbiology. Dr. Krämer is a world-renowned expert in intracellular signaling and its implications for biotechnology processes, while Dr. Jung is an expert on intercellular signaling and its relevance for biomedicine and agriculture.
Author: Masayori Inouye
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080534015
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 539
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Book Description
Living cells are constantly sensing environmental changes, and their abilities to sense these changes and adapt to them are essential for their survival. In bacteria, histidine kinases are the major sensors for these environmental stresses, enabling cells to adapt to new growth conditions. Written by leading experts in the field, this book provides an up-to-date and comprehensive review on the structure and function of histidine kinases. It also provides extensive information on the physiological roles of histidine kinases in bacteria and eukaryotes. An an essential reference for cell biologists, microbiologists, molecular biologists, and biochemists interested in signal transduction. Experimental biologists and pharmacologists studying signal transduction systems in living organisms will also find it a valuable research tool. - The first comprehensive book on the roles of histidine kinases in cells - 23 in-depth chapters written by leading experts in the field - Describes the most recent advances in the field of signal transduction
Author: E.W. Nester
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401706514
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 578
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Book Description
Research on the interaction between plants and microbes continues to attract increasing attention, both within the field as well as in the scientific community at large. Many of the major scientific journals have recently reviewed various aspects of the field. Several papers dealing with plant-microbe interactions have been featured on the covers of scientific publications in the past several months, and the lay press have recently presented feature articles of this field. An additional sign of the interest in this field is that the International Society of Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions has almost 500 members. This book is a collection of the papers that were given at the Sixth Inlernational Symposium on the Molecular Genetics of Plant-Microbe Interactions which was held in Seattle, Washington in July, 1992. Approximately 650 scientists attended and approximately 50 lectures covering the topics of Agrobacterium-plant interactions, Rhizobium-plant interactions, bacteria-plant interactions, fungal-plant interactions and new aspects of biotechnology were presented. In addition, many sessions were devoted to the plant response to the microbe. Over 400 posters were presented of which the authors of 20 were selected to give an oral presentation. These papers are included in this volume as well. The symposium also included speakers whose research interests are not directly related to plant-microbe interactions but who are at the cutting edge of research areas that impact on the theme of the symposium. These individuals kindly agreed to summarize their talks and their papers are also included.
Author: Jost Wingender
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642601472
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 266
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Book Description
Microbial extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are the key components for the aggregation of microorganisms in biofilms, flocs and sludge. They are composed of polysaccharides, proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and other biological macromolecules. EPS provide a highly hydrated gel matrix in which microbial cells can establish stable synergistic consortia. Cohesion and adhesion as well as morphology, structure, biological function and other properties such as mechanical stability, diffusion, sorption and optical properties of microbial aggregates are determined by the EPS matrix. Also, the protection of biofilm organisms against biocides is attributed to the EPS. Their matrix allows phase separation in biofiltration and is also important for the degradation of particulate material which is of great importance for the self purification processes in surface waters and for waste water treatment.
