Self-assembly of Metallic and Magnetic Nanoparticles Into Polyelectrolyte Multilayers PDF Download
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Author: Lucie Riffard
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Lucie Riffard
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Sebastian Ekeroth
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
ISBN: 9176850099
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 58
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Book Description
Nanomaterials are important tools for enabling technological progress as they can provide dramatically different properties as compared to the bulk counterparts. The field of nanoparticles is one of the most investigated within nanomaterials, thanks to the existing, relatively simple, means of manufacturing. In this thesis, high-power pulsed hollow cathode sputtering is used to nucleate and grow magnetic nanoparticles in a plasma. This sputtering technique provides a high degree of ionization of the sputtered material, which has previously been shown to aid in the growth of the nanoparticles. The magnetic properties of the particles are utilized and makes it possible for the grown particles to act as building blocks for self-assembly into more sophisticated nano structures, particularly when an external magnetic field is applied. These structures created are termed “nanowires” or “nanotrusses”, depending on the level of branching and inter-linking that occurs. Several different elements have been investigated in this thesis. In a novel approach, it is shown how nanoparticles with more advanced structures, and containing material from two hollow cathodes, can be fabricated using high-power pulses. The dual-element particles are achieved by using two distinct and individual elemental cathodes, and a pulse process that allows tuning of individual pulses separately to them. Nanoparticles grown and investigated are Fe, Ni, Pt, Fe-Ni and Ni-Pt. Alternatively, the addition of oxygen to the process allows the formation of oxide or hybrid metal oxide – metal particles. For all nanoparticles containing several elements, it is demonstrated that the stoichiometry can be easily varied, either by the amount of reactive gas let into the process or by tuning the amount of sputtered material through adjusting the electric power supplied to the different cathodes. One aim of the presented work is to find a suitable material for the use as a catalyst in the production of H2 gas through the process of water splitting. H2 is a good candidate to replace fossil fuels as an energy carrier. However, rare elements (such as Ir or Pt) needs to be used as the catalyst, otherwise a high overpotential is required for the splitting to occur, leading to a low efficiency. This work demonstrates a possible route to avoid this, by using nanomaterials to increase the surface-to-volume ratio, as well as optimizing the elemental ratio between different materials to lower the amount of noble elements required.
Author: Gero Decher
Publisher: Wiley-VCH
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 550
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Book Description
Polyelectrolyte multilayers, an Overview; Fundamentals of polyelectrolyte complexes in solution and the bulk; Polyelectrolyte adsorption and multilayer formation; Charge balance and transport in polyelectrolyte multilayers; Ph- controlled fabrication of polyelectrolyte multilayers: assembly and applications; Recent progress in the surface sol-gel process and protein multilayers; Internally structured polyelectrolyte multilayers; Layer-by-layer assembly of nanoparticles and nanocolloids: intermolecular interactions, structure and materials perspectives; Layer-by-layer self assembled polyelectrolytes and nanoplatelets; Chemistry directed deposition via electrostatic and secondary interactions: a nonlithographic approach to patterned polyelectrolyte multilayer systems; Layered nanoarchitetures based on electro and photo active building blocks: Coated colloids; Smart capsules; Multilayers on solid planar substrates: from structure to function; Functional layer-by-layer assemblies with photo and electrochemical response and selective transport of small molecules and ions; self-assembled and characterization of electro optic materials; Controlling the ion permeability of layered polyelectrolyte films and membranes.
Author: Sergey P. Gubin
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 352762757X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 484
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Book Description
This interdisciplinary approach to the topic brings together reviews of the physics, chemistry, fabrication and application of magnetic nanoparticles and nanostructures within a single cover. With its discussion of the basics as well as the most recent developments, and featuring many examples of practical applications, the result is both a clear and concise introduction to the topic for beginners and a guide to relevant comprehensive physical phenomena and essential technological applications for experienced researchers.
Author: Katsuhiko Ariga
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323994733
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 648
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Book Description
Materials Nanoarchitectonics: From Integrated Molecular Systems to Advanced Devices provides the latest information on the design and molecular manipulation of self-organized hierarchically structured systems using tailor-made nanoscale materials as structural and functional units. The book is organized into three main sections that focus on molecular design of building blocks and hybrid materials, formation of nanostructures, and applications and devices. Bringing together emerging materials, synthetic aspects, nanostructure strategies, and applications, the book aims to support further progress, by offering different perspectives and a strong interdisciplinary approach to this rapidly growing area of innovation. This is an extremely valuable resource for researchers, advanced students, and scientists in industry, with an interest in nanoarchitectonics, nanostructures, and nanomaterials, or across the areas of nanotechnology, chemistry, surface science, polymer science, electrical engineering, physics, chemical engineering, and materials science. Offers a nanoarchitectonic perspective on emerging fields, such as metal-organic frameworks, porous polymer materials, or biomimetic nanostructures Discusses different approaches to utilizing "soft chemistry" as a source for hierarchically organized materials Offers an interdisciplinary approach to the design and construction of integrated chemical nano systems Discusses novel approaches towards the creation of complex multiscale architectures
Author: Ryan Michael Schmidt
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Block copolymers
Languages : en
Pages : 153
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Book Description
Directed self-assembly of nanomaterials via external fields is an attractive processing tool for industry as it is inherently inexpensive and flexible. The self-assembly of magnetic nanoparticles in particular has gained much recent interest for applications ranging from biomedical imaging and targeted cancer therapy to ferrofluid mechanical damping devices, that rely on the state of aggregation and alignment of the nanoparticles. We utilize an oil-water platform to directly observe directed self-assembly of magnetic nanoparticles that are field ordered into two-dimensional mesostructures through the fossilized liquid assembly method. Our system consisted of polymer-coated iron-oxide nanoparticles which were assembled at the interface between a crosslinkable hydrophobic monomer oil, and water through the use of external magnetic fields, and then cured with UV light. In this study, entire magnetic flux field lines in various geometrical configurations were successfully modeled and mapped out by the magnetic nanoparticles, both in-plane and in perpendicular orientations utilizing FLA. As the microscopic behavior of magnetic nanoparticles is known through this first study, further work can then be conducted through the assembly of block copolymer/magnetic nanoparticle nanocomposites. The morphology of neat self-assembled block copolymers have been extensively studied and it has been proven that the molecular weight, volume fraction of the components, and the degree of segment incompatibility are the three independent parameters used to determine equilibrium morphologies. The assembled orientations of lamellar and cylindrical morphologies in particular develop specific directionalities depending on the natural interactions of the blocks with the substrate and surface. It has been shown that treatments such as UV-Ozone treatment of the substrate, mechanical shear, or electrical fields can force this directionality to be altered, however few methods have been developed to readily alter preferential morphologies through the use of magnetic fields. In order to provide preliminary results toward the validity of a magnetically driven reorientation process, systems of polystyrene-b-poly(methylmethacrylate) with varying molecular weights were loaded with up to 1% polystyrene coated cobalt nanoparticles. This study successfully showed that the particles can be loaded into the block copolymers without disrupting the morphology of the block copolymers, and also provided initial results that this method is plausible.
Author: Lvov/Mohwald
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780824782368
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 410
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Book Description
Considers the design, structure and biological activity of ordered films comprised of proteins, polymers, amphiphile molecules and colloidal particles, and assesses the ability of protein/polyion multilayers to mimic living organelles. The book discusses how to reach predetermined locations with proteins and orient molecules while preserving their bioactivity.
Author: Evgeny Smirnov
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319779141
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 270
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Book Description
This book is devoted to various aspects of self-assembly of gold nanoparticles at liquid-liquid interfaces and investigation of their properties. It covers primarily two large fields: (i) self-assembly of nanoparticles and optical properties of these assemblies; and (ii) the role of nanoparticles in redox electrocatalysis at liquid-liquid interfaces. The first part aroused from a long-lasting idea to manipulate adsorption of nanoparticles at liquid-liquid with an external electric field to form 'smart' mirrors and/or filters. Therefore, Chapters 3 to 5 are dedicated to explore fundamental aspects of charged nanoparticles self-assembly and to investigate optical properties (extinction and reflectance) in a through manner. Novel tetrathiafulvalene (TTF)-assisted method leads to self-assembly of nanoparticles into cm-scale nanofilms or, so-called, metal liquid-like droplets (MeLLDs) with remarkable optical properties. The second part (Chapters 6 to 8) clarifies the role of nanoparticles in interfacial electron transfer reactions. They demonstrate how nanoparticles are charged and discharged upon equilibration of Fermi levels with redox couples in solution and how it can be used to perform HER and ORR. Finally, Chapter 9 gives a perspective outlook, including applications of suggested methods in fast, one-step preparation of colloidosomes, SERS substrates as well as pioneer studies on so-called Marangony-type shutters drive by the electric field.
Author: Nicholas A. Kotov
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420027883
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 648
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Book Description
Cubes, triangular prisms, nano-acorn, nano-centipedes, nanoshells, nano-whiskers. . . . Now that we can create nanoparticles in a wide variety of shapes and morphologies, comes the next challenge: finding ways to organize this collection of particles into larger and more complex systems. Nanoparticle Assemblies and Superstructures, edit
Author: Jeff I. Abes
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 198
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Book Description
Nonagglomerated cobalt, iron, iron-cobalt, and cobalt-nickel alloy nanoparticles, some of which exhibit significant room-temperature magnetic coercivity, have been produced by thermal decomposition of organometallic complexes in a bulk film of P(S-b-2VP). The particles are patterned on the nanoscale: they reside within the P2VP domains of the block copolymer morphology. These results are made possible by the selective sequestration of organometallic complexes into these domains in amounts sufficient to nucleate and grow substantial quantities of nanoparticles, some of which are larger than the size required for ferromagnetic behavior. Nonagglomerated metallic nanoparticles have also been produced inside polyelectrolyte films by the growth of palladium nucleating sites followed by the use of an electroless plating bath. Control of particle size and spatial distribution has been demonstrated. The effect of electroless bath chemistry on particle composition has been examined.
