Seasonal Air and Soil Temperature Effects on Photosynthesis in Red Spruce ('Picea Rubens' Sarg.) Saplings PDF Download
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Author: Paul Andrew Schwarz
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 90
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Author: Paul Andrew Schwarz
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 90
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Author: Robert K. Shepard
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forest soils
Languages : en
Pages : 5
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Author: Mary B. Adams
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461229065
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 427
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Book Description
In the early 1980s there were several published reports of recent, unexplained increases in mortality of red spruce in the Adirondack Mountains and the northern Appalachian Mountains of the eastern United States. These reports coincided with documentation of reductions in radial growth of several species of pine in the southeastern United States, and with the severe, rapid, and widespread decline of Norway spruce, silver fir, and some hardwoods in central Europe. In all of these instances, atmospheric deposition was hypothesized as the cause of the decline. (Throughout this volume, we use the term "decline" to refer to a loosely synchronized regional-scale deterioration of tree health which is brought about by a combination of stress factors. These may be biotic or abiotic in nature, and the combinations may differ from site to site. ) Heated public debate about the causes and possible cures for these forest declines ensued. Through the course of this debate, it became clear that information about forest health and air pollution effects on forests was inadequate to meet policymakers' needs. Ecology and Decline of Red Spruce in the Eastern United States addresses that gap for eastern spruce fir forests and represents the culmination of a great deal of research conducted in recent years. The focus is on red spruce because the decline of red spruce was both dramatic and inexplicable and because of the great amount of information gathered on red spruce.
Author:
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 4
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Author:
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ISBN:
Category : Ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 578
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Coverage: 1982- current; updated: monthly. This database covers current ecology research across a wide range of disciplines, reflecting recent advances in light of growing evidence regarding global environmental change and destruction. Major ares of subject coverage include: Algae/lichens, Animals, Annelids, Aquatic ecosystems, Arachnids, Arid zones, Birds, Brackish water, Bryophytes/pteridophytes, Coastal ecosystems, Conifers, Conservation, Control, Crustaceans, Ecosyst em studies, Fungi, Grasses, Grasslands, High altitude environments, Human ecology, Insects, Legumes, Mammals, Management, Microorganisms, Molluscs, Nematodes, Paleo-ecology, Plants, Pollution studies, Reptiles, River basins, Soil, TAiga/tundra, Terrestrial ecosystems, Vertebrates, Wetlands, Woodlands.
Author: F.J. Bigras
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9780792366362
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 616
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Book Description
Conifer Cold Hardiness provides an up-to-date synthesis by leading scientists in the study of the major physiological and environmental factors regulating cold hardiness of conifer tree species. This state-of-the-art reference comprehensively explains current understanding of conifer cold hardiness ranging from the gene to the globe and from the highly applied to the very basic. Topics addressed encompass cold hardiness from the perspectives of ecology, ecophysiology, acclimation and deacclimation, seedling production and reforestation, the impacts of biotic and abiotic factors, and methods for studying and analyzing cold hardiness. The content is relevant to geneticists, ecologists, stress physiologists, environmental and global change scientists, pathologists, advanced nursery and silvicultural practitioners, and graduate students involved in plant biology, plant physiology, horticulture and forestry with an interest in cold hardiness.
Author: Alice M. Goodwin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Foliar feeding
Languages : en
Pages : 14
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Author: Relena Rose Ribbons
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dendrochronology
Languages : en
Pages : 46
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Picea rubens(red spruce) populations experienced a synchronous rangewide decline in growth and vigor starting in the 1960's, which was likely caused by climate change or environmental disturbances (e.g., acid deposition); However, it is yet unknown if populations continue to decline or have recovered. In the context of global warming, red spruce is a species of concern because it is at its southern continuous range margin in Massachusetts. This study uses tree-ring data coupled with population data from permanent plots to quantify the status of red spruce in Massachusetts. Tree cores were extracted from red spruce and used to examine radial growth rates, determine a growth-climate relationship, and document disturbance events. Red spruce at these plots ranged from 90 to 184 years old, and comprised 15 to 29 m2/ha-1 basal area. Over the past 50 years, red spruce has decreased in density, basal area, and relative importance while red maple, yellow birch, and American beech have increased. Red spruce saplings persisted in some plots, but the sapling layer was comprised mostly of American beech or red maple. However, red spruce seedlings were common at red spruce dominant plots indicating that if favorable conditions occur, it could return to its more dominant position in the canopy. Dendroclimatological analyses show that red spruce is sensitive to both temperature and precipitation. Most sites are correlated with temperature, while only two forests were correlated to precipitation. The general temperature response of the red spruce studied was positively correlated with winter temperatures while the general precipitation response was negatively correlated with precipitation. Temporal analysis of the climate-growth response indicates that red spruce here have not had a temporally-stable, climate-growth relationship. Prior to 1960, radial growth was positively correlated with temperatures from November of the previous growing season to January of the current year. After 1960, all sites showed a shift in growth responses consistent with increased summer temperature stress; narrowed tree rings were formed during warm temperatures in July and August. Precipitation remained relatively constant over the past century, while temperatures have increased up to 2°C across the study area. Of the two precipitation-sensitive forests, one forest shifted from being positively correlated with current January precipitation to negatively correlated with previous October precipitation while the second forest showed a strong positive relationship with August precipitation. Because the radial growth of red spruce here are mostly constrained by temperatures, there has been negative growth response to regional warming and precipitation has been stable, I suggest the change in climate response is potentially due to warming and a physiological threshold response to increasing temperatures. Interestingly, disturbance frequency and intensity have increased over the same time period, which could be either a trigger or a response to the shift in the growth-climate relationship.
Author: William K. Smith
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 008092591X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 410
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Book Description
Coniferous forests are among the most important of ecosystems. These forests are widespread and influence both the financial and biological health of our globe. This book focuses attention on conifers and how these trees acquire, allocate, and utilize the resources that sustain this crucial productivity. An international team of experts has surveyed and synthesized information from an expanding area of inquiry. The first half of the book describes how resources are acquired both by means of photosynthesis and through root systems. The latter half of the volume focuses upon how resources are stored and used. As conifers continue as a resource and ever increasingly important contributor to the regional and global environmental sustainability, this book will help establish how much sustainability can be expected and maintained.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Acid deposition
Languages : en
Pages : 556
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