Screening of Germplasm for Drought Tolerance and Formulation of Selection Indices for Seed Yield in Soybean (Glycine Max(L.)Merrill) PDF Download
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Author: KRISHANAN V
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 13
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Author: KRISHANAN V
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 13
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Author: VIMALA DEVI S
Publisher:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 116
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Author: LAKSHMINARAYANA RAO N. A
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 113
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Author: N. P. Arunakumar
Publisher:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 134
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![Genetic Variation for Physiological Traits Affecting Drought Tolerance Among Ontario-adapted Commercial Soybean [Glycine Max (L.) Merr.] Varieties Grown in 1-m Rooting Columns PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/o-w1zwEACAAJ?fife=w80-h100)
Author: Michael Gebretsadik Gebre
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Drought stress significantly limits soybean production in Ontario. Identification of physiological traits to improve drought tolerance in soybean would benefit from controlled-environment phenotyping methods. It was hypothesized that elite Ontario-adapted soybean varieties would differ for drought tolerance. A greenhouse culture system was developed employing 1-m rooting columns filled with amended field soil, that presents field-like volumetric soil water content and rooting profiles by depth. Different levels of drought stress were simulated in this system by restoring soil water to 100% (control), 75% (mild stress) or 50% (drought stress) of the maximum soil water holding capacity by daily weighing and watering from first flower (R1) until maturity. The effect of applying fertilizer throughout the 1-m soil profile instead of confining it to the upper 30 cm was tested. Distributing fertilizer over the entire 1-m rooting depth resulted in deeper rooting and more soil water extraction at depth at the R1 stage; however, these effects did not persist until maturity and so did not affect drought tolerance. Fifteen Ontario-adapted commercial soybean varieties were compared for their drought tolerance, defined as the ratio of their seed yield under drought conditions compared to control conditions (seed yield ratio; SYR). Similar to the effects of drought in the field, pod number was by far the yield component most affected, with effects on seeds per pod and single-seed weight being relatively minor. Based on their SYR, two drought-sensitive varieties (Saska and OAC Drayton) and three drought-tolerant varieties (OAC Lakeview, OAC Champion, and PRO 2715R) were identified. Principal components analysis showed that drought-tolerant varieties were those that maintained relatively high water use, shoot dry matter, and pod number under stress. Varieties differed for root biomass distribution by depth, but not for soil water extraction profiles, and there was no evidence that differences in drought tolerance were associated with rooting traits among these fifteen varieties. This study helps define the physiological basis of soybean variety differences in drought tolerance, and provides novel phenotyping tools for soybean breeders to select for root function and yield formation traits that could improve soybean yield under drought stress.
Author: S.Vimala Devi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 95
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![Recurrent Selection for Increased Seed Yield in Soybean [Glycine Max (L.) Merr.] Using Genetic Male Sterility PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/qRAfOAAACAAJ?fife=w80-h100)
Author: Epimaki Mennas Kimolo Koinange
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 110
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Author: Mirta Beatriz Dalzotto
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Soybean
Languages : en
Pages : 264
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Drought causes significant yield reductions in soybean. The development of drought-tolerant cultivars is an effective alternative to overcome this abiotic stress. Slow wilting, prolonged nitrogen fixation, and minimal yield reduction under water stress play an important role in evaluating breeding materials. Despite advances in knowledge about plant responses to drought conditions, there is little information on effective methodologies for phenotype screening in the field, and some QTLs have been identified for drought tolerance. Field screenings under drought and irrigated conditions are necessary to detect drought tolerant lines. In addition, QTLs and molecular makers associated with drought tolerance traits will greatly facilitate the development of tolerant lines through marker-assisted selection (MAS). The objectives of this study were: 1) to evaluate whether selection of high-yielding lines under irrigation in the preliminary stage is a positive predictor of the performance of these lines under drought conditions, and 2) to identify/confirm QTLs associated with slow wilting and nitrogen fixation for drought tolerance. For the first objective, yield performances of 87 genotypes derived from three different populations were evaluated under rain-fed conditions versus standard irrigation. The second objective was to identify QTLs associated with slow wilting, shoot ureides and nitrogen concentrations in soybeans. For this objective, 148 lines from an F4-derived population (R07-7044 x R01-581) were screened with SNP markers and molecular analysis was conducted. Results for the first project showed four different types of yield performance on the lines. The high-yielding lines under full irrigation also had high yields under drought indicating that the selection of high-yielding lines in initial stages under irrigation is a good indicator of the profitable yielding lines under moderate drought conditions. In the second project, results showed two new QTLs for shoot nitrogen on chromosomes 6 and 11, and confirmed two shoot ureide QTLs on chromosomes 10 and 13. Four new QTLs for wilting were identified on chromosomes 11, 13, 14, and 18. These newly confirmed QTLs and molecular markers will be useful for marker-assisted selection for drought tolerance improvement in a soybean breeding program.
Author: Sumandeep Kaur Bazzer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 430
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Soybean (Glycine max L.) is one of the major row crops in the United States, and its production is often limited by drought stress. Physiological traits from exotic germplasm that confer drought tolerance may be useful in improving commercial soybean production. For example, carbon isotope ratio (?13C) is positively correlated with water use efficiency (WUE), and nitrogen isotope ratio (?15N) is negatively correlated with N2 fixation; canopy temperature (CT) is an indicator for genetic variation in transpiration and stomatal conductance. Therefore, the objectives of this research were to identify the genomic regions associated with: (1) ?13C and ?15N using a population of 196 F6-derived recombinant inbred lines (RIL) from PI 416997 × PI 567201D that was phenotyped in four environments, (2) CT and ?13C using a population of 168 F5-derived RILs from KS4895 × Jackson that was phenotyped in multiple environments and irrigation treatments. In the PI 416997 × PI 567201D population, ?13C and ?15N had a wide phenotypic range in all environments, and PI 416997 had higher ?13C and lower ?15N values than PI 567201D. ?13C had high heritability (90%) whereas the heritability of ?15N was relatively lower (35%), indicating that ?15N was more affected by the environment. QTL mapping identified eight loci on seven chromosomes associated with ?13C, and these loci explained between 2.5 to 30% of the phenotypic variation. There were 13 loci on 10 chromosomes associated with ?15N, explaining 1.7 to 14.4% of the phenotypic variation. There were strong interactions between QTLs and environments for ?15N. In the KS4895 × Jackson RIL population, Jackson had a cooler canopy than KS4895, and the heritability of CT had low heritability (31%) across environments. There were 11 loci present on eight chromosomes associated with CT that individually explained 4.6 to 12.3% of the phenotypic variation. The heritability of ?13C in KS4895 × Jackson RIL population heritability was 83% when estimated over environments and over irrigation treatments. A total of 24 QTLs associated with ?13C were identified and clustered in nine genomic loci on seven chromosomes. The identified QTLs for ?13C, ?15N, and CT were co-localized with genomic regions associated with drought tolerance-related traits from previous studies. These genomic regions may be important resources in soybean breeding programs to improve tolerance to drought. Further research is needed to fine map the identified QTLs and validate markers linked with these regions.
Author: Shri Mohan Jain
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400713185
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 745
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This important reference book is the first comprehensive resource worldwide that reflects research achievements in date palm biotechnology, documenting research events during the last four decades, current status, and future outlook. This book is essential for researchers, policy makers, and commercial entrepreneurs concerned with date palm. The book is invaluable for date palm biotechnology students and specialists. This monument is written by an international team of experienced researchers from both academia and industry. It consists of five sections covering all aspects of date palm biotechnology including A) Micropropagation, B) Somaclonal Variation, Mutation and Selection, C) Germplasm Biodiversity and Conservation, D) Genetics and Genetic Improvement, and E) Metabolites and Industrial Biotechnology. The book brings together the principles and practices of contemporary date palm biotechnology. Each chapter contains background knowledge related to the topic, followed by a comprehensive literature review of research methodology and results including the authors own experience including illustrative tables and photographs.
