Author: Ron Bekkerman
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0521192242
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 493
Book Description
This integrated collection covers a range of parallelization platforms, concurrent programming frameworks and machine learning settings, with case studies.
Scaling Up Machine Learning
Author: Ron Bekkerman
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0521192242
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 493
Book Description
This integrated collection covers a range of parallelization platforms, concurrent programming frameworks and machine learning settings, with case studies.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0521192242
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 493
Book Description
This integrated collection covers a range of parallelization platforms, concurrent programming frameworks and machine learning settings, with case studies.
Human-in-the-Loop Machine Learning
Author: Robert Munro
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
ISBN: 1617296740
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 422
Book Description
Machine learning applications perform better with human feedback. Keeping the right people in the loop improves the accuracy of models, reduces errors in data, lowers costs, and helps you ship models faster. Human-in-the-loop machine learning lays out methods for humans and machines to work together effectively. You'll find best practices on selecting sample data for human feedback, quality control for human annotations, and designing annotation interfaces. You'll learn to dreate training data for labeling, object detection, and semantic segmentation, sequence labeling, and more. The book starts with the basics and progresses to advanced techniques like transfer learning and self-supervision within annotation workflows.
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
ISBN: 1617296740
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 422
Book Description
Machine learning applications perform better with human feedback. Keeping the right people in the loop improves the accuracy of models, reduces errors in data, lowers costs, and helps you ship models faster. Human-in-the-loop machine learning lays out methods for humans and machines to work together effectively. You'll find best practices on selecting sample data for human feedback, quality control for human annotations, and designing annotation interfaces. You'll learn to dreate training data for labeling, object detection, and semantic segmentation, sequence labeling, and more. The book starts with the basics and progresses to advanced techniques like transfer learning and self-supervision within annotation workflows.
Distributed Machine Learning Patterns
Author: Yuan Tang
Publisher: Manning
ISBN: 9781617299025
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 375
Book Description
Practical patterns for scaling machine learning from your laptop to a distributed cluster. Scaling up models from standalone devices to large distributed clusters is one of the biggest challenges faced by modern machine learning practitioners. Distributed Machine Learning Patterns teaches you how to scale machine learning models from your laptop to large distributed clusters. In Distributed Machine Learning Patterns, you’ll learn how to apply established distributed systems patterns to machine learning projects, and explore new ML-specific patterns as well. Firmly rooted in the real world, this book demonstrates how to apply patterns using examples based in TensorFlow, Kubernetes, Kubeflow, and Argo Workflows. Real-world scenarios, hands-on projects, and clear, practical DevOps techniques let you easily launch, manage, and monitor cloud-native distributed machine learning pipelines. Purchase of the print book includes a free eBook in PDF, Kindle, and ePub formats from Manning Publications.
Publisher: Manning
ISBN: 9781617299025
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 375
Book Description
Practical patterns for scaling machine learning from your laptop to a distributed cluster. Scaling up models from standalone devices to large distributed clusters is one of the biggest challenges faced by modern machine learning practitioners. Distributed Machine Learning Patterns teaches you how to scale machine learning models from your laptop to large distributed clusters. In Distributed Machine Learning Patterns, you’ll learn how to apply established distributed systems patterns to machine learning projects, and explore new ML-specific patterns as well. Firmly rooted in the real world, this book demonstrates how to apply patterns using examples based in TensorFlow, Kubernetes, Kubeflow, and Argo Workflows. Real-world scenarios, hands-on projects, and clear, practical DevOps techniques let you easily launch, manage, and monitor cloud-native distributed machine learning pipelines. Purchase of the print book includes a free eBook in PDF, Kindle, and ePub formats from Manning Publications.
Machine Learning Models and Algorithms for Big Data Classification
Author: Shan Suthaharan
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1489976418
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 364
Book Description
This book presents machine learning models and algorithms to address big data classification problems. Existing machine learning techniques like the decision tree (a hierarchical approach), random forest (an ensemble hierarchical approach), and deep learning (a layered approach) are highly suitable for the system that can handle such problems. This book helps readers, especially students and newcomers to the field of big data and machine learning, to gain a quick understanding of the techniques and technologies; therefore, the theory, examples, and programs (Matlab and R) presented in this book have been simplified, hardcoded, repeated, or spaced for improvements. They provide vehicles to test and understand the complicated concepts of various topics in the field. It is expected that the readers adopt these programs to experiment with the examples, and then modify or write their own programs toward advancing their knowledge for solving more complex and challenging problems. The presentation format of this book focuses on simplicity, readability, and dependability so that both undergraduate and graduate students as well as new researchers, developers, and practitioners in this field can easily trust and grasp the concepts, and learn them effectively. It has been written to reduce the mathematical complexity and help the vast majority of readers to understand the topics and get interested in the field. This book consists of four parts, with the total of 14 chapters. The first part mainly focuses on the topics that are needed to help analyze and understand data and big data. The second part covers the topics that can explain the systems required for processing big data. The third part presents the topics required to understand and select machine learning techniques to classify big data. Finally, the fourth part concentrates on the topics that explain the scaling-up machine learning, an important solution for modern big data problems.
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1489976418
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 364
Book Description
This book presents machine learning models and algorithms to address big data classification problems. Existing machine learning techniques like the decision tree (a hierarchical approach), random forest (an ensemble hierarchical approach), and deep learning (a layered approach) are highly suitable for the system that can handle such problems. This book helps readers, especially students and newcomers to the field of big data and machine learning, to gain a quick understanding of the techniques and technologies; therefore, the theory, examples, and programs (Matlab and R) presented in this book have been simplified, hardcoded, repeated, or spaced for improvements. They provide vehicles to test and understand the complicated concepts of various topics in the field. It is expected that the readers adopt these programs to experiment with the examples, and then modify or write their own programs toward advancing their knowledge for solving more complex and challenging problems. The presentation format of this book focuses on simplicity, readability, and dependability so that both undergraduate and graduate students as well as new researchers, developers, and practitioners in this field can easily trust and grasp the concepts, and learn them effectively. It has been written to reduce the mathematical complexity and help the vast majority of readers to understand the topics and get interested in the field. This book consists of four parts, with the total of 14 chapters. The first part mainly focuses on the topics that are needed to help analyze and understand data and big data. The second part covers the topics that can explain the systems required for processing big data. The third part presents the topics required to understand and select machine learning techniques to classify big data. Finally, the fourth part concentrates on the topics that explain the scaling-up machine learning, an important solution for modern big data problems.
MLOps Engineering at Scale
Author: Carl Osipov
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
ISBN: 1638356505
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 497
Book Description
Dodge costly and time-consuming infrastructure tasks, and rapidly bring your machine learning models to production with MLOps and pre-built serverless tools! In MLOps Engineering at Scale you will learn: Extracting, transforming, and loading datasets Querying datasets with SQL Understanding automatic differentiation in PyTorch Deploying model training pipelines as a service endpoint Monitoring and managing your pipeline’s life cycle Measuring performance improvements MLOps Engineering at Scale shows you how to put machine learning into production efficiently by using pre-built services from AWS and other cloud vendors. You’ll learn how to rapidly create flexible and scalable machine learning systems without laboring over time-consuming operational tasks or taking on the costly overhead of physical hardware. Following a real-world use case for calculating taxi fares, you will engineer an MLOps pipeline for a PyTorch model using AWS server-less capabilities. About the technology A production-ready machine learning system includes efficient data pipelines, integrated monitoring, and means to scale up and down based on demand. Using cloud-based services to implement ML infrastructure reduces development time and lowers hosting costs. Serverless MLOps eliminates the need to build and maintain custom infrastructure, so you can concentrate on your data, models, and algorithms. About the book MLOps Engineering at Scale teaches you how to implement efficient machine learning systems using pre-built services from AWS and other cloud vendors. This easy-to-follow book guides you step-by-step as you set up your serverless ML infrastructure, even if you’ve never used a cloud platform before. You’ll also explore tools like PyTorch Lightning, Optuna, and MLFlow that make it easy to build pipelines and scale your deep learning models in production. What's inside Reduce or eliminate ML infrastructure management Learn state-of-the-art MLOps tools like PyTorch Lightning and MLFlow Deploy training pipelines as a service endpoint Monitor and manage your pipeline’s life cycle Measure performance improvements About the reader Readers need to know Python, SQL, and the basics of machine learning. No cloud experience required. About the author Carl Osipov implemented his first neural net in 2000 and has worked on deep learning and machine learning at Google and IBM. Table of Contents PART 1 - MASTERING THE DATA SET 1 Introduction to serverless machine learning 2 Getting started with the data set 3 Exploring and preparing the data set 4 More exploratory data analysis and data preparation PART 2 - PYTORCH FOR SERVERLESS MACHINE LEARNING 5 Introducing PyTorch: Tensor basics 6 Core PyTorch: Autograd, optimizers, and utilities 7 Serverless machine learning at scale 8 Scaling out with distributed training PART 3 - SERVERLESS MACHINE LEARNING PIPELINE 9 Feature selection 10 Adopting PyTorch Lightning 11 Hyperparameter optimization 12 Machine learning pipeline
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
ISBN: 1638356505
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 497
Book Description
Dodge costly and time-consuming infrastructure tasks, and rapidly bring your machine learning models to production with MLOps and pre-built serverless tools! In MLOps Engineering at Scale you will learn: Extracting, transforming, and loading datasets Querying datasets with SQL Understanding automatic differentiation in PyTorch Deploying model training pipelines as a service endpoint Monitoring and managing your pipeline’s life cycle Measuring performance improvements MLOps Engineering at Scale shows you how to put machine learning into production efficiently by using pre-built services from AWS and other cloud vendors. You’ll learn how to rapidly create flexible and scalable machine learning systems without laboring over time-consuming operational tasks or taking on the costly overhead of physical hardware. Following a real-world use case for calculating taxi fares, you will engineer an MLOps pipeline for a PyTorch model using AWS server-less capabilities. About the technology A production-ready machine learning system includes efficient data pipelines, integrated monitoring, and means to scale up and down based on demand. Using cloud-based services to implement ML infrastructure reduces development time and lowers hosting costs. Serverless MLOps eliminates the need to build and maintain custom infrastructure, so you can concentrate on your data, models, and algorithms. About the book MLOps Engineering at Scale teaches you how to implement efficient machine learning systems using pre-built services from AWS and other cloud vendors. This easy-to-follow book guides you step-by-step as you set up your serverless ML infrastructure, even if you’ve never used a cloud platform before. You’ll also explore tools like PyTorch Lightning, Optuna, and MLFlow that make it easy to build pipelines and scale your deep learning models in production. What's inside Reduce or eliminate ML infrastructure management Learn state-of-the-art MLOps tools like PyTorch Lightning and MLFlow Deploy training pipelines as a service endpoint Monitor and manage your pipeline’s life cycle Measure performance improvements About the reader Readers need to know Python, SQL, and the basics of machine learning. No cloud experience required. About the author Carl Osipov implemented his first neural net in 2000 and has worked on deep learning and machine learning at Google and IBM. Table of Contents PART 1 - MASTERING THE DATA SET 1 Introduction to serverless machine learning 2 Getting started with the data set 3 Exploring and preparing the data set 4 More exploratory data analysis and data preparation PART 2 - PYTORCH FOR SERVERLESS MACHINE LEARNING 5 Introducing PyTorch: Tensor basics 6 Core PyTorch: Autograd, optimizers, and utilities 7 Serverless machine learning at scale 8 Scaling out with distributed training PART 3 - SERVERLESS MACHINE LEARNING PIPELINE 9 Feature selection 10 Adopting PyTorch Lightning 11 Hyperparameter optimization 12 Machine learning pipeline
Machine Learning Systems
Author: Jeffrey Smith
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
ISBN: 1638355363
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 339
Book Description
Summary Machine Learning Systems: Designs that scale is an example-rich guide that teaches you how to implement reactive design solutions in your machine learning systems to make them as reliable as a well-built web app. Foreword by Sean Owen, Director of Data Science, Cloudera Purchase of the print book includes a free eBook in PDF, Kindle, and ePub formats from Manning Publications. About the Technology If you’re building machine learning models to be used on a small scale, you don't need this book. But if you're a developer building a production-grade ML application that needs quick response times, reliability, and good user experience, this is the book for you. It collects principles and practices of machine learning systems that are dramatically easier to run and maintain, and that are reliably better for users. About the Book Machine Learning Systems: Designs that scale teaches you to design and implement production-ready ML systems. You'll learn the principles of reactive design as you build pipelines with Spark, create highly scalable services with Akka, and use powerful machine learning libraries like MLib on massive datasets. The examples use the Scala language, but the same ideas and tools work in Java, as well. What's Inside Working with Spark, MLlib, and Akka Reactive design patterns Monitoring and maintaining a large-scale system Futures, actors, and supervision About the Reader Readers need intermediate skills in Java or Scala. No prior machine learning experience is assumed. About the Author Jeff Smith builds powerful machine learning systems. For the past decade, he has been working on building data science applications, teams, and companies as part of various teams in New York, San Francisco, and Hong Kong. He blogs (https: //medium.com/@jeffksmithjr), tweets (@jeffksmithjr), and speaks (www.jeffsmith.tech/speaking) about various aspects of building real-world machine learning systems. Table of Contents PART 1 - FUNDAMENTALS OF REACTIVE MACHINE LEARNING Learning reactive machine learning Using reactive tools PART 2 - BUILDING A REACTIVE MACHINE LEARNING SYSTEM Collecting data Generating features Learning models Evaluating models Publishing models Responding PART 3 - OPERATING A MACHINE LEARNING SYSTEM Delivering Evolving intelligence
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
ISBN: 1638355363
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 339
Book Description
Summary Machine Learning Systems: Designs that scale is an example-rich guide that teaches you how to implement reactive design solutions in your machine learning systems to make them as reliable as a well-built web app. Foreword by Sean Owen, Director of Data Science, Cloudera Purchase of the print book includes a free eBook in PDF, Kindle, and ePub formats from Manning Publications. About the Technology If you’re building machine learning models to be used on a small scale, you don't need this book. But if you're a developer building a production-grade ML application that needs quick response times, reliability, and good user experience, this is the book for you. It collects principles and practices of machine learning systems that are dramatically easier to run and maintain, and that are reliably better for users. About the Book Machine Learning Systems: Designs that scale teaches you to design and implement production-ready ML systems. You'll learn the principles of reactive design as you build pipelines with Spark, create highly scalable services with Akka, and use powerful machine learning libraries like MLib on massive datasets. The examples use the Scala language, but the same ideas and tools work in Java, as well. What's Inside Working with Spark, MLlib, and Akka Reactive design patterns Monitoring and maintaining a large-scale system Futures, actors, and supervision About the Reader Readers need intermediate skills in Java or Scala. No prior machine learning experience is assumed. About the Author Jeff Smith builds powerful machine learning systems. For the past decade, he has been working on building data science applications, teams, and companies as part of various teams in New York, San Francisco, and Hong Kong. He blogs (https: //medium.com/@jeffksmithjr), tweets (@jeffksmithjr), and speaks (www.jeffsmith.tech/speaking) about various aspects of building real-world machine learning systems. Table of Contents PART 1 - FUNDAMENTALS OF REACTIVE MACHINE LEARNING Learning reactive machine learning Using reactive tools PART 2 - BUILDING A REACTIVE MACHINE LEARNING SYSTEM Collecting data Generating features Learning models Evaluating models Publishing models Responding PART 3 - OPERATING A MACHINE LEARNING SYSTEM Delivering Evolving intelligence
Large Scale Machine Learning with Python
Author: Bastiaan Sjardin
Publisher: Packt Publishing Ltd
ISBN: 1785888021
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 420
Book Description
Learn to build powerful machine learning models quickly and deploy large-scale predictive applications About This Book Design, engineer and deploy scalable machine learning solutions with the power of Python Take command of Hadoop and Spark with Python for effective machine learning on a map reduce framework Build state-of-the-art models and develop personalized recommendations to perform machine learning at scale Who This Book Is For This book is for anyone who intends to work with large and complex data sets. Familiarity with basic Python and machine learning concepts is recommended. Working knowledge in statistics and computational mathematics would also be helpful. What You Will Learn Apply the most scalable machine learning algorithms Work with modern state-of-the-art large-scale machine learning techniques Increase predictive accuracy with deep learning and scalable data-handling techniques Improve your work by combining the MapReduce framework with Spark Build powerful ensembles at scale Use data streams to train linear and non-linear predictive models from extremely large datasets using a single machine In Detail Large Python machine learning projects involve new problems associated with specialized machine learning architectures and designs that many data scientists have yet to tackle. But finding algorithms and designing and building platforms that deal with large sets of data is a growing need. Data scientists have to manage and maintain increasingly complex data projects, and with the rise of big data comes an increasing demand for computational and algorithmic efficiency. Large Scale Machine Learning with Python uncovers a new wave of machine learning algorithms that meet scalability demands together with a high predictive accuracy. Dive into scalable machine learning and the three forms of scalability. Speed up algorithms that can be used on a desktop computer with tips on parallelization and memory allocation. Get to grips with new algorithms that are specifically designed for large projects and can handle bigger files, and learn about machine learning in big data environments. We will also cover the most effective machine learning techniques on a map reduce framework in Hadoop and Spark in Python. Style and Approach This efficient and practical title is stuffed full of the techniques, tips and tools you need to ensure your large scale Python machine learning runs swiftly and seamlessly. Large-scale machine learning tackles a different issue to what is currently on the market. Those working with Hadoop clusters and in data intensive environments can now learn effective ways of building powerful machine learning models from prototype to production. This book is written in a style that programmers from other languages (R, Julia, Java, Matlab) can follow.
Publisher: Packt Publishing Ltd
ISBN: 1785888021
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 420
Book Description
Learn to build powerful machine learning models quickly and deploy large-scale predictive applications About This Book Design, engineer and deploy scalable machine learning solutions with the power of Python Take command of Hadoop and Spark with Python for effective machine learning on a map reduce framework Build state-of-the-art models and develop personalized recommendations to perform machine learning at scale Who This Book Is For This book is for anyone who intends to work with large and complex data sets. Familiarity with basic Python and machine learning concepts is recommended. Working knowledge in statistics and computational mathematics would also be helpful. What You Will Learn Apply the most scalable machine learning algorithms Work with modern state-of-the-art large-scale machine learning techniques Increase predictive accuracy with deep learning and scalable data-handling techniques Improve your work by combining the MapReduce framework with Spark Build powerful ensembles at scale Use data streams to train linear and non-linear predictive models from extremely large datasets using a single machine In Detail Large Python machine learning projects involve new problems associated with specialized machine learning architectures and designs that many data scientists have yet to tackle. But finding algorithms and designing and building platforms that deal with large sets of data is a growing need. Data scientists have to manage and maintain increasingly complex data projects, and with the rise of big data comes an increasing demand for computational and algorithmic efficiency. Large Scale Machine Learning with Python uncovers a new wave of machine learning algorithms that meet scalability demands together with a high predictive accuracy. Dive into scalable machine learning and the three forms of scalability. Speed up algorithms that can be used on a desktop computer with tips on parallelization and memory allocation. Get to grips with new algorithms that are specifically designed for large projects and can handle bigger files, and learn about machine learning in big data environments. We will also cover the most effective machine learning techniques on a map reduce framework in Hadoop and Spark in Python. Style and Approach This efficient and practical title is stuffed full of the techniques, tips and tools you need to ensure your large scale Python machine learning runs swiftly and seamlessly. Large-scale machine learning tackles a different issue to what is currently on the market. Those working with Hadoop clusters and in data intensive environments can now learn effective ways of building powerful machine learning models from prototype to production. This book is written in a style that programmers from other languages (R, Julia, Java, Matlab) can follow.
Understanding Machine Learning
Author: Shai Shalev-Shwartz
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107057132
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 415
Book Description
Introduces machine learning and its algorithmic paradigms, explaining the principles behind automated learning approaches and the considerations underlying their usage.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107057132
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 415
Book Description
Introduces machine learning and its algorithmic paradigms, explaining the principles behind automated learning approaches and the considerations underlying their usage.
Data-Intensive Text Processing with MapReduce
Author: Jimmy Lin
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031021363
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 171
Book Description
Our world is being revolutionized by data-driven methods: access to large amounts of data has generated new insights and opened exciting new opportunities in commerce, science, and computing applications. Processing the enormous quantities of data necessary for these advances requires large clusters, making distributed computing paradigms more crucial than ever. MapReduce is a programming model for expressing distributed computations on massive datasets and an execution framework for large-scale data processing on clusters of commodity servers. The programming model provides an easy-to-understand abstraction for designing scalable algorithms, while the execution framework transparently handles many system-level details, ranging from scheduling to synchronization to fault tolerance. This book focuses on MapReduce algorithm design, with an emphasis on text processing algorithms common in natural language processing, information retrieval, and machine learning. We introduce the notion of MapReduce design patterns, which represent general reusable solutions to commonly occurring problems across a variety of problem domains. This book not only intends to help the reader "think in MapReduce", but also discusses limitations of the programming model as well. Table of Contents: Introduction / MapReduce Basics / MapReduce Algorithm Design / Inverted Indexing for Text Retrieval / Graph Algorithms / EM Algorithms for Text Processing / Closing Remarks
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031021363
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 171
Book Description
Our world is being revolutionized by data-driven methods: access to large amounts of data has generated new insights and opened exciting new opportunities in commerce, science, and computing applications. Processing the enormous quantities of data necessary for these advances requires large clusters, making distributed computing paradigms more crucial than ever. MapReduce is a programming model for expressing distributed computations on massive datasets and an execution framework for large-scale data processing on clusters of commodity servers. The programming model provides an easy-to-understand abstraction for designing scalable algorithms, while the execution framework transparently handles many system-level details, ranging from scheduling to synchronization to fault tolerance. This book focuses on MapReduce algorithm design, with an emphasis on text processing algorithms common in natural language processing, information retrieval, and machine learning. We introduce the notion of MapReduce design patterns, which represent general reusable solutions to commonly occurring problems across a variety of problem domains. This book not only intends to help the reader "think in MapReduce", but also discusses limitations of the programming model as well. Table of Contents: Introduction / MapReduce Basics / MapReduce Algorithm Design / Inverted Indexing for Text Retrieval / Graph Algorithms / EM Algorithms for Text Processing / Closing Remarks
Machine Learning Methods for Planning
Author: Steven Minton
Publisher: Morgan Kaufmann
ISBN: 1483221172
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 555
Book Description
Machine Learning Methods for Planning provides information pertinent to learning methods for planning and scheduling. This book covers a wide variety of learning methods and learning architectures, including analogical, case-based, decision-tree, explanation-based, and reinforcement learning. Organized into 15 chapters, this book begins with an overview of planning and scheduling and describes some representative learning systems that have been developed for these tasks. This text then describes a learning apprentice for calendar management. Other chapters consider the problem of temporal credit assignment and describe tractable classes of problems for which optimal plans can be derived. This book discusses as well how reactive, integrated systems give rise to new requirements and opportunities for machine learning. The final chapter deals with a method for learning problem decompositions, which is based on an idealized model of efficiency for problem-reduction search. This book is a valuable resource for production managers, planners, scientists, and research workers.
Publisher: Morgan Kaufmann
ISBN: 1483221172
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 555
Book Description
Machine Learning Methods for Planning provides information pertinent to learning methods for planning and scheduling. This book covers a wide variety of learning methods and learning architectures, including analogical, case-based, decision-tree, explanation-based, and reinforcement learning. Organized into 15 chapters, this book begins with an overview of planning and scheduling and describes some representative learning systems that have been developed for these tasks. This text then describes a learning apprentice for calendar management. Other chapters consider the problem of temporal credit assignment and describe tractable classes of problems for which optimal plans can be derived. This book discusses as well how reactive, integrated systems give rise to new requirements and opportunities for machine learning. The final chapter deals with a method for learning problem decompositions, which is based on an idealized model of efficiency for problem-reduction search. This book is a valuable resource for production managers, planners, scientists, and research workers.