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Author: University of California, Los Angeles. Russian and East European Studies Center
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Europe, Eastern
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: University of California, Los Angeles. Russian and East European Studies Center
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Europe, Eastern
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author:
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Per Anders Rudling
Publisher: University of Pittsburgh Press
ISBN: 0822979586
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 415
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Modern Belarusian nationalism emerged in the early twentieth century during a dramatic period that included a mass exodus, multiple occupations, seven years of warfare, and the partition of the Belarusian lands. In this original history, Per Anders Rudling traces the evolution of modern Belarusian nationalism from its origins in late imperial Russia to the early 1930s. The revolution of 1905 opened a window of opportunity, and debates swirled around definitions of ethnic, racial, or cultural belonging. By March of 1918, a small group of nationalists had declared the formation of a Belarusian People's Republic (BNR), with territories based on ethnographic claims. Less than a year later, the Soviets claimed roughly the same area for a Belarusian Soviet Socialist Republic (BSSR). Belarusian statehood was declared no less than six times between 1918 and 1920. In 1921, the treaty of Riga officially divided the Belarusian lands between Poland and the Soviet Union. Polish authorities subjected Western Belarus to policies of assimilation, alienating much of the population. At the same time, the Soviet establishment of Belarusian-language cultural and educational institutions in Eastern Belarus stimulated national activism in Western Belarus. Sporadic partisan warfare against Polish authorities occurred until the mid-1920s, with Lithuanian and Soviet support. On both sides of the border, Belarusian activists engaged in a process of mythmaking and national mobilization. By 1926, Belarusian political activism had peaked, but then waned when coups d'etats brought authoritarian rule to Poland and Lithuania. The year 1927 saw a crackdown on the Western Belarusian national movement, and in Eastern Belarus, Stalin's consolidation of power led to a brutal transformation of society and the uprooting of Belarusian national communists. As a small group of elites, Belarusian nationalists had been dependent on German, Lithuanian, Polish, and Soviet sponsors since 1915. The geopolitical rivalry provided opportunities, but also liabilities. After 1926, maneuvering this complex and progressively hostile landscape became difficult. Support from Kaunas and Moscow for the Western Belarusian nationalists attracted the interest of the Polish authorities, and the increasingly autonomous republican institutions in Minsk became a concern for the central government in the Kremlin. As Rudling shows, Belarus was a historic battleground that served as a political tool, borderland, and buffer zone between greater powers. Nationalism arrived late, was limited to a relatively small elite, and was suppressed in its early stages. The tumultuous process, however, established the idea of Belarusian statehood, left behind a modern foundation myth, and bequeathed the institutional framework of a proto-state, all of which resurfaced as building blocks for national consolidation when Belarus gained independence in 1991.
Author: University of California, Los Angeles. Russian and East European Studies Center
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Europe, Eastern
Languages : en
Pages : 166
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Author: Center for International Studies. Pittsburgh, Pa..
Publisher:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: University of Pittsburgh. University center for international studies
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Jan Drahokoupil
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 0415466032
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 257
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This book examines the transformation of the state in Central and Eastern Europe since the end of communism and adoption of market oriented reform in the early 1990s, exploring the impact of globalization and economic liberalization on the region’s states, societies and political economy. It compares the different policies and national strategies adopted by key Central and Eastern European states, including the Czech Republic, Poland, Hungary and Slovakia, showing how initial internally oriented strategies of market reform, privileging domestic sources of investment, had by the late 1990s given way to externally oriented strategies emphasising the promotion of competitiveness by attracting foreign investment. It explores the reasons behind this convergence, considering the influence of internal and external forces, and the roles of interests, institutions and ideas. It argues that internationalization of the state is forged in the processes through which domestic groups linked to transnational capital attain domestic influence necessary to shape state policy and strategy. These groups — the comprador service sector in particular — constitute and organize political, social and institutional support of the competition state in the region. Overall, this book not only provides a detailed account of the political economy of post-communist transformation in Central and Eastern Europe, but also the processes by which states adapt to the forces of globalization.
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Category :
Languages : en
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Author: Robert Francis Byrnes
Publisher:
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Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 296
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This collection of essays has been selected from more than thirty articles written over a period of more than thirty-five years by a scholar-teacher who participated in this transformation and who specializes in the history of historical studies in the United States and Russia. They discuss Slavic studies, their history, progress, and shortcomings, and some of the men who contributed most to this important shift in American higher education. Contents: Introduction: Looking Back and Looking Ahead; HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION; Russian Studies in the United States Before the First World War; The American Institute for Slavic Studies in Prague: A Dream of the 1920s; American Publications on East Central Europe, 1945-1957; Russian and Other Non-Western Areas in Undergraduate Education (with John M. Thompson); Reflections on American Training Programs on Russia; The Future of Area Studies; Soviet-American Academic Exchanges; The Academic Labor Market: Where Do We Go From Here?; American Research and Instruction on the Soviet Union: Some Reflections; SOME INDIVIDUALS; Archibald Cary Coolidge and "Civilization's Diary: " Building the Harvard University Library; Archibald Cary Coolidge: A Founder of Russian Studies in the United States; Geroid T. Robinson: Founder of Columbia University's Russian Institute; Fritz T. Epstein; Stephen D. Kertesz: Diplomat and Scholar; Harvard, Columbia, and the CIA: My Training in Russian Studies; Don Treadgold: A Builder of Slavic Studies
Author: University of Virginia. Center for Russian and East European Studies
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Europe, Eastern
Languages : en
Pages : 12
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