Rockefeller Philanthropy and Modern Biomedicine PDF Download
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Author: William H. Schneider
Publisher: Indiana University Press
ISBN: 0253109604
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 264
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Book Description
The eight case studies in this edited volume show in detail how the Rockefeller Foundation's gifts affected medical research, education, and public health in Europe, the Soviet Union, and China between World War I and the Cold War. Despite the Foundation's goal to help countries with established medical research programs, major advances were achieved in several countries that did not have a notable history in medical research. In other circumstances, however, the Rockefeller Foundation was confronted with local cultural and political imperatives that reshaped or weakened its objectives. Rockefeller Philanthropy and Modern Biomedicine offers important lessons regarding the situations in which international philanthropy is likely to be most effective.
Author: William H. Schneider
Publisher: Indiana University Press
ISBN: 0253109604
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 264
Get Book Here
Book Description
The eight case studies in this edited volume show in detail how the Rockefeller Foundation's gifts affected medical research, education, and public health in Europe, the Soviet Union, and China between World War I and the Cold War. Despite the Foundation's goal to help countries with established medical research programs, major advances were achieved in several countries that did not have a notable history in medical research. In other circumstances, however, the Rockefeller Foundation was confronted with local cultural and political imperatives that reshaped or weakened its objectives. Rockefeller Philanthropy and Modern Biomedicine offers important lessons regarding the situations in which international philanthropy is likely to be most effective.
Author: Mark Dodgson
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030380173
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 125
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Book Description
Intended as an essential introduction to philanthropy, this book provides a balanced, analytical, interdisciplinary overview of a complex, and often controversial, topic. Using case studies to illustrate the narrative, it covers everything from the history of individual, sometimes eccentric, philanthropists, to the controversies and challenges of ‘philanthrocapitalism’. This book explores philanthropists and their motivations: who are they and why do they give their money away? It explains what philanthropy does: its history and scope, and the impacts it has in areas such as science and the arts. The governance of philanthropy is explored: how decisions are reached about donations and their accountability. The book addresses the major controversies surrounding philanthropy, and discusses the difficulties involved in giving and receiving, e.g. the importance of ensuring that these processes are transparent and accountable. Lastly, the book considers the future of philanthropy, especially its changing role in society and the disruptive impact of digital technologies. Given its scope, the book offers a valuable resource for researchers interested in philanthropy, innovation and entrepreneurship, the motivations for individual and corporate donations, and the business of giving in general.
Author: Mark Jackson
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0198803184
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 307
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Book Description
A volume exploring the history of medicine across continents and countries from ancient to modern times, examining the changing systems of medicine in Eastern and Western traditions, comparing alternative medical practices, and introducing readers to how historians have captured the multiple approaches to healing adopted by different cultures.
Author: Tara Abraham
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 026203509X
Category : Biography & Autobiography
Languages : en
Pages : 321
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Book Description
The life and work of a scientist who spent his career crossing disciplinary boundaries—from experimental neurology to psychiatry to cybernetics to engineering. Warren S. McCulloch (1898–1969) adopted many identities in his scientific life—among them philosopher, poet, neurologist, neurophysiologist, neuropsychiatrist, collaborator, theorist, cybernetician, mentor, engineer. He was, writes Tara Abraham in this account of McCulloch's life and work, “an intellectual showman,” and performed this part throughout his career. While McCulloch claimed a common thread in his work was the problem of mind and its relationship to the brain, there was much more to him than that. In Rebel Genius, Abraham uses McCulloch's life as a window on a past scientific age, showing the complex transformations that took place in American brain and mind science in the twentieth century—particularly those surrounding the cybernetics movement. Abraham describes McCulloch's early work in neuropsychiatry, and his emerging identity as a neurophysiologist. She explores his transformative years at the Illinois Neuropsychiatric Institute and his work with Walter Pitts—often seen as the first iteration of “artificial intelligence” but here described as stemming from the new tradition of mathematical treatments of biological problems. Abraham argues that McCulloch's dual identities as neuropsychiatrist and cybernetician are inseparable. He used the authority he gained in traditional disciplinary roles as a basis for posing big questions about the brain and mind as a cybernetician. When McCulloch moved to the Research Laboratory of Electronics at MIT, new practices for studying the brain, grounded in mathematics, philosophy, and theoretical modeling, expanded the relevance and ramifications of his work. McCulloch's transdisciplinary legacies anticipated today's multidisciplinary field of cognitive science.
Author: Nuno S. Themudo
Publisher: Indiana University Press
ISBN: 0253006953
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 226
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Book Description
Why do some countries have a vibrant nonprofit sector while others do not? Nonprofits in Crisis explores the theory of risk as a major mechanism through which economic development influences the nonprofit sector. Nuno S. Themudo elaborates this idea by focusing on Mexican nonprofit organizations, which operate and strive to survive in a risky environment. The study of these nonprofits generates broader lessons about philanthropy and the nonprofit sector that complement wider cross-national statistical analysis.
Author: () (Kevin) Chang
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0192659170
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 498
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Book Description
This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International License. It is free to read at Oxford Scholarship Online and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected open access locations. History of Universities XXXIV/1 contains the customary mix of learned articles which makes this publication an indispensable tool for the historian of higher education. This volume offers a global history of research education in the ninteenth and twentieth centuries. This volume compares the training of scholars in different disciplines and countries across the globe in a century that laid the foundation for modern academia. The articles in this volume examine the different training "instruments" and methods for text-based disciplines (history and philology), laboratory sciences (such as chemistry), theoretical sciences (mathematics, for instance), fieldwork disciplines (linguistics and paleontology), and clinical science (medicine). They consider countries or societies in Europe, North America, South and East Asia, and Latin America, and analyze the roles of the state, nationalism and internationalism that shaped the institutions and policies for research education. Some of these articles are comparative, while the others are in-depth case studies of individual disciplines in specific countries at different stages of scientific developments. The introduction and conclusion of this volume bring together the important themes that run across the article and make necessary supplements to present a synthetic picture of the global history of research education.
Author: Ku-Ming Chang
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0192844776
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 398
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Book Description
History of Universities XXXIV/1 contains the customary mix of learned articles which makes this publication an indispensable tool for the historian of higher education. This volume offers a global history of research education in the ninteenth and twentieth centuries.
Author: David Kinkela
Publisher: Univ of North Carolina Press
ISBN: 0807835099
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 274
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Book Description
DDT and the American Century
Author: Frank W. Stahnisch
Publisher: McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
ISBN: 0228000513
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 618
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Book Description
In recent decades, developments in research technologies and therapeutic advances have generated immense public recognition for neuroscience. However, its origins as a field, often linked to partnerships and projects at various brain-focused research centres in the United States during the 1960s, can be traced much further back in time. In A New Field in Mind Frank Stahnisch documents and analyzes the antecedents of the modern neurosciences as an interdisciplinary field. Although postwar American research centres, such as Francis O. Schmitt's Neuroscience Research Program at MIT, brought the modern field to prominence, Stahnisch reveals the pioneering collaborations in the early brain sciences at centres in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland in the first half of the twentieth century. One of these, Heinrich Obersteiner's institute in Vienna, began its work in the 1880s. Through case studies and collective biographies, Stahnisch investigates the evolving relationships between disciplines – anatomy, neurology, psychiatry, physiology, serology, and neurosurgery – which created new epistemological and social contexts for brain research. He also shows how changing political conditions in Central Europe affected the development of the neurosciences, ultimately leading to the expulsion of many physicians and researchers under the Nazi regime and their migration to North America. An in-depth and innovative study, A New Field in Mind tracks the emergence and evolution of neuroscientific research from the late nineteenth century to the postwar period.
Author: Peter K. Yu
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN: 0313056102
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 1978
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Book Description
Until recently, issues of intellectual property were relegated to the experts—attorneys, legal scholars, rightsholders, and technology developers who wrangled over interpretations and enforcement of copyright, patent, and trademark protections. But in today's knowledge-based economy, intellectual property protection has taken on fundamentally new proportions, as a subject of urgency for businesses (whose survival depends on protection of their intangible assets) and as a subject of cultural importance that grabs front-page headlines (as the controversy over Napster and high-profile revelations of plagiarism, for example, have illustrated). This landmark set of essays brings new clarity to the issues, as societies around the world grapple with the intricacies and complexities of intellectual property, and its impact on business, law, policy, and culture. Featuring insights from leading scholars and practitioners, Intellectual Property and Information Wealth provides rigorous analysis, historical context, and emerging practical applications from the public, private, and non-profit sectors. Volume 1 focuses on protections to novels, films, sound recordings, computer programs, and other creative products, and covers such issues as authorship, duration of copyright, fair use of copyrighted materials, and the implications of the Internet and peer-to-peer file sharing. Volume 2 explains the fundamental protections to inventors of devices, mechanical processes, chemical compounds, and other inventions, and examines such issues as the scope and limits of patent protection, research exemptions and infringement, IP in the software and biotech industries, and trade secrets. Volume 3 looks at the protections to distinctive symbols and signs, including brand names and unique product designs, and features chapters on consumer protection, trademark and the first amendment, brand licensing, publicity and cultural images, and domain names. Volume 4 takes the discussion to the global level, addressing a wide range of issues, including not only enforcement of IP protections across borders, but also their implications for international trade and investment, economic development, human rights, and public health.
