Rontgen Centennial - X-rays Today In Natural And Life Sicences PDF Download
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Author: Gottfried Landwehr
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814497592
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 722
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Book Description
To honour W C Röntgen and review the entire area of X-ray development in the various fields of natural, technical, and life sciences, his successors at the Physikalisches Institut of the Universität Würzburg organized a conference, named “Röntgen Centennial”. It took place at the new “Physikalisches Institut” not far from the historical site shortly before the actual 100th anniversary of the discovery. Over forty renowned scientists were invited as representative speakers in the various subfields of X-ray activities. They reviewed the development, gave examples, and described the present status. Most of them provided survey articles, which are gathered in this book. Since most X-ray-related activities are somehow represented, an almost complete overview of the entire field is provided. This book thus represents the enormous breadth of X-ray activities and allows one to recognize the potential and quality of today's X-ray research.
Author: Gottfried Landwehr
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814497592
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 722
Get Book Here
Book Description
To honour W C Röntgen and review the entire area of X-ray development in the various fields of natural, technical, and life sciences, his successors at the Physikalisches Institut of the Universität Würzburg organized a conference, named “Röntgen Centennial”. It took place at the new “Physikalisches Institut” not far from the historical site shortly before the actual 100th anniversary of the discovery. Over forty renowned scientists were invited as representative speakers in the various subfields of X-ray activities. They reviewed the development, gave examples, and described the present status. Most of them provided survey articles, which are gathered in this book. Since most X-ray-related activities are somehow represented, an almost complete overview of the entire field is provided. This book thus represents the enormous breadth of X-ray activities and allows one to recognize the potential and quality of today's X-ray research.
Author: Jens Als-Nielsen
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119970156
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 440
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Book Description
Eagerly awaited, this second edition of a best-selling text comprehensively describes from a modern perspective the basics of x-ray physics as well as the completely new opportunities offered by synchrotron radiation. Written by internationally acclaimed authors, the style of the book is to develop the basic physical principles without obscuring them with excessive mathematics. The second edition differs substantially from the first edition, with over 30% new material, including: A new chapter on non-crystalline diffraction - designed to appeal to the large community who study the structure of liquids, glasses, and most importantly polymers and bio-molecules A new chapter on x-ray imaging - developed in close cooperation with many of the leading experts in the field Two new chapters covering non-crystalline diffraction and imaging Many important changes to various sections in the book have been made with a view to improving the exposition Four-colour representation throughout the text to clarify key concepts Extensive problems after each chapter There is also supplementary book material for this title available online (http://booksupport.wiley.com). Praise for the previous edition: "The publication of Jens Als-Nielsen and Des McMorrow's Elements of Modern X-ray Physics is a defining moment in the field of synchrotron radiation... a welcome addition to the bookshelves of synchrotron–radiation professionals and students alike.... The text is now my personal choice for teaching x-ray physics...." —Physics Today, 2002
Author: Ilya Obodovskiy
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0444639861
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 722
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Book Description
The author is ready to assert that practically none of the readers of this book will ever happen to deal with large doses of radiation. But the author, without a shadow of a doubt, claims that any readers of this book, regardless of gender, age, financial situation, type of professional activity, and habits, are actually exposed to low doses of radiation throughout their life. This book is devoted to the effect of small doses on the body. To understand the basic effects of radiation on humans, the book contains the necessary information from an atomic, molecular and nuclear physics, as well as from biochemistry and biology. Special attention is paid to the issues that are either not considered or discussed very briefly in existing literature. Examples include the ionization of inner atomic shells that play an essential role in radiological processes, and the questions of transformation of the energy of ionizing radiation in matter. The benefits of ionizing radiation to mankind is reflected in a wide range of radiation technologies used in science, industry, agriculture, culture, art, forensics, and, what is the most important application, medicine. Radiation: Fundamentals, Applications, Risks and Safety provides information on the use of radiation in modern life, its usefulness and indispensability. Experiments on the effects of small doses on bacteria, fungi, algae, insects, plants and animals are described. Human medical experiments are inhuman and ethically flawed. However, during the familiarity of mankind with ionizing radiation, a large number of population groups were subject to accumulation, exposed to radiation at doses of small but exceeding the natural background radiation. This book analyzes existing, real-life radiation results from survivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Chernobyl and Fukushima, and examines studies of radiation effect on patients, radiologists, crews of long-distant flights and astronauts, on miners of uranium copies, on workers of nuclear industry and on militaries, exposed to ionizing radiation on a professional basis, and on the population of the various countries receiving environmental exposure. The author hopes that this book can mitigate the impact of radiation phobia, which prevails in the public consciousness over the last half century. - Explores the science of radiation and the effects of radiation technologies and biological processes - Analyzes the elementary processes of ionization and excitation - Summarizes information about inner shells ionization and its impact on matter and biological structures - Discusses quantum concepts in biology and clarifies the importance of epigenetics in radiological processes - Includes case studies focusing on humans irradiated by low doses of radiation and its effects
Author: Carl Nordling
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Imaging systems in medicine
Languages : en
Pages : 80
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Book Description
Author: Adrian M. K. Thomas
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191669717
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 311
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Book Description
In 1890, Professor Arthur Willis Goodspeed, a professor of physics at Pennsylvania USA was working with an English born photographer, William N Jennings, when they accidentally produced a Röntgen Ray picture. Unfortunately, the significance of their findings were overlooked, and the formal discovery of X-rays was credited to Wilhelm Roentgen in 1895. The discovery has since transformed the practice of medicine, and over the course of the past 130 years, the development of new radiological techniques has continued to grow. The impact has been seen in virtually every hospital in the world, from the routine use of ultrasound for pregnancy scans, through to the diagnosis of complex medical issues such as brain tumours. More subtly, X-rays were also used in the discovery of DNA and in military combat, and their social influence through popular culture can be seen in cartoons, books, movies and art. Written by two radiologists who have a passion for the history of their field, The History of Radiology is a beautifully illustrated review of the remarkable developments within radiology and the scientists and pioneers who were involved. This engaging and authoritative history will appeal to a wide audience including medical students studying for the Diploma in the History of Medicine of the Society of Apothecaries (DHMSA), doctors, medical physicists, medical historians and radiographers.
Author: David L Ederer
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814547255
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 248
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Book Description
The Raman Emission by X-rays (REX-I) Workshop focused on Raman Scattering of x-rays mostly from Synchrotron Radiation Sources. The advent of new high brightness sources of x-ray radiation has given new impetus to this tantalizing technique that has offered ways of obtaining new insights into the atomic and electronic structure of solids and gases, but which has been limited by weak sources of excitation. In the last five years, Raman scattering by x-rays has been observed an ubiquitous phenomena. It has been applied to yield new information about the band structure of solids and about the electronic structure of atoms. It was the object of this workshop to identify and define key issues in this rapidly developing subfield of x-ray physics by gathering together a group of theorists and experimentalists, and by providing overlap between atomic and condensed matter physics. The workshop aimed to achieve this end by providing an environment to discuss the latest developments and to initiate cross fertilization in the difference areas.
Author: Klaus Hentschel
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 303480203X
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 615
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Book Description
1 Aim and General Description of the Anthology The purpose of this anthology is to introduce the English speaking public to the wide spectrum of texts authored predominently by physicists portraying the ac tual and perceived role of physics in the Nazi state. Up to now no broad and well balanced documentation of German physics during this time has been available in English, despite the significant role physics has played both politically (e. g. , in weaponry planning) and ideologically (e. g. , in the controversy over the value of theoretical ('Jewish') vs. experimental ('Aryan') physics), and even though prominent figures like the scientist-philosopher and emigre Albert Einstein and the controversial nuclear physicist Werner Heisenberg have become household names. This anthology will attempt to bridge this gap by presenting contempo rary documents and eye-witness accounts by the physicists themselves. Authors were chosen to represent the various political opinions and specialties within the physics community, omitting some of the more readily accessible texts by leading physicists (e. g. , Einstein, Heisenberg, Lenard) in favor of those by less well-known but nonetheless important figures (e. g. , Finkelnburg, Max Wien, Ramsauer). In this way we hope not only to circumvent the constricted 'Great Men' approach to history but also to offer a broader picture of the activities and conflicts within the field and the effects of the political forces exerted upon them.
Author: Raffaele Pisano
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9401796459
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 621
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Book Description
This book analyzes scientific problems within the history of physics, engineering, chemistry, astronomy and medicine, correlated with technological applications in the social context. When and how is tension between disciplines explicitly practised? What is the conceptual bridge between science researches and the organization of technological researches in the development of industrial applications? The authors explain various ways in which the sciences allowed advanced modelling on the one hand, and the development of new technological ideas on the other hand. An emphasis on the role played by mechanisms, production methods and instruments bestows a benefit on historical and scientific discourse: theories, institutions, universities, schools for engineers, social implications as well. Scholars from different traditions discuss the emergency style of thinking in methodology and, in theoretical perspective, aim to gather and re-evaluate the current thinking on this subject. It brings together contributions from leading experts in the field, and gives much-needed insight into the subject from a historical point of view. The volume composition makes for absorbing reading for historians, philosophers and scientists.
Author: Lynn N. McKinnis
Publisher: F.A. Davis
ISBN: 1719645515
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1738
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Book Description
The book that set the standard for the role of correlating imaging findings to clinical findings as part of a comprehensive patient evaluation, more specific treatment plans and better outcomes is back in a New Edition. Here’s everything Physical Therapists need to know about medical imaging. This comprehensive guide helps you develop the skills and knowledge you need to accurately interpret imaging studies and understand written reports. Begin with a basic introduction to radiology; then progress to evaluating radiographs and advanced imaging from head to toe. Imaging for commonly seen traumas and pathologies, as well as case studies prepare you to meet the most common to most complex challenges in clinical and practice.
Author: Gerd Rosenbusch
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319976613
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 210
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Book Description
This book, which will appeal to all with an interest in the history of radiology and physics, casts new light on the life and career of Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, showing how his personality was shaped by his youth in the Netherlands and his teachers in Switzerland. Beyond this, it explores the technical developments relevant to the birth of radiology in the late nineteenth century and examines the impact of the discovery of X-rays on a broad range of scientific research. Röntgen (1845-1923) was born in Lennep, Germany, but emigrated with his family to the Netherlands in 1848. As a 17-year-old he moved to Utrecht, entering the Technical School and living at the home of Dr. Jan Willem Gunning. In this well-educated family he was stimulated to continue his studies at university. In 1868 he received a diploma from the Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich and just a year later completed a PhD in physics. He followed his mentor, August Kundt, to the universities of Würzburg (1870) and Strasburg (1872) and married Anna Ludwig in 1872. In 1879 Röntgen gained his first professorship at a German University, in Giessen, followed by a chair in Würzburg in 1888. Here he discovered X-rays in 1895, for which he received the first Nobel Prize in physics in 1901. From 1900 until his retirement in 1921 he occupied the chair of physics at the Munich University.
