Review of Short-term Screening Tests for Mutagens, Toxigens, and Carcinogens PDF Download
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Author: Heath J. Carney
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Carcinogenicity testing
Languages : en
Pages : 78
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Book Description
Author: Heath J. Carney
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Carcinogenicity testing
Languages : en
Pages : 78
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher: Elsevier-North-Holland Biomedical Press
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 366
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Book Description
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309053919
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 434
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Book Description
Despite increasing knowledge of human nutrition, the dietary contribution to cancer remains a troubling question. Carcinogens and Anticarcinogens assembles the best available information on the magnitude of potential cancer riskâ€"and potential anticarcinogenic effectâ€"from naturally occurring chemicals compared with risk from synthetic chemical constituents. The committee draws important conclusions about diet and cancer, including the carcinogenic role of excess calories and fat, the anticarcinogenic benefit of fiber and other substances, and the impact of food additive regulation. The book offers recommendations for epidemiological and diet research. Carcinogens and Anticarcinogens provides a readable overview of issues and addresses critical questions: Does diet contribute to an appreciable proportion of human cancer? Are there significant interactions between carcinogens and anticarcinogens in the diet? The volume discusses the mechanisms of carcinogenic and anticarcinogenic properties and considers whether techniques used to evaluate the carcinogenic potential of synthetics can be used with naturally occurring chemicals. The committee provides criteria for prioritizing the vast number of substances that need to be tested. Carcinogens and Anticarcinogens clarifies the issues and sets the direction for further investigations into diet and cancer. This volume will be of interest to anyone involved in food and health issues: policymakers, regulators, researchers, nutrition professionals, and health advocates.
Author: United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Government publications
Languages : en
Pages : 728
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Book Description
This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.
Author: Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nuclear energy
Languages : en
Pages : 458
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Book Description
Author: Ashutosh Kumar
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128092602
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 352
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Book Description
Mutagenicity: Assays and Applications presents an extensive examination of the detection, assessment and future of mutagenicity, particularly as it concerns human health and the environment. Chapters focused on specific types of mutagens or testing methods for their detection collectively explore the current state of human and environmental mutagenesis, future perspectives and regulatory needs. The test procedures for measuring mutagenicity, their advantages and limitations are described with practical and procedural detail, along with their presentation and data processing aspects. It is an essential reference covering the breadth and depth of the field of mutagenicity studies and regulation. By providing both important introductory material and practical assays and applications, this book is useful to graduate students, academic and industry researchers and regulators at various stages of their careers, leading to improved risk assessment and regulation. Presents an up-to-date and in-depth review of the current state of mutagenesis research Draws upon the combined experience and expertise of an international group of highly respected editors and chapter authors Provides an introduction to the concept of mutagenesis with particular consideration given to novel chemicals and materials
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309047986
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 353
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Book Description
Raising hopes for disease treatment and prevention, but also the specter of discrimination and "designer genes," genetic testing is potentially one of the most socially explosive developments of our time. This book presents a current assessment of this rapidly evolving field, offering principles for actions and research and recommendations on key issues in genetic testing and screening. Advantages of early genetic knowledge are balanced with issues associated with such knowledge: availability of treatment, privacy and discrimination, personal decision-making, public health objectives, cost, and more. Among the important issues covered: Quality control in genetic testing. Appropriate roles for public agencies, private health practitioners, and laboratories. Value-neutral education and counseling for persons considering testing. Use of test results in insurance, employment, and other settings.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309047862
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 375
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Book Description
The scientific basis, inference assumptions, regulatory uses, and research needs in risk assessment are considered in this two-part volume. The first part, Use of Maximum Tolerated Dose in Animal Bioassays for Carcinogenicity, focuses on whether the maximum tolerated dose should continue to be used in carcinogenesis bioassays. The committee considers several options for modifying current bioassay procedures. The second part, Two-Stage Models of Carcinogenesis, stems from efforts to identify improved means of cancer risk assessment that have resulted in the development of a mathematical dose-response model based on a paradigm for the biologic phenomena thought to be associated with carcinogenesis.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309048753
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 402
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Book Description
Many of the pesticides applied to food crops in this country are present in foods and may pose risks to human health. Current regulations are intended to protect the health of the general population by controlling pesticide use. This book explores whether the present regulatory approaches adequately protect infants and children, who may differ from adults in susceptibility and in dietary exposures to pesticide residues. The committee focuses on four major areas: Susceptibility: Are children more susceptible or less susceptible than adults to the effects of dietary exposure to pesticides? Exposure: What foods do infants and children eat, and which pesticides and how much of them are present in those foods? Is the current information on consumption and residues adequate to estimate exposure? Toxicity: Are toxicity tests in laboratory animals adequate to predict toxicity in human infants and children? Do the extent and type of toxicity of some chemicals vary by species and by age? Assessing risk: How is dietary exposure to pesticide residues associated with response? How can laboratory data on lifetime exposures of animals be used to derive meaningful estimates of risk to children? Does risk accumulate more rapidly during the early years of life? This book will be of interest to policymakers, administrators of research in the public and private sectors, toxicologists, pediatricians and other health professionals, and the pesticide industry.
Author: Andrew Teasdale
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119551218
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 548
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Book Description
Learn to implement effective control measures for mutagenic impurities in pharmaceutical development In Mutagenic Impurities: Strategies for Identification and Control, distinguished chemist Andrew Teasdale delivers a thorough examination of mutagenic impurities and their impact on the pharmaceutical industry. The book incorporates the adoption of the ICH M7 guideline and focuses on mutagenic impurities from both a toxicological and analytical perspective. The editor has created a primary reference for any professional or student studying or working with mutagenic impurities and offers readers a definitive narrative of applicable guidelines and practical, tested solutions. It demonstrates the development of effective control measures, including chapters on the purge tool for risk assessment. The book incorporates a discussion of N-Nitrosamines which was arguably the largest mutagenic impurity issue ever faced by the pharmaceutical industry, resulting in the recall of Zantac and similar drugs resulting from N-Nitrosamine contamination. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: A thorough introduction to the development of regulatory guidelines for mutagenic and genotoxic impurities, including a historical perspective on the development of the EMEA guidelines and the ICH M7 guideline An exploration of in silico assessment of mutagenicity, including use of structure activity relationship evaluation as a tool in the evaluation of the genotoxic potential of impurities A discussion of a toxicological perspective on mutagenic impurities, including the assessment of mutagenicity and examining the mutagenic and carcinogenic potential of common synthetic reagents Perfect for chemists, analysts, and regulatory professionals, Mutagenic Impurities: Strategies for Identification and Control will also earn a place in the libraries of toxicologists and clinical safety scientists seeking a one-stop reference on the subject of mutagenic impurity identification and control.
