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Author: Sven Blank
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
This model analyzes the impact of monetary policy on international consumption risk sharing. To this end, the setup by Ghironi and Stebunovs (2008) is extended in two dimensions. First, to allow for international portfolio choices, cross-border trade of home and foreign equity is brought in. Second, to assign a non-trivial role to monetary policy, nominal price rigidities are introduced as in Bilbiie, Ghironi, and Melitz (2007). The model features incomplete goods as well as incomplete asset markets. Frictions in goods markets are given by variable iceberg-type costs when shipping goods. Financial markets are incomplete as the set of available assets cannot span all the uncertainty induced by potential shock scenarios. In addition, financial markets are not fully integrated as engagement in asset markets is costly. This research note gives technical details on the solution of the model. In the following section, the basic setup of the model as well as the main variables and equilibrium conditions of the model are briefly summarized. Section 3 presents the steady state.
Author: Sven Blank
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
This model analyzes the impact of monetary policy on international consumption risk sharing. To this end, the setup by Ghironi and Stebunovs (2008) is extended in two dimensions. First, to allow for international portfolio choices, cross-border trade of home and foreign equity is brought in. Second, to assign a non-trivial role to monetary policy, nominal price rigidities are introduced as in Bilbiie, Ghironi, and Melitz (2007). The model features incomplete goods as well as incomplete asset markets. Frictions in goods markets are given by variable iceberg-type costs when shipping goods. Financial markets are incomplete as the set of available assets cannot span all the uncertainty induced by potential shock scenarios. In addition, financial markets are not fully integrated as engagement in asset markets is costly. This research note gives technical details on the solution of the model. In the following section, the basic setup of the model as well as the main variables and equilibrium conditions of the model are briefly summarized. Section 3 presents the steady state.
Author: Constantino Hevia
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Consumption (Economics)
Languages : en
Pages : 40
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Book Description
This paper examines the extent of consumption risk sharing for a group of 50 high-income and developing countries. The analysis is based on the empirical implementation of a model of partial consumption insurance whose parameters have the natural interpretation of coefficients of partial risk sharing even when the 0 hypothesis of perfect risk sharing is rejected. The estimation results show that high-income countries exhibit higher degrees of risk sharing than developing countries, and that the gap between the two country groups appears to have widened over the period of financial globalization. Moreover, the pattern of consumption risk sharing is related to the degree of financial openness: countries with more open capital accounts, and larger stocks of foreign assets and liabilities exhibit larger degrees of risk sharing. Yet, larger countries in terms of gross domestic product show lower degrees of consumption risk sharing.
Author:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Karen K. Lewis
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Consumption (Economics)
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Book Description
Recent research in international business cycles based upon complete markets has found that international consumption correlations are lower than predicted by the standard risk-sharing implications of these models. In this paper, I use regression tests to ask whether two different types of explanations can help explain this result. First, I consider whether non-separabilities between tradeables and non-tradeable leisure or goods can explain the puzzle. Surprisingly, non-separabilities explain only a tiny fraction of the variation in tradeables consumption across countries. Furthermore, risk-sharing in tradeables is rejected. Second, I examine the effects of capital market restrictions on aggregate consumption risk-sharing by countries. While rejections of risk-sharing are stronger for countries facing more severe capital market restrictions, risk-sharing is still rejected for the unrestricted group of countries. Therefore, risk-sharing does not appear to be resolved by either explanation alone. However, when I allow for both non-separabilities and certain market restrictions, risk-sharing among unrestricted countries is not rejected. This evidence suggests that a combination of these two effects may be necessary to explain consumption risk-sharing across countries.
Author: Truman Packard
Publisher: Human Development Perspectives
ISBN: 9781464814273
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
"This white paper focusses on the policy interventions made to help people manage risk, uncertainty and the losses from events whose impacts are channeled primarily through the labor market. The objectives of the white paper are: to scrutinize the relevance and effects of prevailing risk-sharing policies in low- and middle-income countries; take account of how global drivers of disruption shape and diversify how people work; in light of this diversity, propose alternative risk-sharing policies, or ways to augment and improve current policies to be more relevant and responsive to peoples' needs; and map a reasonable transition path from the current to an alternative policy approach that substantially extends protection to a greater portion of working people and their families. This white paper is a contribution to the broader, global discussion of the changing nature of work and how policy can shape its implications for the wellbeing of people. We use the term risk-sharing policies broadly in reference to the set of institutions, regulations and interventions that societies put in place to help households manage shocks to their livelihoods. These policies include formal rules and structures that regulate market interactions (worker protections and other labor market institutions) that help people pool risks (social assistance and social insurance), to save and insure affordably and effectively (mandatory and incentivized individual savings and other financial instruments) and to recover from losses in the wake of livelihood shocks ('active' reemployment measures). Effective risk-sharing policies are foundational to building equity, resilience and opportunity, the strategic objectives of the World Bank's Social Protection and Jobs Global Practice. Given failures of factor markets and the market for risk in particular the rationale for policy intervention to augment the options that people have to manage shocks to their livelihoods is well-understood and accepted. By helping to prevent vulnerable people from falling into poverty --and people in the poorest households from falling deeper into poverty-- effective risk-sharing interventions dramatically reduce poverty. Households and communities with access to effective risk-sharing instruments can better maintain and continue to invest in these vital assets, first and foremost, their human capital, and in doing so can reduce the likelihood that poverty and vulnerability will be transmitted from one generation to the next. Risk-sharing policies foster enterprise and development by ensuring that people can take appropriate risks required to grasp opportunities and secure their stake in a growing economy."--
Author: Jordi Galí
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 0226278875
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 663
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Book Description
United States monetary policy has traditionally been modeled under the assumption that the domestic economy is immune to international factors and exogenous shocks. Such an assumption is increasingly unrealistic in the age of integrated capital markets, tightened links between national economies, and reduced trading costs. International Dimensions of Monetary Policy brings together fresh research to address the repercussions of the continuing evolution toward globalization for the conduct of monetary policy. In this comprehensive book, the authors examine the real and potential effects of increased openness and exposure to international economic dynamics from a variety of perspectives. Their findings reveal that central banks continue to influence decisively domestic economic outcomes—even inflation—suggesting that international factors may have a limited role in national performance. International Dimensions of Monetary Policy will lead the way in analyzing monetary policy measures in complex economies.
Author: Laurent Ferrara
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319790757
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 300
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Book Description
This book collects selected articles addressing several currently debated issues in the field of international macroeconomics. They focus on the role of the central banks in the debate on how to come to terms with the long-term decline in productivity growth, insufficient aggregate demand, high economic uncertainty and growing inequalities following the global financial crisis. Central banks are of considerable importance in this debate since understanding the sluggishness of the recovery process as well as its implications for the natural interest rate are key to assessing output gaps and the monetary policy stance. The authors argue that a more dynamic domestic and external aggregate demand helps to raise the inflation rate, easing the constraint deriving from the zero lower bound and allowing monetary policy to depart from its current ultra-accommodative position. Beyond macroeconomic factors, the book also discusses a supportive financial environment as a precondition for the rebound of global economic activity, stressing that understanding capital flows is a prerequisite for economic-policy decisions.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Computer network resources
Languages : en
Pages : 300
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Author: Mr.Helge Berger
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1484340426
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 63
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Book Description
The paper makes an analytical contribution to the revived discussion about the euro area’s institutional setup. After significant progress during the euro crisis, the drive to complete Europe’s Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) had stalled, and the way forward will benefit from an in-depth look at the conceptual issues raised by the evolution and architecture of Europe, and the tradeoffs involved. A thorough look at the underlying economic issues suggests that in the long run, EMU will benefit from progressing along three mutually supporting tracks: introduce more fiscal risk sharing, helping to make the sovereign “no bailout” rule credible; complementary financial sector reforms to delink sovereigns and banks; and more effective rules to discourage moral hazard. This evolution would ensure that financial markets provide incentives for fiscal discipline. Introducing more fiscal union comes with myriad legal, technical, operational, and political problems, raising questions well beyond the remit of economics. But without decisive progress to foster fiscal risk sharing, EMU will continue to face existential risks.
Author: Davide Furceri
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1484334205
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 34
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Book Description
The aim of this paper is to assess the effectiveness of risk sharing mechanisms in the euro area and whether a supranational fiscal risk sharing mechanism could insure countries against very severe downturns. Using an unbalanced panel of 15 euro area countries over the period 1979-2010, the results of the paper show that: (i) the effectiveness of risk sharing mechanisms in the euro area is significantly lower than in existing federations (such as the U.S. and Germany) and (ii) it falls sharply in severe downturns just when it is needed most; (iii) a supranational fiscal stabilization mechanism, financed by a relatively small contribution, would be able to fully insure euro area countries against very severe, persistent and unanticipated downturns.
