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Author: Xavier Cirera
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464811849
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 268
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Book Description
Since Schumpeter, economists have argued that vast productivity gains can be achieved by investing in innovation and technological catch-up. Yet, as this volume documents, developing country firms and governments invest little to realize this potential, which dwarfs international aid flows. Using new data and original analytics, the authors uncover the key to this innovation paradox in the lack of complementary physical and human capital factors, particularly firm managerial capabilities, that are needed to reap the returns to innovation investments. Hence, countries need to rebalance policy away from R and D-centered initiatives †“ which are likely to fail in the absence of sophisticated private sector partners †“ toward building firm capabilities, and embrace an expanded concept of the National Innovation System that incorporates a broader range of market and systemic failures. The authors offer guidance on how to navigate the resulting innovation policy dilemma: as the need to redress these additional failures increases with distance from the frontier, government capabilities to formulate and implement the policy mix become weaker. This book is the first volume of the World Bank Productivity Project, which seeks to bring frontier thinking on the measurement and determinants of productivity to global policy makers.
Author: Xavier Cirera
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464811849
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 268
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Book Description
Since Schumpeter, economists have argued that vast productivity gains can be achieved by investing in innovation and technological catch-up. Yet, as this volume documents, developing country firms and governments invest little to realize this potential, which dwarfs international aid flows. Using new data and original analytics, the authors uncover the key to this innovation paradox in the lack of complementary physical and human capital factors, particularly firm managerial capabilities, that are needed to reap the returns to innovation investments. Hence, countries need to rebalance policy away from R and D-centered initiatives †“ which are likely to fail in the absence of sophisticated private sector partners †“ toward building firm capabilities, and embrace an expanded concept of the National Innovation System that incorporates a broader range of market and systemic failures. The authors offer guidance on how to navigate the resulting innovation policy dilemma: as the need to redress these additional failures increases with distance from the frontier, government capabilities to formulate and implement the policy mix become weaker. This book is the first volume of the World Bank Productivity Project, which seeks to bring frontier thinking on the measurement and determinants of productivity to global policy makers.
Author: UNESCO
Publisher: UNESCO Publishing
ISBN: 9231001299
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 818
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Book Description
There are fewer grounds today than in the past to deplore a North‑South divide in research and innovation. This is one of the key findings of the UNESCO Science Report: towards 2030. A large number of countries are now incorporating science, technology and innovation in their national development agenda, in order to make their economies less reliant on raw materials and more rooted in knowledge. Most research and development (R&D) is taking place in high-income countries, but innovation of some kind is now occurring across the full spectrum of income levels according to the first survey of manufacturing companies in 65 countries conducted by the UNESCO Institute for Statistics and summarized in this report. For many lower-income countries, sustainable development has become an integral part of their national development plans for the next 10–20 years. Among higher-income countries, a firm commitment to sustainable development is often coupled with the desire to maintain competitiveness in global markets that are increasingly leaning towards ‘green’ technologies. The quest for clean energy and greater energy efficiency now figures among the research priorities of numerous countries. Written by more than 50 experts who are each covering the country or region from which they hail, the UNESCO Science Report: towards 2030 provides more country-level information than ever before. The trends and developments in science, technology and innovation policy and governance between 2009 and mid-2015 described here provide essential baseline information on the concerns and priorities of countries that could orient the implementation and drive the assessment of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in the years to come.
Author: V. Srinivas
Publisher: Vij Books India Pvt Ltd
ISBN: 9388161637
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 363
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Book Description
From one of India's senior Civil Servants, a brilliant analysis of the critical moments in India's economic history and the future of multilateralism in the International Monetary Fund that could decide the future of global crisis resolution. V. Srinivas – distinguished Additional Secretary to Government of India, former Advisor to the Executive Director International Monetary Fund and Private Secretary to Finance Minister of India, a widely acclaimed administrator and academician – provides a comprehensive analysis of several big events that stand out in India's relations with the International Monetary Fund based on 17 months of research and interviews. India's Relations with the International Monetary Fund 1991-2016 provides insights into India's role as a Founding Member of the IMF, India's IMF programs of 1966, 1981 and 1991, India's gold purchases from the IMF in 2010, the rise of G20 and India's emergence as the fastest growing major economy in the world. V. Srinivas highlights the role of the IMF as the lender of last resort, the IMF as an institution of asymmetric power in dealing with member countries, the enhanced role of the IMF post-2008 Global Financial Crisis and the Rise of China in the International Monetary System. “India's relations with International Monetary Fund 1991-2016: 25 years in perspective” is the first comprehensive study on the subject that offers deep insights into an Institution that has influenced the global economy in a significant way.
Author: World Tourism Organization
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789284414437
Category : Financial crises
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The 2009 global economic crisis has significantly impacted international tourism, causing a decline in international tourist arrivals and international tourism revenues. This study looks into the effects of the decrease in international tourism demand on the employment, income opportunities and the livelihood of poor and vulnerable groups, as well as on the capacity of households to cope with such shocks. The report combines a comparative large-N macro-economic analysis with case studies on the Maldives, Costa Rica and Tanzania.
Author: International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1498340008
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 104
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Book Description
This supplement presents the analytical frameworks underlying the IMF’s staff’s enhanced policy analysis and advice to resource-rich developing countries (RRDCs). The proposed macro-fiscal models, which are applied to selected country or regional cases, are aimed at addressing questions regarding how to deal with resource revenue uncertainty and how to scale up spending within relevant frameworks that ensure fiscal and external sustainability while addressing absorptive capacity constraints. The country applications confirm the importance attached by both IMF staff and country authorities of using the appropriate macro-fiscal frameworks to address the specific challenges faced by RRDCs.
Author: Jennifer Erin Salahub
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351254707
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 212
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Book Description
While cities often act as the engines of economic growth for developing countries, they are also frequently the site of growing violence, poverty, and inequality. Yet, social theory, largely developed and tested in the Global North, is often inadequate in tackling the realities of life in the dangerous parts of cities in the Global South. Drawing on the findings of an ambitious five-year, 15-project research programme, Social Theories of Urban Violence in the Global South offers a uniquely Southern perspective on the violence–poverty–inequalities dynamics in cities of the Global South. Through their research, urban violence experts based in low- and middle-income countries demonstrate how "urban violence" means different things to different people in different places. While some researchers adopt or adapt existing theoretical and conceptual frameworks, others develop and test new theories, each interpreting and operationalizing the concept of urban violence in the particular context in which they work. In particular, the book highlights the links between urban violence, poverty, and inequalities based on income, class, gender, and other social cleavages. Providing important new perspectives from the Global South, this book will be of interest to policymakers, academics, and students with an interest in violence and exclusion in the cities of developing countries.
Author: Vishal Narain
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1317560205
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 257
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Book Description
Globalization has significantly redefined the nature of governance in the water sector. Non-state actors—multilateral and transnational donor agencies and corporations, non-government organizations, markets, and civil society at large—are assuming a bigger role in public policy-making for water resource management. New discourses on neoliberalism, integrated water resource management (IWRM), public–private partnerships, privatization, and gender equity have come to influence water governance. Drawing upon detailed case studies from India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and Bhutan, this volume shows the implications of these new global paradigms for water allocation and management practices, institutions and governance structures in South Asia. It suggests that, despite claims to the contrary, they have done little to further human well-being, reduce gender disparity, or improve accountability and transparency in the system. Steering away from blueprint approaches, it argues for a more nuanced and contextual understanding of water management challenges, based on local knowledge and initiatives. This book will be useful to those interested in political economy and water governance, natural resource management, environmental studies, development studies, and public administration, as well as to water professionals, policy-makers and civil society activists.
Author: UNESCO
Publisher: UNESCO Publishing
ISBN: 9231004506
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 757
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Book Description
Author: United Nations
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789210586313
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: R. Edward Freeman
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319627856
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 402
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Book Description
This book offers a case-study approach to stakeholder theory that moves beyond theoretical analysis to the applied. As stakeholder theory has moved into the mainstream of management thinking in business ethics and a number of the management disciplines, there is an increasing need to explore the subtleties of stakeholder engagement via examples from practice. The case studies in this volume explore a number of aspects of the idea of stakeholder engagement, via the method of clinical case studies. Edited by leading scholars in the field of business ethics and stakeholder theory, this text affords a solid grounding in theory, brought to new levels of applied understanding of stakeholder engagement.
