Author: Khairunnisa Binte Yahya
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 491

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Author: Timothy William Glotfelty
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 20

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Author: Douw G. Steyn
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9048138124
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 608

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Book Description
Recent developments in air pollution modelling are explored as a series of contributions from researchers at the forefront of their field. This book on air pollution modelling and its application is focused on local, urban, regional and intercontinental modelling; data assimilation and air quality forecasting; model assessment and evaluation; aerosol transformation; the relationship between air quality and human health and the effects of climate change on air quality. It consists of a series of papers that were presented at the 30th NATO/SPS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modelling and its Application held in San Francisco, U.S.A., May 18-22, 2009. It is intended as reference material for students and professors interested in air pollution modelling at the graduate level as well as researchers and professionals involved in developing and utilizing air pollution models.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Gas/particle mass transfer process plays an important role in determining aerosol mass concentrations and shaping aerosol size distribution. Its treatments in three dimensional (3-D) Air Quality Models (AQMs), however, are largely uncertain. In this thesis work, the gas/particle mass transfer approaches in an aerosol module are improved and evaluated to identify an accurate yet computationally efficient approach for use in 3-D AQMs. The aerosol module with the improved gas/particle mass transfer approaches has been incorporated into a state-of-science air quality forecasting (AQF) system and evaluated with two 3-D applications. Several stand alone condensation schemes used in AQMs are first evaluated with a hypothetical condensation-only case. The original formulation of the Bott scheme as implemented in several AQMs is found to be subject to upstream diffusion thus does not warrant continuous use without modifications. The analytical predictor of condensation with a moving center approach (APC_MC) is shown to be more accurate than the Bott and Trajectory-Grid (T-G) condensation schemes, thus has been incorporated into the Model of Aerosol Dynamics, Reaction, Ionization and Dissolution (MADRID) to solve the gas/particle mass transfer process explicitly. The improved hybrid (i.e., hybrid/APC_MC) and kinetic (i.e., kinetic/APC_MC) approaches and the pre-existing bulk equilibrium approach in MADRID are tested using observational data. The hybrid/APC_MC and kinetic/APC_MC are recommended for 3-D applications due to the best compromise between accuracy and computational efficiency. The improved MADRID has been incorporated into WRF/Chem (referred to as WRF/Chem-MADRID hereafter). WRF/Chem-MADRID with three gas/particle mass transfer approaches (i.e., bulk equilibrium (EQUI), hybrid/APC_MC (HYBR), and kinetic/APC_MC (KINE)) has been tested and evaluated with a 5-day episode from the TexAQS-2000. WRF/Chem-MADRID simulates meteorological parameters fairly well. Simulated ho.

Author: Negin Sobhani
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air
Languages : en
Pages : 191

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This dissertation also focuses on applications, performance analysis, and optimization of meteorology and air quality modeling forecasting models. This dissertation presents several modeling studies with various scales to better understand transport of aerosols from different geographical sources and economic sectors (i.e. transportation, residential, industry, biomass burning, and power) and quantify their climate impacts. The simulations are evaluated using various observations including ground site measurements, field campaigns, and satellite data. The sector-based modeling studies elucidated the importance of various economical sector and geographical regions on global air quality and the climatic impacts associated with BC. This dissertation provides the policy makers with some implications to inform emission mitigation policies in order to target source sectors and regions with highest impacts. Furthermore, advances were made to better understand the impacts of light absorbing particles on climate and surface albedo. Finally, for improving the modeling speed, the performances of the models are analyzed, and optimizations were proposed for improving the computational efficiencies of the models. Theses optimizations show a significant improvement in the performance of Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) and WRF-Chem models. The modified codes were validated and incorporated back into the WRF source code to benefit all WRF users. Although weather and air quality models are shown to be an excellent means for forecasting applications both for local and hemispheric scale, further studies are needed to optimize the models and improve the performance of the simulations.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 25

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Author: Steven P. DeNero
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781267967909
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Regional source contributions to primary and secondary airborne particulate matter concentrations in California's Central Valley were simulated with a source-oriented air quality modeling system that included feedbacks between source-oriented particles and meteorological parameters. The modeling system utilized in this study was developed from heavy alteration of open-source Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem). In this study WRF-Chem was altered at every code-structural level to create a source-oriented, size-resolved, photochemical version named the Source Oriented WRF-Chem (SOWC) model. Source apportionment calculations were performed with the SOWC model for 8 particle size fractions ranging from 0.01 - 10 [mu]m particle diameters with a spatial resolution of 4km and hourly time resolution. Primary and secondary source contributions were resolved for diesel engines, wood smoke, high sulfate combustion, food cooking, and other anthropogenic sources throughout central California. A three-week stagnation episode (December 15, 2000 to January 7, 2001) during the California Regional PM10/PM2.5 Air Quality Study (CRPAQS) was chosen for the initial application of the new modeling system. A statistical comparison of how the SOWC model performs against measured trends was conducted. SOWC model runs configured to track 5 particle sources individually through the atmosphere were compared with internally mixed runs in which chemical composition of all particles with the same size were averaged. The biases in the SOWC model calculations were compared to the bias from a modeling system composed of the standard WRF meteorological model combined with an offline reactive chemical transport model. The amount of time required to dissipate initial conditions and an error in the time variable used to calculate photochemical rate constants, which was introduced through the use of a restart file, narrowed the analysis period for all aspects of the model calculations to December 20-22, 2000 in the current study. Non-photochemical pollutant species were not significantly affected by the restart-file issue and these species were compared to observations throughout the study period. Concentrations of primary particulate matter components (emitted directly from a source) predicted by the internal vs. source-oriented external SOWC model differed by less than 1% in the current study. Secondary particulate matter components (formed by atmospheric chemical reactions) predicted by the internal vs. source-oriented external versions of the model also showed little contrast (

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 22

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Author: Clemens Mensink
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030220559
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 490

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Book Description
Current developments in air pollution modeling are explored as a series of contributions from researchers at the forefront of their field. This newest contribution on air pollution modeling and its application is focused on local, urban, regional and intercontinental modeling; emission modeling and processing; data assimilation and air quality forecasting; model assessment and evaluation; atmospheric aerosols. Additionally, this work also examines the relationship between air quality and human health and the effects of climate change on air quality. This work is a collection of selected papers presented at the 36th International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and its Application, held in Ottawa, Canada, May 14-18, 2018. The book is intended as reference material for students and professors interested in air pollution modeling at the graduate level as well as researchers and professionals involved in developing and utilizing air pollution models.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description
Atmospheric particles, WRF-Chem, regional modeling.