Recovery of Heavy Metals from Chrome-plating Rinse Wastewater by Reverse Osmosis PDF Download
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Author: Nagaretnam Keethanchali
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Heavy metals
Languages : en
Pages : 214
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Book Description
Wastewater produced by industries contains harmful and toxic metals which danger the receiving water. Chrome - plating rinse water which contains chromium is very toxic to the enviroment. Reverse osmosis is used with the tubular module B1 membrane to reduce the chromium, manganese, lead and copper to a reasonable level which is less harmful. Chromium (Cr) is reduced by 87.9% while Lead (Pb) is reduced by 94.3% followed by Manganese (Mn) by 85.7% and Copper (Cu) by 91.9%. the fluxrate increase with tranmembrane pressure from 43 l/m2. Hr at 40 bar 60 l/m2 with a TDS of 2689 mg/l. The permeate flux was directly proportional to the transmembrane pressure which follows the Resistance Model. This method is quite appropriate for Lead (Pb), copper (Cu) and chromium (Cr) reduction. Nowadays reverse osmosis is gaining interest in the industries which produce wastewater containing high concentration of heavy metals.
Author: Nagaretnam Keethanchali
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Heavy metals
Languages : en
Pages : 214
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Book Description
Wastewater produced by industries contains harmful and toxic metals which danger the receiving water. Chrome - plating rinse water which contains chromium is very toxic to the enviroment. Reverse osmosis is used with the tubular module B1 membrane to reduce the chromium, manganese, lead and copper to a reasonable level which is less harmful. Chromium (Cr) is reduced by 87.9% while Lead (Pb) is reduced by 94.3% followed by Manganese (Mn) by 85.7% and Copper (Cu) by 91.9%. the fluxrate increase with tranmembrane pressure from 43 l/m2. Hr at 40 bar 60 l/m2 with a TDS of 2689 mg/l. The permeate flux was directly proportional to the transmembrane pressure which follows the Resistance Model. This method is quite appropriate for Lead (Pb), copper (Cu) and chromium (Cr) reduction. Nowadays reverse osmosis is gaining interest in the industries which produce wastewater containing high concentration of heavy metals.
Author: Boon Yan See
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Heavy metals
Languages : en
Pages : 244
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Author: Industrial Environmental Research Laboratory (Cincinnati, Ohio)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electroplating
Languages : en
Pages : 80
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Book Description
Author: Daniel Wiemken
Publisher: diplom.de
ISBN: 3836644703
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 131
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Book Description
Inhaltsangabe:Introduction: Rapid industrialisation and growth in population over the past two hundred years exert an increasing pressure on natural resources and the environment. Billions of tons of controlled and scheduled waste are generated every year by the industrial sector worldwide which is often either pre-treated on-site or at a licensed contractor prior to disposal in landfills. This practice if continued is leading to resource depletion and creates a potentially harmful legacy for future generations. In order to move towards a more sustainable development as outlined in the Bruntland Report, waste reduction, reuse and recycling coupled with pollution prevention measures play an important part to slow down if not reverse this practice. Heavy metals such as cadmium, mercury, lead and chromium are not degradable or renewable like biomass hence if they are to be used in future processes reuse and recycling are the only options. At present, heavy metals are used in the chemical industry sector for applications ranging from batteries to catalysts and surface coatings, and can be found at various concentrations in gaseous, liquid or solid waste. Chromium is of particular interest owing to its legislative status and unique chemistry. Chromium exists in nature primarily in one of two oxidation states. There are other chemical oxidation states of chromium, which include 0, II, IV, and V, but they are considered transitory compared to more stable Cr(III) and Cr(VI) species. Hexavalent chromium is a strong oxidizer which can react with DNA causing mutation, while the trivalent, organically complex form is a dietary supplement to help with proper glucose metabolism, weight loss and muscle tone. Unlike many other metals, Cr(VI) can combine with oxygen to form water-soluble, negatively charged anions known as yellow chromate (CrO42-) or orange dichromate (Cr2O72-), which adsorb to positively charged sites in contrast to cationic metal species. Therefore, hexavalent chromium species are not strongly bonded in many soils under alkaline to slightly acidic conditions, for example. Thus, they can be very mobile in subsurface environment while other metals precipitated out and exert toxic effects on biological systems. Various well-established methods may be used to treat industrial effluents and contaminated water such as reduction and precipitation, reverse osmosis, evaporation, ion exchange and adsorption. While these processes are able to remove [...]
Author: Leonard N. Elicker
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chromium-plating
Languages : en
Pages : 56
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Book Description
Author: DIANE Publishing Company
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 0788129112
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 76
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Metal-work
Languages : en
Pages : 160
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Author: Winston Ho
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461535484
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 957
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Book Description
Membrane processes have wide industrial ap This handbook reviews the published litera plications covering many existing and emerging ture, presents an in-depth description of com uses in the chemical, petrochemical, petroleum, mercialized membrane processes, and gives a state-of-the-art review of new membrane pro environmental, water treatment, pharmaceutic al, medical, food, dairy, beverage, paper, tex cess concepts under development. It is intended tile, and electronic industries. The existing ap to be a single source of underlying principles, membranes, membrane modules, process de plications include: (1) dialysis for the purifica tion of human blood (the artificial kidney), (2) sign, applications, and cost estimates. It is also electrodialysis for the desalination of brackish a first attempt to bridge the gap between the water to produce potable water, (3) reverse theory and practice. osmosis for the desalination of seawater, (4) There are several groups which may benefit ultrafiltration for the concentration of large pro from this handbook. It can be used as educa tein molecules from cheese, casein whey, and tional material for industrial personnel engaged milk, and (5) microfiltration for the sterilization in membrane separations. For scientists and of pharmaceutical and medical products, beer, engineers active in research and development in wine, and soft drinks. Since membrane pro synthetic membranes, it will serve as a single cesses generally have low capital investment, as source of reference for the entire field.
Author: Jerome O. Nriagu
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 9780471856436
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 602
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Book Description
Provides a comprehensive chemical and biochemical treatment on the effects of chromium in the environment and in man. Such an integrated treatment of the chemical and biochemical aspects of chromium is novel and has not appeared in the published literature. Reviews the information on global cycling and environmental occurrence of chromium compounds, which defines the extent of the environmental and toxicological concern. The treatment of chromium chemistry provides the basis for toxicological models of chromium hypersensitivity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, and toxicokinetics. Chapters contain graphical representations of the voluminous mutagenicity and animal carcinogenicity data according to chromium compound type, and a tabular summary of all published epidemiological data, broken down according to industry. Also covers clinical patterns, prognosis, pathogenesis, prophylaxis, and environmental and biological monitoring.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 106
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