Reconciling the Pattern of Trade with the Pattern of Migration PDF Download
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Author: James E. Rauch
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Brain drain
Languages : en
Pages : 50
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Book Description
Empirical studies have consistently found that skilled-labor abundant countries tend to export skilled-labor intensive manufactured goods. Yet these countries also have higher wages for skilled workers, causing them to be net importers through migration of skilled labor from unskilled-labor abundant countries (the "brain drain"). A new explanation is presented for this combination of comparative and absolute advantage in skilled-labor abundant countries: if only skilled (educated) individuals can become managers, then given the same underlying distribution of managerial talent the country that is more poorly endowed with skilled labor must use a less talented manager at the margin in order to fully employ its work force. This causes wages for unskilled workers and skilled individuals who choose to become employees to be lower in the unskilled-labor abundant country while incomes of skilled individuals talented enough to become managers are lower (for a given talent level) in the skilled-labor abundant country. The consequences of the resulting migration of unskilled and skilled employees to the skilled-labor abundant country and managers to the unskilled-labor abundant country are then examined. There are several surprises: for example, migration of unskilled labor to the skilled-labor abundant country leads to a fall in the wages of both unskilled and skilled workers there and a rise in the wages of both unskilled and skilled workers in the country of origin
Author: James E. Rauch
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Brain drain
Languages : en
Pages : 50
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Book Description
Empirical studies have consistently found that skilled-labor abundant countries tend to export skilled-labor intensive manufactured goods. Yet these countries also have higher wages for skilled workers, causing them to be net importers through migration of skilled labor from unskilled-labor abundant countries (the "brain drain"). A new explanation is presented for this combination of comparative and absolute advantage in skilled-labor abundant countries: if only skilled (educated) individuals can become managers, then given the same underlying distribution of managerial talent the country that is more poorly endowed with skilled labor must use a less talented manager at the margin in order to fully employ its work force. This causes wages for unskilled workers and skilled individuals who choose to become employees to be lower in the unskilled-labor abundant country while incomes of skilled individuals talented enough to become managers are lower (for a given talent level) in the skilled-labor abundant country. The consequences of the resulting migration of unskilled and skilled employees to the skilled-labor abundant country and managers to the unskilled-labor abundant country are then examined. There are several surprises: for example, migration of unskilled labor to the skilled-labor abundant country leads to a fall in the wages of both unskilled and skilled workers there and a rise in the wages of both unskilled and skilled workers in the country of origin
Author: Roger White
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 1849807213
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 233
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Book Description
This unique book synthesizes and extends the immigrant trade literature and provides comprehensive coverage of this timely and important topic. In that vein, the author contributes to the understanding of the relationship between immigration and trade and sheds light on a noteworthy aspect of globalization that both confronts policymakers with challenges and offers the potential to overcome them. Roger White documents the pro-trade influences that immigrants have on US imports from, and exports to, their respective home countries. Variations in the immigrant trade link are addressed, as are the underlying factors that may determine the existence and operability of that link. The findings have direct implications for US immigration policy, suggesting that too few immigrants are currently admitted to the country and that a more liberal immigration policy may enhance social welfare. This book contains valuable economic analyses for undergraduates, postgraduates, researchers, educated laypersons and practitioners who are interested in public policy, international trade and economics, migration studies, international relations and globalization.
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264180419
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 194
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Book Description
This conference proceedings highlights the contrasts which characterise the demographic and economic situations in Central and Eastern Europe, in the Mediterranean Basin, in North America and in Asia.
Author: John Cunningham Wood
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 9780415310628
Category : Biography & Autobiography
Languages : en
Pages : 488
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Book Description
Samuelson is a key figure in economic thinking. This gathers the essential assessments of this important economist, and provides an unparalleled insight into his lasting impact on economics.
Author: Philippe Aghion
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0444520430
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 839
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Book Description
Featuring survey articles by leading economists working on growth theory, this two-volume set covers theories of economic growth, the empirics of economic growth, and growth policies and mechanisms. It also covers technology, trade and geography, and growth and socio-economic development.
Author: Alessandra Venturini
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139453165
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 302
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Book Description
Managing migration promises to be one of the most difficult challenges of the twenty-first century. It will be even more difficult for south European countries, from which emigration has levelled off and to which immigration has become a significant economic issue. Southern Europe is close to other regions where the pressure to emigrate is intense: these regions have a high level of unemployment, above the European Union average, and a large informal sector, often 15-25 per cent of their economies as a whole. This book analyses the southern European migration case using an economic approach. It combines a theoretical and an empirical approach on the fundamental migration issues - the decision to migrate, effects on the country of departure and country of destination, and the effectiveness of policies in managing migration. It also explores the transformation due to migration of southern European countries in the 1980s and 1990s.
Author: Robert E. Baldwin
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 0226036553
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 560
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Book Description
People passionately disagree about the nature of the globalization process. The failure of both the 1999 and 2003 World Trade Organization's (WTO) ministerial conferences in Seattle and Cancun, respectively, have highlighted the tensions among official, international organizations like the WTO, the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank, nongovernmental and private sector organizations, and some developing country governments. These tensions are commonly attributed to longstanding disagreements over such issues as labor rights, environmental standards, and tariff-cutting rules. In addition, developing countries are increasingly resentful of the burdens of adjustment placed on them that they argue are not matched by commensurate commitments from developed countries. Challenges to Globalization evaluates the arguments of pro-globalists and anti-globalists regarding issues such as globalization's relationship to democracy, its impact on the environment and on labor markets including the brain drain, sweat shop labor, wage levels, and changes in production processes, and the associated expansion of trade and its effects on prices. Baldwin, Winters, and the contributors to this volume look at multinational firms, foreign investment, and mergers and acquisitions and present surprising findings that often run counter to the claim that multinational firms primarily seek countries with low wage labor. The book closes with papers on financial opening and on the relationship between international economic policies and national economic growth rates.
Author: Rajat Acharyya
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Increase in trade has an asymmetric impact on emigration by skill types for a developing country. Cost of migration is a dynamic function of the type of emigration, and it determines a complementary relation between emigration of skilled workers and expansion of trade. Emigration of unskilled workers is a substitute, however, and these outcomes coexist with endogenously determined emigration rates that depend crucially on wage responses among the own skill types at the source. Additionally, asymmetric emigration patterns increase wage inequality.
Author: Harry P. Bowen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Book Description
Studies routinely document that the nature of immigrant employment is largely specific: it often concentrates in non-traded goods sectors and many immigrants often have low inter-sectoral mobility. We consider these observed characteristics of immigrant employment for the question of how immigration affects a nation's pattern of production and trade. We model an economy producing three goods; one is non-traded. Domestic labor and capital are domestically mobile but internationally immobile. Any new wave of immigration is assumed to comprise some workers who will become specific to the nontraded goods sector. The model indicates that the output and trade effects of immigration depend importantly on the sectoral pattern of employment of existing and new immigrants. Empirical investigation in a panel dataset of OECD countries supports the models prediction that immigration raises the output of non-traded goods. Consistent with the model, we also find that immigration and trade are complements. The implications of the model and empirical findings for immigration policy are then discussed.
Author: Roger White
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 0857930672
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 329
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Book Description
This essential volume examines the influence of immigrants on the process of international economic integration specifically, their influences on bilateral and multilateral trade flows. It extends beyond the identification and explanation of the immigrant trade link and offers a more expansive treatment of the subject matter, making it the most comprehensive volume of its kind. The authors present abundant evidence that supports the notion that immigrants exert positive influences on trade between their home and host countries and demonstrate that while the immigrant trade link may not be universal, the operability of the link depends on the conditions with which immigrants the world over are met. Applying the augmented gravity model to data on trade and migration, International Migration and Economic Integration provides answers to the following questions: Do immigrants exert positive influences on trade between their respective host and home countries? Are the effects of immigrants on trade homogenous across different immigrant entry classifications? Do the influences of immigrants on trade in goods extend to trade in services? Are these influences homogenous across product types and industry/sector classifications? Do differences in relative levels of economic and/or social development for immigrants host and/or home countries affect the existence or the magnitude of the immigrant trade link? Have immigration policies and changes in such policies influenced the immigrant-trade relationship? Do cultural differences between immigrants home and host countries inhibit trade flows and, if so, to what extent do the pro-trade influences of immigrants counter the trade-inhibiting effects of cultural distance? Is there variation in the pro-trade influences of immigrants across migration corridors? Is the influence of immigrants on trade conditional on the volume of trade taking place between their host and home countries? Are the effects of immigrants (emigrants) on trade universal? What factors/conditions correlate with the existence and operability of the immigrant trade relationship? Though ideally suited to advanced undergraduate and graduate students in international trade, international economics, public policy, sociology and international relations and their professors, this engaging work will also be relevant for anyone outside of academia who is interested in public policy, immigration, or international relations.
