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Author: Ahmed M. Maghraby
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 1839628847
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 163
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Book Description
Ionizing radiation can be found everywhere; in the Earth, inside buildings, in space, in the food we eat, and even inside our bodies. It is of much importance to know more about radiation and how it can improve human life, including how to make use of it and how to avoid its harm. This book covers several topics on ionizing radiation to enrich our knowledge about its applications and effects.
Author: Ahmed M. Maghraby
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 1839628847
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 163
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Book Description
Ionizing radiation can be found everywhere; in the Earth, inside buildings, in space, in the food we eat, and even inside our bodies. It is of much importance to know more about radiation and how it can improve human life, including how to make use of it and how to avoid its harm. This book covers several topics on ionizing radiation to enrich our knowledge about its applications and effects.
Author: Tamar Reeve
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781536135398
Category : Ionizing radiation
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
In this compilation, the authors examine the importance of ionizing radiations for thermoluminescence dosimetry that is the current area of research for medical and industrial purposes. Ionizing radiations are harmful to the human body, so, there is a need to measure small doses in the environment as well as very high doses at the time of accident like radiation leakage and for the treatment of cancer. Next, recent advances regarding effects on exposure of some foods to ionizing radiations are presented. The dosage required for complete sterilization may, at times, lead to undesirable changes in food flavours or may exceed the permitted levels. Combining irradiation with other treatments yields satisfactory results in these cases. Combined applications of ionizing radiation with heat, low temperature, high hydrostatic pressure, and modified atmospheres are also discussed. Later, new results concerning cell survival and genetic instability of wild-type and radiosensitive yeast cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae surviving after irradiation with 60Co γ-rays, 239Pu α-particles and 254 nm UV light are presented. Survival was determined by cell ability to produce macrocolonies on a solid nutrient medium. The authors also review data on the radiation resistance of AlGaN/GaN and InAlN/GaN High Electron Mobility Transistors (HEMTs) as well as emerging Ga2O3 photodetectors and rectifiers to different types of ionizing radiation. Both of these wide bandgap semiconductor (nitride-based and gallium oxide-based) materials are much more radiation-hard than GaAs or Si and this is largely a result of their high bond strengths. By using the test system of blood lymphocytes of healthy individuals, the following paper presents the co-mutagenic (potentiating) effect of the drugs a calcium channel blocker verapamil and an antioxidant ascorbic acid-on the radiosensitivity of cells. It was found that when the lymphocytes are irradiated in a small dose (0.3 Gy), ascorbic acid (80.0 μg / blood) and verapamil (4.0 μg / ml blood) increase the frequency of chromosomal aberrations in comparison with the radiation effect by 75 and 62, 5% respectively. Afterwards, the experimental data of the effects of temperature, light intensity, background ionizing and non-ionizing radiation on physicochemical properties of water, water solution and cell function are presented. Considering the fact that the cell membrane permeability for water is more than 10 times higher than for inorganic ions, it is hypothesized that, upon the effect of chemical and physical factors, the changes of net water efflux through the membrane precede the activation of ionic fluxes in the membrane. Also in this compilation, a study is included which investigated the modifying effect of astaxanthin on radiation induced genome damages in cultivating human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). The study indicated that astaxanthin in concentration of 20.0 �g/ml demonstrated evident radioprotective properties by reduction of the ChA level, decreasing of DNA damages and increasing of the apoptotic rate. In the last chapter, the authors present some works that study the causes of the high resistance of IRRB to ionizing radiation. Then we focus on presenting in silico approaches that use protein sequences of bacteria in order to predict if an unknown bacterium belongs to IRRB or ionizing-radiationsensitive bacteria (IRSB).
Author: Committee for Review and Evaluation of the Medical Use Program of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309588758
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 322
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Book Description
Does radiation medicine need more regulation or simply better-coordinated regulation? This book addresses this and other questions of critical importance to public health and safety. The issues involved are high on the nation's agenda: the impact of radiation on public safety, the balance between federal and state authority, and the cost-benefit ratio of regulation. Although incidents of misadministration are rare, a case in Pennsylvania resulting in the death of a patient and the inadvertent exposure of others to a high dose of radiation drew attention to issues concerning the regulation of ionizing radiation in medicine and the need to examine current regulatory practices. Written at the request from the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), Radiation in Medicine reviews the regulation of ionizing radiation in medicine, focusing on the NRC's Medical Use Program, which governs the use of reactor-generated byproduct materials. The committee recommends immediate action on enforcement and provides longer term proposals for reform of the regulatory system. The volume covers Sources of radiation and their use in medicine. Levels of risk to patients, workers, and the public. Current roles of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, other federal agencies, and states. Criticisms from the regulated community. The committee explores alternative regulatory structures for radiation medicine and explains the rationale for the option it recommends in this volume. Based on extensive research, input from the regulated community, and the collaborative efforts of experts from a range of disciplines, Radiation in Medicine will be an important resource for federal and state policymakers and regulators, health professionals involved in radiation treatment, developers and producers of radiation equipment, insurance providers, and concerned laypersons.
Author: Ahmed M. Maghraby
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9535131613
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 226
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Book Description
Gamma radiation has been discovered since more than a century and contributed in many achievements in human life. Continuous developments make it necessary to have more understandings and more discussions about well-established concepts as well as newly implemented hypothesis and applications of gamma rays. This book presents new visions of gamma ray spectrometry and applications. I hope this book can present part of the useful applications of gamma rays.
Author: Tamar Reeve
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781536135404
Category : SCIENCE
Languages : en
Pages : 276
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Book Description
Author: Mitsuru Nenoi
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9535121677
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 318
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Book Description
The industrial and medical applications of radiation have been augmented and scientific insight into mechanisms for radiation action notably progressed. In addition, the public concern about radiation risk has also grown extensively. Today the importance of risk communication among stakeholders involved in radiation-related issues is emphasized much more than any time in the past. Thus, the circumstances of radiation research have drastically changed, and the demand for a novel approach to radiation-related issues is increasing. It is thought that the publication of the book Evolution of Ionizing Radiation Research at this time would have enormous impacts on the society. The editor believes that technical experts would find a variety of new ideas and hints in this book that would be helpful to them to tackle ionizing radiation.
Author: William J. Cooper
Publisher: Wiley-Interscience
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 760
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Book Description
A unique opportunity to learn about the most important developments in environmental applications of ionizing radiation This book makes it easy for scientists and engineers to acquaint themselves with the state of the art in ionizing radiation techniques for pollution control, environmental cleanup, and waste processing. With contributions by more than 100 researchers working in industry, academia, and government, it reports from around the world on the most important recent advances in the field. From the latest refinements in electron beam technology to new techniques for the purification of flue gases, and from radiation recycling of rubber wastes to radiation-induced cleanup of water and wastewater, this valuable resource covers all established and emerging environmental applications of ionizing radiation. The only book available in English to focus exclusively on the subject, Environmental Applications of Ionizing Radiation belongs in the working library of every aspiring or practicing scientist or engineer concerned with environmental pollution. Radiation has long been used in food processing, medical device sterilization, and polymer production, but only recently has it begun to be widely accepted as a valued component in environmental cleanup initiatives. The growing popularity of radiation as a means of neutralizing both natural and synthetic contaminants is due, in great part, to impressive results recently achieved by researchers worldwide using ionizing radiation methods, especially those involving electron beam techniques. Despite these many successes, there continues to be a conspicuous poverty of professional references on the subject. Environmental Applications of Ionizing Radiation fills that gap. Environmental Applications of Ionizing Radiation brings together contributions by more than 100 leading scientists from the Americas, Europe, and Asia. The first English-language text devoted exclusively to this exciting growth area, it affords readers a unique opportunity to acquaint themselves with state-of-the-art applications of ionizing radiation for solving environmental remediation problems. Featuring many fascinating and informative case studies from around the world, it brings scientists and engineers quickly in line with the latest advances in: * Electron beam design * Flue gas treatment using electron beams * Ionizing radiation in pollution control * Irradiation treatment of industrial wastes * Irradiation treatment of soil and biosolids * Irradiation and photocatalytic processes * New and emerging applications of ionizing radiation. Environmental Applications of Ionizing Radiation is a valuable working resource for civil, chemical, and environmental engineers and scientists involved with pollution control, water treatment, and natural and industrial waste treatment. It also belongs on the syllabuses of all graduate-level engineering courses in air and water management.
Author: Margherita Venturi
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319541455
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 309
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Book Description
The series Topics in Current Chemistry Collections presents critical reviews from the journal Topics in Current Chemistry organized in topical volumes. The scope of coverage is all areas of chemical science including the interfaces with related disciplines such as biology, medicine and materials science. The goal of each thematic volume is to give the non-specialist reader, whether in academia or industry, a comprehensive insight into an area where new research is emerging which is of interest to a larger scientific audience. Each review within the volume critically surveys one aspect of that topic and places it within the context of the volume as a whole. The most significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years are presented using selected examples to illustrate the principles discussed. The coverage is not intended to be an exhaustive summary of the field or include large quantities of data, but should rather be conceptual, concentrating on the methodological thinking that will allow the non-specialist reader to understand the information presented. Contributions also offer an outlook on potential future developments in the field.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309176115
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 107
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Book Description
Over the past several decades, public concern over exposure to ionizing radiation has increased. This concern has manifested itself in different ways depending on the perception of risk to different individuals and different groups and the circumstances of their exposure. One such group are those U.S. servicemen (the "Atomic Veterans" who participated in the atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons at the Nevada Test Site or in the Pacific Proving Grounds, who served with occupation forces in or near Hiroshima and Nagasaki, or who were prisoners of war in or near those cities at the time of, or shortly after, the atomic bombings. This book addresses the feasibility of conducting an epidemiologic study to determine if there is an increased risk of adverse reproductive outcomes in the spouses, children, and grandchildren of the Atomic Veterans.
Author: D.V. Gopinath
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN: 1527558320
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 349
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Book Description
This book provides a comprehensive account of the developments and current status in several fields of the application of radioactivity and ionising radiation. It covers such topics as radiation-based techniques, radiation’s applications in medicine, food and agriculture, its impact on industry, and its associated materials. The book will be of interest to a wide variety of readers including professionals in radiation medicine, industrial processes, food preservation, and agriculture.
