Reasoning and Choice

Reasoning and Choice PDF Author: Paul M. Sniderman
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521407700
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 328

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Book Description
A major new theoretical explanation of how ordinary people decide what to favour and what to oppose politically.

Reasoning and Choice

Reasoning and Choice PDF Author: Paul M. Sniderman
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521407700
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 328

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Book Description
A major new theoretical explanation of how ordinary people decide what to favour and what to oppose politically.

Beliefs, Reasoning, and Decision Making

Beliefs, Reasoning, and Decision Making PDF Author: Roger C. Schank
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1134781628
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 437

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Book Description
It is not unusual for a festschrift to include offerings from several areas of study, but it is highly unusual for those areas to cross disciplinary lines. This book, in doing just that, is a testimony to Bob Abelson's impact on the disciplines of social psychology, artificial intelligence and cognitive science, and the applied areas of political psychology and decision-making. The contributors demonstrate that their association with Abelson, whether as students or colleagues, has resulted in an impressive intellectual cross-fertilization.

Studies in Public Opinion

Studies in Public Opinion PDF Author: Willem E. Saris
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 9780691119038
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 380

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Book Description
Building on and reaching beyond themes in the work of Philip Converse, one of the pioneers in the study of public opinion, Studies in Public Opinion brings together a group of leading American and European social scientists to explore a number of new factors, with a particular emphasis on the structure of political choices. In twelve chapters that reflect different perspectives on how people form political opinions and how these opinions are manipulated, this book offers an unparalleled view of the state-of-the-art research on these important questions as it has developed on two continents.

The Reasoning Voter

The Reasoning Voter PDF Author: Samuel L. Popkin
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 022677287X
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 335

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Book Description
The Reasoning Voter is an insider's look at campaigns, candidates, media, and voters that convincingly argues that voters make informed logical choices. Samuel L. Popkin analyzes three primary campaigns—Carter in 1976; Bush and Reagan in 1980; and Hart, Mondale, and Jackson in 1984—to arrive at a new model of the way voters sort through commercials and sound bites to choose a candidate. Drawing on insights from economics and cognitive psychology, he convincingly demonstrates that, as trivial as campaigns often appear, they provide voters with a surprising amount of information on a candidate's views and skills. For all their shortcomings, campaigns do matter. "Professor Popkin has brought V.O. Key's contention that voters are rational into the media age. This book is a useful rebuttal to the cynical view that politics is a wholly contrived business, in which unscrupulous operatives manipulate the emotions of distrustful but gullible citizens. The reality, he shows, is both more complex and more hopeful than that."—David S. Broder, The Washington Post

Elements of Reason

Elements of Reason PDF Author: Arthur Lupia
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521653329
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 348

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Book Description
Advances in the social sciences are used to uncover cognitive foundations of social decision making.

Change, Choice and Inference

Change, Choice and Inference PDF Author: Hans Rott
Publisher: Clarendon Press
ISBN: 9780198503064
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 404

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Book Description
This work develops logical theories necessary to understand adaptable human reasoning & the design ofintelligent systems. It unifies lively & significant strands of research in logic, philosophy, economics & artificial intelligence.

Thinking and Deciding

Thinking and Deciding PDF Author: Jonathan Baron
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1009263625
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 549

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Book Description
The fifth edition of the classic text Thinking and Deciding updates the broad overview of the field of judgments and decisions offered in previous editions. It covers the normative standards used to evaluate conclusions, such as logic, probability, and various forms of utility theory. It explains descriptive accounts of departures from these standards, largely in terms of principles of cognitive psychology, emphasizing the distinction between search processes and inferences. Chapters cover decisions under risk, decision analysis, moral decisions and social dilemmas, and decisions about the future. Although the book assumes no particular prerequisites beyond introductory high-school algebra, it is most suited to advanced undergraduates, early graduate students, and active researchers in related fields, such as business, politics, law, medicine, economics, and philosophy.

The Nature of Reasoning

The Nature of Reasoning PDF Author: Jacqueline P. Leighton
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521009287
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 484

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Book Description
We are bombarded with information - press releases, television news, Internet websites, and office memos, just to name a few - on a daily basis. However, the important conclusions that may or need to be inferred from such information are typically not provided. We must draw the conclusions by ourselves. How do we draw these conclusions? This book addresses how we reason to reach sensible conclusions. The purpose of this book is to organize in one volume what is known about reasoning, such as its structural prerequisites, its mechanisms, its susceptibility to pragmatic influences, its pitfalls, and the bases for its development. Given that reasoning underlies so many of our intellectual activities - when we learn, criticize, analyze, judge, infer, evaluate, optimize, apply, discover, imagine, devise, and create - we stand to gain a great deal if we can learn to define, operate, apply, and nurture our reasoning.

Thinking and Reasoning

Thinking and Reasoning PDF Author: Ken Manktelow
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1136295232
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 330

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Book Description
The area of psychological research reviewed in this book is one that is not only increasing in popularity in college curricula, but is also making an ever larger impact on the world outside the classroom. Drawing upon research originally cited in Ken Manktelow’s highly successful publication Reasoning and Thinking, this completely rewritten textbook reflects on the revolutionary changes that have occurred in the field in recent years, stemming from the huge expansion in research output, as well as new methods and explanations, and the appearance of numerous books on the subject aimed at the popular market. The main areas covered are probability judgment, deductive and inductive reasoning, decision making, hypothetical thinking and rationality. In each case, the material is almost entirely new, with topics such as the new paradigm in reasoning research, causal reasoning and counterfactual thinking appearing for the first time. The book also presents an extended treatment of decision making research, and contains a chapter on individual and cultural influences on thinking. Thinking and Reasoning provides a detailed, integrated and approachable treatment of this area of cognitive psychology, and is ideal reading for intermediate and advanced undergraduate students; indeed, for anyone interested in how we draw conclusions and make choices.

The Developmental Psychology of Reasoning and Decision-Making

The Developmental Psychology of Reasoning and Decision-Making PDF Author: Henry Markovits
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1317931068
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 240

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Book Description
Logical thinking is a critically important cognitive skill. It is not just essential for mathematical and scientific understanding, it is also of prime importance when trying to navigate our complex and increasingly sophisticated world. Written by world class researchers in the field, The Developmental Psychology of Reasoning and Decision-Making describes the ways that children learn to reason, and how reasoning can be used to overcome the influence of beliefs and intuitions. The chapters in this edited collection focus on the new, revolutionary paradigm in reasoning and cover the recent research on the development of reasoning in two important areas: Cognitive abilities required to reason well and how these abilities develop in children and adolescents. Recent empirical data showing the effect intuition and prior belief have on reasoning, even when the outcome is inappropriate. Different theoretical and empirical perspectives from recent Piagetian theory, mental models and gist processing are examined, along with empirical results looking at specific aspects of reasoning in children. The key theme of the book is to better understand how reasoning develops not only through examining ‘logical’ reasoning, but also the nature of the interactions between people’s intuitions and their reasoning abilities. The Developmental Psychology of Reasoning and Decision-Making provides an overview of the main theories and key empirical results related to the development of reasoning and should be of particular interest to students and researchers in developmental psychology and education, along with those in cognitive psychology.