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Author: Leslie M. Reid
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Erosion
Languages : en
Pages : 190
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Book Description
Many land-management decisions would be aided by an understanding of the current sediment production and transport regime in a watershed and of the likely effects of planned land use on that regime. Sediment budgeting can provide this information quickly and at low cost if reconnaissance techniques are used to evaluate the budget. Efficient budget construction incorporates seven steps: careful definition of the problem to be addressed; collection of background information; subdivision of the project area into uniform sub-areas; interpretation of aerial photographs; fieldwork; analysis; and checking of results. Methods used in field-work and analysis must be selected according to the types of hillslope and channel processes active, the goals of the analysis, and the level of precision required. Methods for evaluating erosion and sediment transport rates are described, and four examples are given to demonstrate budget applications and construction.
Author: Leslie M. Reid
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Erosion
Languages : en
Pages : 190
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Book Description
Many land-management decisions would be aided by an understanding of the current sediment production and transport regime in a watershed and of the likely effects of planned land use on that regime. Sediment budgeting can provide this information quickly and at low cost if reconnaissance techniques are used to evaluate the budget. Efficient budget construction incorporates seven steps: careful definition of the problem to be addressed; collection of background information; subdivision of the project area into uniform sub-areas; interpretation of aerial photographs; fieldwork; analysis; and checking of results. Methods used in field-work and analysis must be selected according to the types of hillslope and channel processes active, the goals of the analysis, and the level of precision required. Methods for evaluating erosion and sediment transport rates are described, and four examples are given to demonstrate budget applications and construction.
Author: Andrew Goudie
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 9780415327381
Category : Geomorphology
Languages : en
Pages : 596
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Book Description
The first such reference work in thirty-five years, this is a comprehensive guide to both specific landforms and the major types of processes that create them. This two-volume set provides a historical overview of the field, while exploring recent key discoveries about tectonic and climatic changes as well as the use of new techniques such as modeling, remote sensing, and process measurement. Written by a team of expert contributors from over thirty countries, the nearly 700 alphabetically arranged entries are cross-referenced, indexed, and include up-to-date suggestions for further reading. Fully illustrated with over 360 tables and illustrations, this will be the definitive reference source for students, researchers, and practitioners in geomorphology as well as geography, earth science, sedimentology, and environmental science.
Author: Philip N. Owens
Publisher: CABI
ISBN: 1845930290
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 344
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Book Description
This book reviews the major achievements recently made in soil erosion and sediment redistribution research and management, and identifies future requirements. The book presents work from key players in river basin soil erosion and sediment redistribution from sources to sinks, field to riverbank, from academia to policy and industry. It examines the developments made in three themes - measurement, modelling and management - and covers a variety of scales (in both time and space) and geographical locations.
Author: Jim Bogen
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781901502428
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 252
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Book Description
Author: Brian Kronvang
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 940173366X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 310
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Book Description
This book focuses on sediments as a pollutant in natural freshwater and marine habitats, and as a vector for the transfer of chemicals such as nutrients and contaminants. Sediment-water research is carried out all over the world within a variety of disciplines. The selected papers cover three main topics relating to assessment and/or restoration of disturbed watersheds, sediment-water linkages in terrestrial and aquatic environments and evaluation of sediment and ecological changes in marine and freshwater habitats. Innovative research in both developed and less developed countries is included. Both fundamental research, insight into applied research and system management are covered. The volume will also appeal to readers involved in sediment geochemistry and dynamics, aquatic habitats, water quality, aquatic ecology, river morphology, restoration techniques and catchment management.
Author: Jonathan A. Czuba
Publisher: U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 150
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Book Description
A study of the geomorphology of rivers draining Mount Rainier, Washington, was completed to identify sources of sediment to the river network; to identify important processes in the sediment delivery system; to assess current sediment loads in rivers draining Mount Rainier; to evaluate if there were trends in streamflow or sediment load since the early 20th century; and to assess how rates of sedimentation might continue into the future using published climate-change scenarios. Rivers draining Mount Rainier carry heavy sediment loads sourced primarily from the volcano that cause acute aggradation in deposition reaches as far away as the Puget Lowland. Calculated yields ranged from 2,000 tonnes per square kilometer per year [(tonnes/km2)/yr] on the upper Nisqually River to 350 (tonnes/km2)/yr on the lower Puyallup River, notably larger than sediment yields of 50–200 (tonnes/km2)/yr typical for other Cascade Range rivers. These rivers can be assumed to be in a general state of sediment surplus. As a result, future aggradation rates will be largely influenced by the underlying hydrology carrying sediment downstream. The active-channel width of rivers directly draining Mount Rainier in 2009, used as a proxy for sediment released from Mount Rainier, changed little between 1965 and 1994 reflecting a climatic period that was relatively quiet hydrogeomorphically. From 1994 to 2009, a marked increase in geomorphic disturbance caused the active channels in many river reaches to widen. Comparing active-channel widths of glacier-draining rivers in 2009 to the distance of glacier retreat between 1913 and 1994 showed no correlation, suggesting that geomorphic disturbance in river reaches directly downstream of glaciers is not strongly governed by the degree of glacial retreat. In contrast, there was a correlation between active-channel width and the percentage of superglacier debris mantling the glacier, as measured in 1971. A conceptual model of sediment delivery processes from the mountain indicates that rockfalls, glaciers, debris flows, and main-stem flooding act sequentially to deliver sediment from Mount Rainier to river reaches in the Puget Lowland over decadal time scales. Greater-than-normal runoff was associated with cool phases of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation. Streamflow-gaging station data from four unregulated rivers directly draining Mount Rainier indicated no statistically significant trends of increasing peak flows over the course of the 20th century. The total sediment load of the upper Nisqually River from 1945 to 2011 was determined to be 1,200,000±180,000 tonnes/yr. The suspended-sediment load in the lower Puyallup River at Puyallup, Washington, was 860,000±300,000 tonnes/yr between 1978 and 1994, but the long-term load for the Puyallup River likely is about 1,000,000±400,000 tonnes/yr. Using a coarse-resolution bedload transport relation, the long-term average bedload was estimated to be about 30,000 tonnes/yr in the lower White River near Auburn, Washington, which was four times greater than bedload in the Puyallup River and an order of magnitude greater than bedload in the Carbon River. Analyses indicate a general increase in the sediment loads in Mount Rainier rivers in the 1990s and 2000s relative to the time period from the 1960s to 1980s. Data are insufficient, however, to determine definitively if post-1990 increases in sediment production and transport from Mount Rainier represent a statistically significant increase relative to sediment-load values typical from Mount Rainier during the entire 20th century. One-dimensional river-hydraulic and sediment-transport models simulated the entrainment, transport, attrition, and deposition of bed material. Simulations showed that bed-material loads were largest for the Nisqually River and smallest for the Carbon River. The models were used to simulate how increases in sediment supply to rivers transport through the river systems and affect lowland reaches. For each simulation, the input sediment pulse evolved through a combination of translation, dispersion, and attrition as it moved downstream. The characteristic transport times for the median sediment-size pulse to arrive downstream for the Nisqually, Carbon, Puyallup, and White Rivers were approximately 70, 300, 80, and 60 years, respectively.
Author: Kirstie A. Fryirs
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118305442
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 650
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Book Description
Filling a niche in the geomorphology teaching market, this introductory book is built around a 12 week course in fluvial geomorphology. ‘Reading the landscape’ entails making sense of what a riverscape looks like, how it works, how it has evolved over time, and how alterations to one part of a catchment may have secondary consequences elsewhere, over different timeframes. These place-based field analyses are framed within their topographic, climatic and environmental context. Issues and principles presented in the first part of this book provide foundational understandings that underpin the approach to reading the landscape that is presented in the second half of the book. In reading the landscape, detective-style investigations and interpretations are tied to theoretical and conceptual principles to generate catchment-specific analyses of river character, behaviour and evolution, including responses to human disturbance. This book has been constructed as an introductory text on river landscapes, providing a bridge and/or companion to quantitatively-framed or modelled approaches to landscape analysis that are addressed elsewhere. Key principles outlined in the book emphasise the importance of complexity, contingency and emergence in interpreting the character, behaviour and evolution of any given system. The target audience is second and third year undergraduate students in geomorphology, hydrology, earth science and environmental science, as well as river practitioners who use geomorphic understandings to guide scientific and/or management applications. The primary focus of Kirstie and Gary’s research and teaching entails the use of geomorphic principles as a tool with which to develop coherent scientific understandings of river systems, and the application of these understandings in management practice. Kirstie and Gary are co-developers of the River Styles® Framework and Short Course that is widely used in river management, decision-making and training. Additional resources for this book can be found at: www.wiley.com/go/fryirs/riversystems.
Author: Tim Burt
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 9780470682869
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 482
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Book Description
Sediment Cascades: An Integrated Approach provides a comprehensive overview that addresses the transport of sediment through the landscape. Suitable for academic researchers, industry practitioners, research students and advanced level undergraduates, seeking detailed knowledge and an up-to-date review of the recent research literature. The emphasis is on contemporary sediment system dynamics with relevance both to landscape management and landform development. Sediment Cascades: An Integrated Approach begins with an explanation of the need for an integrated approach to sediment delivery systems and introduces the main themes of sediment production, delivery, storage and transfer. Further chapters then focus on specific environments from mountains, through floodplains, to estuaries and the continental shelf. Focuses on contemporary sediment system dynamics and current research Covers a sequence of environments from steep mountains to the continental shelf Highlights the continuity of the subject by linking each component area with its adjacent elements
Author: Dirk Henk De Boer
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781901502220
Category : Basins (Geology)
Languages : en
Pages : 268
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Book Description
Author: Valentin Golosov
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781901502671
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 518
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Book Description
