Racial Politics of Booker T. Washington

Racial Politics of Booker T. Washington PDF Author: Donald Cunnigen
Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing
ISBN: 0762310111
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 251

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Book Description
Scholars have sought to understand the mystique surrounding Booker T Washington. He is an enigma and continues to be lauded by those who offer him and his ideas as a model for Black Progress. This volume aims to provide the reader with a wide inter-disciplinary landscape with which to assess Washington.

Racial Politics of Booker T. Washington

Racial Politics of Booker T. Washington PDF Author: Donald Cunnigen
Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing
ISBN: 0762310111
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 251

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Book Description
Scholars have sought to understand the mystique surrounding Booker T Washington. He is an enigma and continues to be lauded by those who offer him and his ideas as a model for Black Progress. This volume aims to provide the reader with a wide inter-disciplinary landscape with which to assess Washington.

Atlanta Compromise

Atlanta Compromise PDF Author: Booker T. Washington
Publisher: CreateSpace
ISBN: 9781497492707
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 24

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Book Description
The Atlanta Compromise was an address by African-American leader Booker T. Washington on September 18, 1895. Given to a predominantly White audience at the Cotton States and International Exposition in Atlanta, Georgia, the speech has been recognized as one of the most important and influential speeches in American history. The compromise was announced at the Atlanta Exposition Speech. The primary architect of the compromise, on behalf of the African-Americans, was Booker T. Washington, president of the Tuskegee Institute. Supporters of Washington and the Atlanta compromise were termed the "Tuskegee Machine." The agreement was never written down. Essential elements of the agreement were that blacks would not ask for the right to vote, they would not retaliate against racist behavior, they would tolerate segregation and discrimination, that they would receive free basic education, education would be limited to vocational or industrial training (for instance as teachers or nurses), liberal arts education would be prohibited (for instance, college education in the classics, humanities, art, or literature). After the turn of the 20th century, other black leaders, most notably W. E. B. Du Bois and William Monroe Trotter - (a group Du Bois would call The Talented Tenth), took issue with the compromise, instead believing that African-Americans should engage in a struggle for civil rights. W. E. B. Du Bois coined the term "Atlanta Compromise" to denote the agreement. The term "accommodationism" is also used to denote the essence of the Atlanta compromise. After Washington's death in 1915, supporters of the Atlanta compromise gradually shifted their support to civil rights activism, until the modern Civil rights movement commenced in the 1950s. Booker Taliaferro Washington (April 5, 1856 - November 14, 1915) was an African-American educator, author, orator, and advisor to presidents of the United States. Between 1890 and 1915, Washington was the dominant leader in the African-American community. Washington was of the last generation of black American leaders born into slavery and became the leading voice of the former slaves and their descendants, who were newly oppressed by disfranchisement and the Jim Crow discriminatory laws enacted in the post-Reconstruction Southern states in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. In 1895 his Atlanta compromise called for avoiding confrontation over segregation and instead putting more reliance on long-term educational and economic advancement in the black community.

Booker T. Washington, W.E.B. Du Bois, and the Struggle for Racial Uplift

Booker T. Washington, W.E.B. Du Bois, and the Struggle for Racial Uplift PDF Author: Jacqueline M. Moore
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN: 9780842029940
Category : Biography & Autobiography
Languages : en
Pages : 230

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Book Description
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Up from History

Up from History PDF Author: Robert Jefferson Norrell
Publisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 0674060377
Category : Biography & Autobiography
Languages : en
Pages : 523

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Book Description
Since the 1960s, Martin Luther King, Jr., has personified black leadership with his use of direct action protests against white authority. A century ago, in the era of Jim Crow, Booker T. Washington pursued a different strategy to lift his people. In this compelling biography, Norrell reveals how conditions in the segregated South led Washington to call for a less contentious path to freedom and equality. He urged black people to acquire economic independence and to develop the moral character that would ultimately gain them full citizenship. Although widely accepted as the most realistic way to integrate blacks into American life during his time, WashingtonÕs strategy has been disparaged since the 1960s. The first full-length biography of Booker T. in a generation, Up from History recreates the broad contexts in which Washington worked: He struggled against white bigots who hated his economic ambitions for blacks, African-American intellectuals like W. E. B. Du Bois who resented his huge influence, and such inconstant allies as Theodore Roosevelt. Norrell details the positive power of WashingtonÕs vision, one that invoked hope and optimism to overcome past exploitation and present discrimination. Indeed, his ideas have since inspired peoples across the Third World that there are many ways to struggle for equality and justice. Up from History reinstates this extraordinary historical figure to the pantheon of black leaders, illuminating not only his mission and achievement but also, poignantly, the man himself.

Schooling Jim Crow

Schooling Jim Crow PDF Author: Jay Winston Driskell
Publisher: University of Virginia Press
ISBN: 0813936152
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 287

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Book Description
In 1919 the NAACP organized a voting bloc powerful enough to compel the city of Atlanta to budget $1.5 million for the construction of schools for black students. This victory would have been remarkable in any era, but in the context of the Jim Crow South it was revolutionary. Schooling Jim Crow tells the story of this little-known campaign, which happened less than thirteen years after the Atlanta race riot of 1906 and just weeks before a wave of anti-black violence swept the nation in the summer after the end of World War I. Despite the constant threat of violence, Atlanta’s black voters were able to force the city to build five black grammar schools and Booker T. Washington High School, the city’s first publicly funded black high school. Schooling Jim Crow reveals how they did it and why it matters. In this pathbreaking book, Jay Driskell explores the changes in black political consciousness that made the NAACP’s grassroots campaign possible at a time when most black southerners could not vote, let alone demand schools. He reveals how black Atlantans transformed a reactionary politics of respectability into a militant force for change. Contributing to this militancy were understandings of class and gender transformed by decades of racially segregated urban development, the 1906 Atlanta race riot, Georgia’s disfranchisement campaign of 1908, and the upheavals of World War I. On this cultural foundation, black Atlantans built a new urban black politics that would become the model for the NAACP’s political strategy well into the twentieth century.

The Future of the American Negro

The Future of the American Negro PDF Author: Booker T. Washington
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 276

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Book Description
Aims to put in more definite & permanent form the ideas regarding the negro & his future which the author expressed many times on the public platform & through the press & magazines.

Between Washington and Du Bois

Between Washington and Du Bois PDF Author: Reginald K. Ellis
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780813056609
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
James E. Shepard of North Carolina, like Booker T. Washington in Alabama, was one of the most influential African Americans in his state. This study is more than a biography of an influential African American, but an analytical study of a black leader during the age of Jim Crow in the South.

Tuskegee & Its People: Their Ideals and Achievements

Tuskegee & Its People: Their Ideals and Achievements PDF Author: Booker T. Washington
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : African Americans
Languages : en
Pages : 430

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Book Description


Booker T. Washington

Booker T. Washington PDF Author: Raymond W. Smock
Publisher: Ivan R. Dee
ISBN: 1615780076
Category : Biography & Autobiography
Languages : en
Pages : 242

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Book Description
From the time of his famous Atlanta address in 1895 until his death in 1915, Booker T. Washington was the preeminent African-American educator and race leader. But to historians and biographers of the last hundred years, Washington has often been described as an enigma, a man who rose to prominence because he offered a compromise with the white South: he was willing to trade civil rights for economic and educational advancement. Thus one historian called Washington's time the "nadir of Negro life in America." Raymond W. Smock's interpretive biography explores Washington's rise from slavery to a position of power and influence that no black leader had ever before achieved in American history. He took his own personal quest for freedom and acceptance within a harsh, racist climate and turned it into a strategy that he believed would work for millions. Was he, as later critics would charge, an Uncle Tom and a lackey of powerful white politicians and industrialists? Sifting the evidence, Mr. Smock sees Washington as a field general in a war of racial survival, his compromise a practical attempt to solve an immense problem. He lived and worked in the midst of an undeclared race war, and his plan was to find a way to survive and to flourish despite the odds against him.

The Negro Problem

The Negro Problem PDF Author: Booker T. Washington
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : African Americans
Languages : en
Pages : 258

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Book Description