Author: Saul Jarcho
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 384
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Book Description
The history of cinchona has traditionally begun with the romantic - and now discredited - story of Francisca Henriquez Ribera, the Countess of Chinchon. According to legend, the Countess became seriously ill during an outbreak of fever in Lima around 1623. Her husband, the Viceroy, learning of a medicinal tree bark used by the local Indians, ordered the bark tested and administered to his wife. Following her prompt recovery, the Countess championed the use of bark among the general populace, and thousands of lives were saved. The drug became known as pulvis Comitissae, the powder of the Countess, and later - misspelled by Linnaeus - as cinchona. In Quinine's Predecessor Saul Jarcho unravels a tangle of myth, hearsay, and fact to establish the definitive history of cinchona bark - the still-important source of modern quinine. Jarcho explains the discovery of the healing property of the substance, also known as Peruvian bark or Jesuits' bark, and traces the routes by which it was transmitted from South America to Spain and other countries. He recounts the controversy and resistance surrounding its acceptance by medical practitioners. And he offers the most complete account to date of the important work of Francesco Torti, who used the bark successfully in treating cerebral and other especially dangerous malarial infections.
Author: Townsend Middleton
Publisher: Univ of California Press
ISBN: 0520399129
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 212
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Book Description
A free ebook version of this title is available through Luminos, University of California Press's Open Access publishing program. Visit www.luminosoa.org to learn more. What happens after colonial industries have run their course—after the factory closes and the fields go fallow? Set in the cinchona plantations of India’s Darjeeling Hills, Quinine’s Remains chronicles the history and aftermaths of quinine. Harvested from cinchona bark, quinine was malaria’s only remedy until the twentieth-century advent of synthetic drugs, and it was vital to the British Empire. Today, the cinchona plantations—and the roughly fifty thousand people who call them home—remain. Their futures, however, are unclear. The Indian government has threatened to privatize or shut down this seemingly obsolete and crumbling industry, but the plantation community, led by strident trade unions, has successfully resisted. Overgrown cinchona fields and shuttered quinine factories may appear the stuff of postcolonial and postindustrial ruination, but quinine’s remains are not dead. Rather, they have become the site of urgent efforts to redefine land and life for the twenty-first century. Quinine's Remains offers a vivid historical and ethnographic portrait of what it means to forge life after empire.
Author: Andreas-Holger Maehle
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9004333290
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 362
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Book Description
Experimental pharmacology is often portrayed as a creation of the nineteenth century, the age of the sciences in medicine. This book demonstrates that the basic methodology of the field, including chemical analysis, in vitro testing, animal experimentation and human research, was already developed in the course of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Putting remedies on trial was stimulated by the challenge to Galenism through new chemical, mechanical and vitalist concepts of disease, by the import of exotic drugs and the flourishing trade with secret medicines. The book describes the main issues of eighteenth-century pharmacology and therapeutics and provides detailed case studies of three key areas: lithontriptics (remedies against urinary stones), opium, and Peruvian bark (quinine). It shows how pharmacological knowledge and therapeutic change were promoted in medical centres of the time, such as Edinburgh, London, Paris, Halle and Göttingen. Yet it also reveals how by publication of medical case histories many otherwise little-known practitioners contributed to this scientific enterprise as well.
Author: Leo Slater
Publisher: Rutgers University Press
ISBN: 081354646X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 265
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Book Description
Malaria is one of the leading killers in the world today. Though drugs against malaria have a long history, attempts to develop novel therapeutics spanned the twentieth century and continue today. In this historical study, Leo B. Slater shows the roots and branches of an enormous drug development project during World War II. Fighting around the globe, American soldiers were at high risk for contracting malaria, yet quinine–a natural cure–became harder to acquire. A U.S. government-funded antimalarial program, initiated by the National Research Council, brought together diverse laboratories and specialists to provide the best drugs to the nation's military. This wartime research would deliver chloroquinine–long the drug of choice for prevention and treatment of malaria–and a host of other chemotherapeutic insights. A massive undertaking, the antimalarial program was to biomedical research what the Manhattan Project was to the physical sciences. A volume in the Critical Issues in Health and Medicine series, edited by Rima D. Apple and Janet Golden.
Author: Matthew James Crawford
Publisher: University of Pittsburgh Press
ISBN: 0822981394
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 274
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Book Description
In the eighteenth century, malaria was a prevalent and deadly disease, and the only effective treatment was found in the Andean forests of Spanish America: a medicinal bark harvested from cinchona trees that would later give rise to the antimalarial drug quinine. In 1751, the Spanish Crown asserted control over the production and distribution of this medicament by establishing a royal reserve of "fever trees" in Quito. Through this pilot project, the Crown pursued a new vision of imperialism informed by science and invigorated through commerce. But ultimately this project failed, much like the broader imperial reforms that it represented. Drawing on extensive archival research, Matthew Crawford explains why, showing how indigenous healers, laborers, merchants, colonial officials, and creole elites contested European science and thwarted imperial reform by asserting their authority to speak for the natural world. The Andean Wonder Drug uses the story of cinchona bark to demonstrate how the imperial politics of knowledge in the Spanish Atlantic ultimately undermined efforts to transform European science into a tool of empire.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medicine
Languages : en
Pages : 1308
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Book Description
Author: George Frederick Shrady
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medicine
Languages : en
Pages : 816
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Book Description
Author: Rohan Deb Roy
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107172365
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 349
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Book Description
This book examines how and why British imperial rule shaped scientific knowledge about malaria and its cures in nineteenth-century India. This title is also available as Open Access.
Author: Michael A Flannery
Publisher: SIU Press
ISBN: 080933593X
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 338
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Book Description
When the Civil War began, the U.S. pharmaceutical industry was concentrated almost exclusively in Philadelphia and was dominated by just a few major firms; when the war ended, it was poised to expand nationwide. Civil War Pharmacy is the first book to delineate how the growing field of pharmacy gained respect and traction in, and even distinction from, the medical world because of the large-scale manufacture and dispersion of drug supplies and therapeutics during the Civil War. In this second edition, Flannery captures the full societal involvement in drug provision, on both the Union and Confederate sides, and places it within the context of what was then assumed about health and healing. He examines the roles of physicians, hospital stewards, and nurses—both male and female—and analyzes how the blockade of Southern ports meant fewer pharmaceutical supplies were available for Confederate soldiers, resulting in reduced Confederate troop strength. Flannery provides a thorough overview of the professional, economic, and military factors comprising pharmacy from 1861 to 1865 and includes the long-term consequences of the war for the pharmaceutical profession. Winner (first edition), Archivists and Librarians in the History of the Health Sciences, Best Book Award
Author: Mark Honigsbaum
Publisher: Macmillan
ISBN: 9780312421809
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 356
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Book Description
Literally Italian for "bad air," malaria once plagued Rome, tropical trade routes and colonial ventures into India and South America and the disease has no known antidote aside from the therapeutic effects of the "miraculous" quinine. This first book from journalist Honigsbaum is a rousing history of the search for febrifuge or, more specifically, the rare red cinchona tree, the bark from which quinine is derived.
