Author: Gary G. Ihas
Publisher: American Institute of Physics
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 468

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Book Description
Researchers in condensed matter physics; astrophysics

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Low temperatures
Languages : en
Pages : 638

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Book Description

Author: A.F.G. Wyatt
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1468459376
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 583

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Book Description
The study of quantum fluids in three dimensions has been an important area for many years as it embraces Bose-Einstein condensation, superfluidity and macroscopic quantisation. These are fundamental aspects of physics which can be studied in liquid 4He. In contrast, quantum fluids in two dimension is more recent and less developed. Nevertheless it has shown many interesting phenomena including a rich variety of phases and the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition. Intermediate between these dimensions are the restricted geometries of micro porous materials into which He may be introduced. The main quantum materials considered are 4He, 3He, D2, H2, H and electrons on the surface of 4He. The superfluid phases of 3He were excluded, e~cept for superfluid film flow, as 3He involves a separate set of problems. These proceedings arise from a lively Advanced Research Workshop on Excitations in Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Quantum Fluids held in Exeter 10-15 August 1990. Fifty scientists took part and each provided a written contribution. Perhaps it is a testimony to the discussions that several papers were revised by the authors after the meeting. The order of the chapters is the same as the presentations at the workshop. This arrangement starts with 4He in three dimensions which establishes a base from which the two dimensional properties can be viewed. At the end of each section there is a report on the discussion session. These are interesting and useful chapters as they clarify points made in the papers and define the boundary of current understanding.

Author: Peter Brusov
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9812771239
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 859

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Book Description
This title gives a complete and detailed description of collective modes (CMs) in unconventional superfluids and superconductors (USC).

Author: Karl-Heinz Bennemann
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191650196
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 641

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Book Description
This book reports on the latest developments in the field of Superfluidity. The phenomenon has had a tremendous impact on the fundamental sciences as well as a host of technologies. It began with the discovery of superconductivity in mercury in 1911, which was ultimately described theoretically by the theory of Bardeen Cooper and Schriever (BCS) in 1957. The analogous phenomena, superfluidity, was discovered in helium in 1938 and tentatively explained shortly thereafter as arising from a Bose-Einstein Condensation (BEC) by London. But the importance of superfluidity, and the range of systems in which it occurs, has grown enormously. In addition to metals and the helium liquids the phenomena has now been observed for photons in cavities, excitons in semiconductors, magnons in certain materials, and cold gasses trapped in high vacuum. It very likely exist for neutrons in a neutron star and, possibly, in a conjectured quark state at their center. Even the Universe itself can be regarded as being in a kind of superfluid state. All these topics are discussed by experts in the respective subfields.

Author: Roland Dobbs
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780198506409
Category : Helium
Languages : en
Pages : 1088

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Book Description
The condensed phases of helium three provide an exciting laboratory for many fundamental questions in condensed matter physics. Due to its light mass and weak interatomic potential, the condensed phases of helium display quantum effects more dramatically than any other atomic system. Intuitionbased on classical experience is often misleading in these phases: the solid phase for instance is less ordered at low temperature than the liquid phase. The present book is unique in covering all the low temperature properties of helium three as liquid, superfluid, and solid. It provides anintroduction to the extensive literature on helium three from the point of view of an experimentalist, and includes the analogy of its properties with the cosmological 'big bang'. Graduate students, researchers, and professionals in condensed matter physics and low temperature physics will findthis the standard reference work for the decade to come.

Author: Anthony James Leggett
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191037214
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 405

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Book Description
Starting from first principles, this book introduces the closely related phenomena of Bose condensation and Cooper pairing, in which a very large number of single particles or pairs of particles are forced to behave in exactly the same way, and explores their consequences in condensed matter systems. Eschewing advanced formal methods, the author uses simple concepts and arguments to account for the various qualitatively new phenomena which occur in Bose-condensed and Cooper-paired systems, including but not limited to the spectacular macroscopic phenomena of superconductivity and superfluidity. The physical systems discussed include liquid 4-He, the BEC alkali gases, "classical" superconductors, superfluid 3-He, "exotic" superconductors and the recently stabilized Fermi alkali gases. The book should be accessible to beginning graduate students in physics or advanced undergraduates.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Power resources
Languages : en
Pages : 1052

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Book Description
Semiannual, with semiannual and annual indexes. References to all scientific and technical literature coming from DOE, its laboratories, energy centers, and contractors. Includes all works deriving from DOE, other related government-sponsored information, and foreign nonnuclear information. Arranged under 39 categories, e.g., Biomedical sciences, basic studies; Biomedical sciences, applied studies; Health and safety; and Fusion energy. Entry gives bibliographical information and abstract. Corporate, author, subject, report number indexes.

Author: Yuriy Monarkha
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3662106396
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 357

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Book Description
This coherent monograph describes and explains quantum phenomena in two-dimensional (2D) electron systems with extremely strong internal interactions, which cannot be described by the conventional Fermi-liquid approach. The central physical objects considered are the 2D Coulomb liquid, of which the average Coulomb interaction energy per electron is much higher than the mean kinetic energy, and the Wigner solid. The text provides a new and comprehensive review of the remarkable properties of Coulomb liquids and solids formed on the free surface of liquid helium and other interfaces. This book is intended for graduate students and researchers in the fields of quantum liquids, electronic properties of 2D systems, and solid-state physics. It includes different levels of sophistication so as to be useful for both theorists and experimentalists. The presentation is largely self-contained, and also describes some instructive examples that will be of general interest to solid-state physicists.

Author: Heinz Kitzerow
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387216421
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 513

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Book Description
Describes the main aspects of chirality in liquid crystals, and points out some of the open questions of current research. The chapters review the highlights of the important topics and questions.