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Author: Susan St. John
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : New Zealand
Languages : en
Pages : 43
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Book Description
Author: Susan St. John
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : New Zealand
Languages : en
Pages : 43
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309184118
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 159
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Book Description
The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) of 1996 fundamentally changed the nation's social welfare system, replacing a federal entitlement program for low-income families, called Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC), with state-administered block grants, the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program. PRWORA furthered a trend started earlier in the decade under so called "waiver" programs-state experiments with different types of AFDC rules-toward devolution of design and control of social welfare programs from the federal government to the states. The legislation imposed several new, major requirements on state use of federal welfare funds but otherwise freed states to reconfigure their programs as they want. The underlying goal of the legislation is to decrease dependence on welfare and increase the self-sufficiency of poor families in the United States. In summer 1998, the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation (ASPE) of the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) asked the Committee on National Statistics of the National Research Council to convene a Panel on Data and Methods for Measuring the Effects of Changes in Social Welfare Programs. The panel's overall charge is to study and make recommendations on the best strategies for evaluating the effects of PRWORA and other welfare reforms and to make recommendations on data needs for conducting useful evaluations. This interim report presents the panel's initial conclusions and recommendations. Given the short length of time the panel has been in existence, this report necessarily treats many issues in much less depth than they will be treated in the final report. The report has an immediate short-run goal of providing DHHS-ASPE with recommendations regarding some of its current projects, particularly those recently funded to study "welfare leavers"-former welfare recipients who have left the welfare rolls as part of the recent decline in welfare caseloads.
Author: Dale Weldeau Jorgenson
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262100632
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 476
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Book Description
This volume presents an approach to the evaluation of economic policies through the econometric modeling of aggregate consumer behavior. While the preferences of individual consumers are revealed by their market choices, these preferences can be recovered only by econometric methods, not through the index numbers used in the official statistics. The richer and more robust methodology presented in this volume provides a fruitful point of departure for future policy evaluations. The econometric approach replaces ordinal measures of individual welfare that cannot be compared among individuals with cardinal measures that can. These are combined into an indicator of social welfare that reflects principles of horizontal and vertical equity. This approach unifies the measurement of poverty, inequality, and cost and standard of living. It extends the scope of normative economics to a broader range of issues in the evaluation of economic and social policies.
Author: Matthew D. Adler
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0190643048
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 240
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Book Description
Disputes over government policies rage in a number of areas. From taxation to climate change, from public finance to risk regulation, and from health care to infrastructure planning, advocates debate how policies affect multiple dimensions of individual well-being, how these effects balance against each other, and how trade-offs between overall well-being and inequality should be resolved. How to measure and balance well-being gains and losses is a vexed issue. Matthew D. Adler advances the debate by introducing the social welfare function (SWF) framework and demonstrating how it can be used as a powerful tool for evaluating governmental policies. The framework originates in welfare economics and in philosophical scholarship regarding individual well-being, ethics, and distributive justice. It has three core components: a well-being measure, which translates each of the possible policy outcomes into an array of interpersonally comparable well-being numbers, quantifying how well off each person in the population would be in that outcome; a rule for ranking outcomes thus described ; and an uncertainty module, which orders policies understood as probability distributions over outcomes. The SWF framework is a significant improvement compared to cost-benefit analysis (CBA), which quantifies policy impacts in dollars, is thereby biased towards the rich, and is insensitive to the distribution of these monetized impacts. The SWF framework, by contrast, uses an unbiased measure of well-being and allows the policymaker to consider both efficiency (total well-being) and equity (the distribution of well-being). Because the SWF framework is a fully generic methodology for policy assessment, Adler also discusses how it can be implemented to inform government policies. He illustrates it through a detailed case study of risk regulation, contrasting the implications of results of SWF and CBA. This book provides an accessible, yet rigorous overview of the SWF approach that can inform policy-makers and students.
Author: P. Starke
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 023028857X
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 275
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Book Description
This book confronts one of the most fiercely contested issues in current political debates: how is welfare state retrenchment possible in modern democracies despite the welfare state's continuing popular appeal? Starke offers an international comparative analysis of welfare state retrenchment and an in-depth examination of its radical deployments.
Author: J. Mays
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1137535326
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 274
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Book Description
Basic income is an innovative, powerful egalitarian response to widening global inequalities and poverty experiences in society, one that runs counter to the neoliberal transformations of modern welfare states, social security, and labor market programs. This book is the first collective volume of its kind to ask whether a basic income offers a viable solution to the income support systems in Australia and New Zealand. Though often neglected in discussions of basic income, both countries are advanced liberal democracies dominated by neoliberal transformations of the welfare state, and therefore have great potential to advance debates on the topic. The contributors' essays and case studies explore the historical basis on which a basic income program might stand in these two countries, the ideological nuances and complexities of implementing such a policy, and ideas for future development that might allow the program to be put into practice regionally and applied internationally.
Author: Alan France
Publisher: Policy Press
ISBN: 1447315766
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 308
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Book Description
In this innovative book, Alan France looks not at the economic impact of the global economic crisis and great recession of the past decade, but at the effect these forces have had on our very understanding of youth through its associated institutions. Using eight countries as case studies, he undertakes an in-depth sociological analysis of historical and contemporary developments in secondary education, training, work, and welfare policy to show how the ecological landscape of youth has been affected. Mapping the growing influence of neoliberalism as a political strategy in each of the countries, he shows how, after the crisis, the reconfiguration of institutions and practices that are central to the lives of the young is accelerating, bringing new meaning to youth, age, transition, diversity, risk, and inclusion.
Author: Richard Disney
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 9781782542353
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 388
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Book Description
An analysis of the pension reform process in nine countries. It examines the policy reform process in each country, against the background of the fiscal stresses arising from ageing populations. It also explores whether different pension delivery systems generate different standards of living.
Author: Adam Perkins
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1137555297
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 212
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Book Description
The welfare state has a problem: each generation living under its protection has lower work motivation than the previous one. In order to fix this problem we need to understand its causes, lest the welfare state ends up undermining its own economic and social foundations. In The Welfare Trait, award-winning personality researcher Dr Adam Perkins argues that welfare-induced personality mis-development is a significant part of the problem. In support of his theory, Dr Perkins presents data showing that the welfare state can boost the number of children born into disadvantaged households, and that childhood disadvantage promotes the development of an employment-resistant personality profile, characterised by aggressive, antisocial and rule-breaking tendencies. The book concludes by recommending that policy should be altered so that the welfare state no longer increases the number of children born into disadvantaged households. It suggests that, without this change, the welfare state will erode the nation's work ethic by increasing the proportion of individuals in the population who possess an employment-resistant personality profile, due to exposure to the environmental influence of disadvantage in childhood.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Child welfare
Languages : en
Pages : 490
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Book Description
