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Author: Lars Heide
Publisher: JHU Press
ISBN: 0801891434
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 377
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Book Description
At a time when Internet use is closely tracked and social networking sites supply data for targeted advertising, Lars Heide presents the first academic study of the invention that fueled today’s information revolution: the punched card. Early punched cards helped to process the United States census in 1890. They soon proved useful in calculating invoices and issuing pay slips. As demand for more sophisticated systems and reading machines increased in both the United States and Europe, punched cards served ever-larger data-processing purposes. Insurance companies, public utilities, businesses, and governments all used them to keep detailed records of their customers, competitors, employees, citizens, and enemies. The United States used punched-card registers in the late 1930s to pay roughly 21 million Americans their Social Security pensions, Vichy France used similar technologies in an attempt to mobilize an army against the occupying German forces, and the Germans in 1941 developed several punched-card registers to make the war effort—and surveillance of minorities—more effective. Heide’s analysis of these three major punched-card systems, as well as the impact of the invention on Great Britain, illustrates how different cultures collected personal and financial data and how they adapted to new technologies. This comparative study will interest students and scholars from a wide range of disciplines, including the history of technology, computer science, business history, and management and organizational studies.
Author: Lars Heide
Publisher: JHU Press
ISBN: 0801891434
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 377
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Book Description
At a time when Internet use is closely tracked and social networking sites supply data for targeted advertising, Lars Heide presents the first academic study of the invention that fueled today’s information revolution: the punched card. Early punched cards helped to process the United States census in 1890. They soon proved useful in calculating invoices and issuing pay slips. As demand for more sophisticated systems and reading machines increased in both the United States and Europe, punched cards served ever-larger data-processing purposes. Insurance companies, public utilities, businesses, and governments all used them to keep detailed records of their customers, competitors, employees, citizens, and enemies. The United States used punched-card registers in the late 1930s to pay roughly 21 million Americans their Social Security pensions, Vichy France used similar technologies in an attempt to mobilize an army against the occupying German forces, and the Germans in 1941 developed several punched-card registers to make the war effort—and surveillance of minorities—more effective. Heide’s analysis of these three major punched-card systems, as well as the impact of the invention on Great Britain, illustrates how different cultures collected personal and financial data and how they adapted to new technologies. This comparative study will interest students and scholars from a wide range of disciplines, including the history of technology, computer science, business history, and management and organizational studies.
Author: United States. National Bureau of Standards
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Public administration
Languages : en
Pages : 4
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Book Description
Author: Wallace John Eckert
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Astronomy
Languages : en
Pages : 156
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Book Description
Author: Mark J.P. Wolf
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1315442663
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 402
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Book Description
While so many books on technology look at new advances and digital technologies, The Routledge Companion to Media Technology and Obsolescence looks back at analog technologies that are disappearing, considering their demise and what it says about media history, pop culture, and the nature of nostalgia. From card catalogs and typewriters to stock tickers and cathode ray tubes, contributors examine the legacy of analog technologies, including those, like vinyl records, that may be experiencing a resurgency. Each essay includes a brief history of the technology leading up to its peak, an analysis of the reasons for its decline, and a discussion of its influence on newer technologies.
Author: Robert S. Casey
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Punched card systems
Languages : en
Pages : 528
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Book Description
Author: Lars Heide
Publisher: JHU Press
ISBN: 0801898722
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 377
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Book Description
At a time when Internet use is closely tracked and social networking sites supply data for targeted advertising, Lars Heide presents the first academic study of the invention that fueled today’s information revolution: the punched card. Early punched cards helped to process the United States census in 1890. They soon proved useful in calculating invoices and issuing pay slips. As demand for more sophisticated systems and reading machines increased in both the United States and Europe, punched cards served ever-larger data-processing purposes. Insurance companies, public utilities, businesses, and governments all used them to keep detailed records of their customers, competitors, employees, citizens, and enemies. The United States used punched-card registers in the late 1930s to pay roughly 21 million Americans their Social Security pensions, Vichy France used similar technologies in an attempt to mobilize an army against the occupying German forces, and the Germans in 1941 developed several punched-card registers to make the war effort—and surveillance of minorities—more effective. Heide’s analysis of these three major punched-card systems, as well as the impact of the invention on Great Britain, illustrates how different cultures collected personal and financial data and how they adapted to new technologies. This comparative study will interest students and scholars from a wide range of disciplines, including the history of technology, computer science, business history, and management and organizational studies.
Author: S. L. Hood
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Punched card systems
Languages : en
Pages : 22
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Book Description
Author: Marvin E. Brooking
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic data processing
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Book Description
The 120-cell Punched-card Modifiable Logic Array is a repetitive eight-neighbor array of identical NAND gates that can be organized into different data processing subsystems. The signal interconnections between gates are controlled through punched-card operation; any subset of eight-neighbor connections can be made. This versatile and flexible logic array was fabricated for evaluating and verifying cellular logic concepts that appear to have utility for multipurpose or multifunctional arrays. Such arrays could be used in Air Force signal or data processing systems to enhance their flexibility. The array is described, the mode of interconnection control is outlined, and an example of the implementation of a ring oscillator and binary counter chain is presented. (Author).
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nuclear reactors
Languages : en
Pages : 46
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Radioactive decay
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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