Author: Giovanni Facchini
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Non-tariff trade barriers
Languages : en
Pages : 36
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Book Description
"Structurally estimating the Grossman and Helpman (1994) model using coverage ratios that include non-tariff barriers leads to biased parameter estimates. We develop a "protection for sale" theoretical framework consistent with the data, by explicitly allowing for non-tariff barriers. Introducing partial rent capturing we obtain a testable specification which finds support in the data. Our results suggest that average rent capturing is in the order of 72-75 percent"--National Bureau of Economic Research web site.
Author: Roger D. Congleton
Publisher:
ISBN: 0190469773
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 1017
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Book Description
The Oxford Handbook of Public Choice provides a comprehensive overview of the research in economics, political science, law, and sociology that has generated considerable insight into the politics of democratic and authoritarian systems as well as the influence of different institutional frameworks on incentives and outcomes. The result is an improved understanding of public policy, public finance, industrial organization, and macroeconomics as the combination of political and economic analysis shed light on how various interests compete both within a given rules of the games and, at times, to change the rules. These volumes include analytical surveys, syntheses, and general overviews of the many subfields of public choice focusing on interesting, important, and at times contentious issues. Throughout the focus is on enhancing understanding how political and economic systems act and interact, and how they might be improved. Both volumes combine methodological analysis with substantive overviews of key topics. This second volume examines constitutional political economy and also various applications, including public policy, international relations, and the study of history, as well as methodological and measurement issues. Throughout both volumes important analytical concepts and tools are discussed, including their application to substantive topics. Readers will gain increased understanding of rational choice and its implications for collective action; various explanations of voting, including economic and expressive; the role of taxation and finance in government dynamics; how trust and persuasion influence political outcomes; and how revolution, coups, and authoritarianism can be explained by the same set of analytical tools as enhance understanding of the various forms of democracy.
Author: David Coen
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191607525
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 804
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Book Description
Business is one of the major power centres in modern society. The state seeks to check and channel that power so as to serve broader public policy objectives. However, if the way in which business is governed is ineffective or over burdensome, it may become more difficult to achieve desired goals such as economic growth or higher levels of employment. In a period of international economic crisis, the study of how business and government relate to each other in different countries is of more central importance than ever. These relationships have been studied from a number of different disciplinary perspectives - business studies, economics, economic history, law, and political science - and all of these are represented in this handbook. The first part of the book provides an introduction to the ways in which five different disciplines have approached the study of business and government. The second section, on the firm and the state, looks at how these entities interact in different settings, emphasising such phenomena as the global firm and varieties of capitalism. The third section examines how business interacts with government in different parts of the world, including the United States, the EU, China, Japan and South America. The fourth section reviews changing patterns of market governance through a unifying theme of the role of regulation. Business-government relations can play out in divergent ways in different policy and the fifth section examines the contrasts between different key arenas such as competition policy, trade policy, training policy and environmental policy. The volume provides an authoritative overview with chapters by leading authorities on the current state of knowledge of business-government relations, but also points to ways in which this work might be developed in the future, e.g., through a political theory of the firm.
Author: Kym Anderson
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139491024
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Despite numerous policy reforms since the 1980s, farm product prices remain heavily distorted in both high-income and developing countries. This book seeks to improve our understanding of why societies adopted these policies, and why some but not other countries have undertaken reforms. Drawing on recent developments in political economy theories and in the generation of empirical measures of the extent of price distortions, the present volume provides both analytical narratives of the historical origins of agricultural protectionism in various parts of the world and a set of political econometric analyses aimed at explaining the patterns of distortions that have emerged over the past five decades. These new studies shed much light on the forces affecting incentives and those facing farmers in the course of national and global economic and political development. They also show how those distortions might change in the future.
Author: Isidoro Adolfo Mazza
Publisher: Rozenberg Publishers
ISBN: 9036100984
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 96
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : China
Languages : en
Pages : 33
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Book Description
The authors examine the trade policy response of Latin American governments to the rapid growth of China and India in world markets. To explain higher protection in sectors where a large share is imported from these countries, they extend the "protection for sale" model to allow for different degrees of substitutability between domestically produced and imported varieties. The extension suggests that higher levels of protection toward Chinese goods can be explained by high substitutability between domestically produced goods and Chinese goods, whereas lower levels of protection toward goods imported from India can be explained by low substitutability with domestically produced goods. The data support the extension to the "protection for sale" model, which performs better than the original specification in terms of explaining Latin America's structure of protection.
Author: Carolyn L. Evans
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Antidumping duties
Languages : en
Pages : 50
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Book Description
Author: Peri Agostinho da Silva
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Latin America
Languages : en
Pages : 56
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Book Description
"Silva investigates the role played by domestic importers and foreign exporters in improving preferential access to the domestic market. To this end, the framework he uses extends the protection for sale analysis to explicitly model the role of domestic importers and foreign exporters in determining preferential trade treatment. The author tests the predictions of the model using data on preferential trade between the United States and Latin American countries. The results suggest that Latin American exporters and U.S. importers' lobbying efforts have a significant and important role in determining the extent of preferential access granted by the United States. More interestingly, these findings also show that U.S. importers capture a substantial share of the rents generated by tariff preferences. These results therefore shed a pessimistic view on preferential trade schemes as a reliable source of gains for developing countries. This paper--a product of the Trade Team, Development Research Group--is part of a larger effort in the group to understand the political economy determinants of preferential trade"--World Bank web site.
Author: Kala Krishna
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Tariff preferences
Languages : en
Pages : 54
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Book Description
"Obtaining lower generalized system of preferences (GSP) tariffs requires meeting costly Rules of Origin (ROOs). Growing coffee in the shade is more costly, but yields a price premium. This paper analyzes the effects of such restrictions in a general equilibrium setting and shows that such policies may have unanticipated effects. It is shown that in a world with capital mobility, the GSP could result in capital outflows rather than inflows and consumer preferences for shade grown coffee end up hurting labor in developing countries. Even small subsidies that are contingent on the use of domestic intermediates can result in specialization in the targeted good. Value added contingent policies can easily lead to multiple equilibria despite the absence of externalities or market imperfections"--NBER website
Author: Nava Ashraf
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture and state
Languages : en
Pages : 84
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Book Description
This paper seeks to understand the impact of rich-country agricultural support policies on the poor. Using non-parametric analysis we establish the fact that the majority of poor countries are currently net food importers and have been for the past thirty years. Using a a cross-country regression framework we measure the overall impact of agricultural support policies in rich countries on average income per capita in poor countries. We find some evidence that OECD support polices are positively correlated with average incomes in food-importing countries and negatively correlated with average incomes in food-exporting countries. Using the national employment and household consumption and expenditure surveys from Mexico for the period 1991-2000, we examine the implications of a reduction in the price corn on Mexico's corn farmers. We find that the poorest corn farmers in Mexico are net consumers of corn and have been largely unaffected by changes in the price of corn. Middle income corn farmers saw their real income from corn farming fall by more than fifty percent. The real income of the largest corn farmers increased by fourty percent.
