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Author: John C Gower
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 0198510586
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 248
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Book Description
Procrustean methods are used to transform one set of data to represent another set of data as closely as possible. The name derives from the Greek myth where Procrustes invited passers-by in for a pleasant meal and a night's rest on a magical bed that would exactly fit any guest. He then either stretched the guest on the rack or cut off their legs to make them fit perfectly into the bed. Theseus turned the tables on Procrustes, fatally adjusting him to fit his own bed. This text, the first monograph on Procrustes methods, unifies several strands in the literature and contains much new material. It focuses on matching two or more configurations by using orthogonal, projection and oblique axes transformations. Group-average summaries play an important part and links with other group-average methods are discussed. This is the latest in the well-established and authoritative Oxford Statistical Science Series, which includes texts and monographs covering many topics of current research interest in pure and applied statistics. Each title has an original slant even if the material included is not specifically original. The authors are leading researchers and the topics covered will be of interest to all professional statisticians, whether they be in industry, government department or research institute. Other books in the series include 23. W.J.Krzanowski: Principles of multivariate analysis: a user's perspective updated edition 24. J.Durbin and S.J.Koopman: Time series analysis by State Space Models 25. Peter J. Diggle, Patrick Heagerty, Kung-Yee Liang, Scott L. Zeger: Analysis of Longitudinal Data 2/e 26. J.K. Lindsey: Nonlinear Models in Medical Statistics 27. Peter J. Green, Nils L. Hjort & Sylvia Richardson: Highly Structured Stochastic Systems 28. Margaret S. Pepe: The Statistical Evaluation of Medical Tests for Classification and Prediction 29. Christopher G. Small and Jinfang Wang: Numerical Methods for Nonlinear Estimating Equations
Author: John C Gower
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 0198510586
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 248
Get Book Here
Book Description
Procrustean methods are used to transform one set of data to represent another set of data as closely as possible. The name derives from the Greek myth where Procrustes invited passers-by in for a pleasant meal and a night's rest on a magical bed that would exactly fit any guest. He then either stretched the guest on the rack or cut off their legs to make them fit perfectly into the bed. Theseus turned the tables on Procrustes, fatally adjusting him to fit his own bed. This text, the first monograph on Procrustes methods, unifies several strands in the literature and contains much new material. It focuses on matching two or more configurations by using orthogonal, projection and oblique axes transformations. Group-average summaries play an important part and links with other group-average methods are discussed. This is the latest in the well-established and authoritative Oxford Statistical Science Series, which includes texts and monographs covering many topics of current research interest in pure and applied statistics. Each title has an original slant even if the material included is not specifically original. The authors are leading researchers and the topics covered will be of interest to all professional statisticians, whether they be in industry, government department or research institute. Other books in the series include 23. W.J.Krzanowski: Principles of multivariate analysis: a user's perspective updated edition 24. J.Durbin and S.J.Koopman: Time series analysis by State Space Models 25. Peter J. Diggle, Patrick Heagerty, Kung-Yee Liang, Scott L. Zeger: Analysis of Longitudinal Data 2/e 26. J.K. Lindsey: Nonlinear Models in Medical Statistics 27. Peter J. Green, Nils L. Hjort & Sylvia Richardson: Highly Structured Stochastic Systems 28. Margaret S. Pepe: The Statistical Evaluation of Medical Tests for Classification and Prediction 29. Christopher G. Small and Jinfang Wang: Numerical Methods for Nonlinear Estimating Equations
Author: Joseph L. Awange
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9783540234258
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 352
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Book Description
Charity Mupanga, the resilient and maternal proprietor of Harrods International Bar (and Nightspot) faces her toughest challenge in Dizzy Worms, the final novel in Michael Holman's acclaimed trilogy set in the African slum of Kireba. Faced with a Health and Safety closure, Charity has a week to appeal and the chances of success seem negligible: elections are imminent, and Kireba is due to become a showcase of President Josiah Nduka's 'slum rehabilitation program', backed by gullible foreign donors. But before taking on Nduka and the council, she has a promise to keep – to provide a supply of her famous sweet doughballs to a small army of street children, as voracious as they are malodorous . . . Michael Holman uses his witty satirical pen to brilliant effect in this affectionate portrait of a troubled region, targeting local politicians, western diplomats, foreign donors and journalists, puncturing pretensions and questioning the philosophy of aid.
Author: Nassim Nicholas Taleb
Publisher: Random House
ISBN: 0679643680
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 209
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Book Description
The author of the modern classics The Black Swan, Fooled by Randomness, and Antifragile, Nassim Nicholas Taleb expresses major ideas in ways you least expect in this collection of aphorisms and meditations—now expanded with fifty percent more material than the hardcover. The Bed of Procrustes takes its title from the Greek myth of a man who made his visitors fit his bed to perfection, either by stretching them or by cutting their limbs. It represents Taleb’s view of modern civilization’s hubristic side effects—modifying humans to satisfy technology, blaming reality for not fitting economic models, inventing diseases to sell drugs, defining intelligence as what can be tested in a classroom, and convincing people that employment is not slavery. Playful and irreverent, these aphorisms will surprise you by exposing self-delusions you have been living with but never recognized. With a rare combination of pointed wit and potent wisdom, Taleb plows through human illusions, contrasting the classical values of courage, elegance, and erudition with the modern diseases of nerdiness, philistinism, and phonies.
Author: Haruo Yanai
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 4431669965
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 704
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Book Description
At the International Meeting of the Psychometric Society in Osaka, Japan, more than 300 participants from 19 countries gathered to discuss recent developments in the theory and application of psychometrics. This volume of proceedings includes papers on methods of psychometrics such as the structural equation model and item response theory. The book is in eight major sections: keynote speeches and invited lectures; structural equation modeling and factor analysis; IRT and adaptive testing; multivariate statistical methods; scaling; classification methods; and independent and principal component analysis. The 80 papers collected here provide a valuable source of information for all who are concerned with psychometrics, mathematical and statistical applications, and data analysis in psychological and behavioral sciences.
Author: Jon Dattorro
Publisher: Meboo Publishing USA
ISBN: 0976401304
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 776
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Book Description
The study of Euclidean distance matrices (EDMs) fundamentally asks what can be known geometrically given onlydistance information between points in Euclidean space. Each point may represent simply locationor, abstractly, any entity expressible as a vector in finite-dimensional Euclidean space.The answer to the question posed is that very much can be known about the points;the mathematics of this combined study of geometry and optimization is rich and deep.Throughout we cite beacons of historical accomplishment.The application of EDMs has already proven invaluable in discerning biological molecular conformation.The emerging practice of localization in wireless sensor networks, the global positioning system (GPS), and distance-based pattern recognitionwill certainly simplify and benefit from this theory.We study the pervasive convex Euclidean bodies and their various representations.In particular, we make convex polyhedra, cones, and dual cones more visceral through illustration, andwe study the geometric relation of polyhedral cones to nonorthogonal bases biorthogonal expansion.We explain conversion between halfspace- and vertex-descriptions of convex cones,we provide formulae for determining dual cones,and we show how classic alternative systems of linear inequalities or linear matrix inequalities and optimality conditions can be explained by generalized inequalities in terms of convex cones and their duals.The conic analogue to linear independence, called conic independence, is introducedas a new tool in the study of classical cone theory; the logical next step in the progression:linear, affine, conic.Any convex optimization problem has geometric interpretation.This is a powerful attraction: the ability to visualize geometry of an optimization problem.We provide tools to make visualization easier.The concept of faces, extreme points, and extreme directions of convex Euclidean bodiesis explained here, crucial to understanding convex optimization.The convex cone of positive semidefinite matrices, in particular, is studied in depth.We mathematically interpret, for example,its inverse image under affine transformation, and we explainhow higher-rank subsets of its boundary united with its interior are convex.The Chapter on "Geometry of convex functions",observes analogies between convex sets and functions:The set of all vector-valued convex functions is a closed convex cone.Included among the examples in this chapter, we show how the real affinefunction relates to convex functions as the hyperplane relates to convex sets.Here, also, pertinent results formultidimensional convex functions are presented that are largely ignored in the literature;tricks and tips for determining their convexityand discerning their geometry, particularly with regard to matrix calculus which remains largely unsystematizedwhen compared with the traditional practice of ordinary calculus.Consequently, we collect some results of matrix differentiation in the appendices.The Euclidean distance matrix (EDM) is studied,its properties and relationship to both positive semidefinite and Gram matrices.We relate the EDM to the four classical axioms of the Euclidean metric;thereby, observing the existence of an infinity of axioms of the Euclidean metric beyondthe triangle inequality. We proceed byderiving the fifth Euclidean axiom and then explain why furthering this endeavoris inefficient because the ensuing criteria (while describing polyhedra)grow linearly in complexity and number.Some geometrical problems solvable via EDMs,EDM problems posed as convex optimization, and methods of solution arepresented;\eg, we generate a recognizable isotonic map of the United States usingonly comparative distance information (no distance information, only distance inequalities).We offer a new proof of the classic Schoenberg criterion, that determines whether a candidate matrix is an EDM. Our proofrelies on fundamental geometry; assuming, any EDM must correspond to a list of points contained in some polyhedron(possibly at its vertices) and vice versa.It is not widely known that the Schoenberg criterion implies nonnegativity of the EDM entries; proved here.We characterize the eigenvalues of an EDM matrix and then devisea polyhedral cone required for determining membership of a candidate matrix(in Cayley-Menger form) to the convex cone of Euclidean distance matrices (EDM cone); \ie,a candidate is an EDM if and only if its eigenspectrum belongs to a spectral cone for EDM^N.We will see spectral cones are not unique.In the chapter "EDM cone", we explain the geometric relationship betweenthe EDM cone, two positive semidefinite cones, and the elliptope.We illustrate geometric requirements, in particular, for projection of a candidate matrixon a positive semidefinite cone that establish its membership to the EDM cone. The faces of the EDM cone are described,but still open is the question whether all its faces are exposed as they are for the positive semidefinite cone.The classic Schoenberg criterion, relating EDM and positive semidefinite cones, isrevealed to be a discretized membership relation (a generalized inequality, a new Farkas''''''''-like lemma)between the EDM cone and its ordinary dual. A matrix criterion for membership to the dual EDM cone is derived thatis simpler than the Schoenberg criterion.We derive a new concise expression for the EDM cone and its dual involvingtwo subspaces and a positive semidefinite cone."Semidefinite programming" is reviewedwith particular attention to optimality conditionsof prototypical primal and dual conic programs,their interplay, and the perturbation method of rank reduction of optimal solutions(extant but not well-known).We show how to solve a ubiquitous platonic combinatorial optimization problem from linear algebra(the optimal Boolean solution x to Ax=b)via semidefinite program relaxation.A three-dimensional polyhedral analogue for the positive semidefinite cone of 3X3 symmetricmatrices is introduced; a tool for visualizing in 6 dimensions.In "EDM proximity"we explore methods of solution to a few fundamental and prevalentEuclidean distance matrix proximity problems; the problem of finding that Euclidean distance matrix closestto a given matrix in the Euclidean sense.We pay particular attention to the problem when compounded with rank minimization.We offer a new geometrical proof of a famous result discovered by Eckart \& Young in 1936 regarding Euclideanprojection of a point on a subset of the positive semidefinite cone comprising all positive semidefinite matriceshaving rank not exceeding a prescribed limit rho.We explain how this problem is transformed to a convex optimization for any rank rho.
Author: Jaap Kamps
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031282388
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 735
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Book Description
The three-volume set LNCS 13980, 13981 and 13982 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 45th European Conference on IR Research, ECIR 2023, held in Dublin, Ireland, during April 2-6, 2023. The 65 full papers, 41 short papers, 19 demonstration papers, 12 reproducibility papers consortium papers, 7 tutorial papers, and 10 doctorial consortium papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 489 submissions. The book also contains, 8 workshop summaries and 13 CLEF Lab descriptions. The accepted papers cover the state of the art in information retrieval focusing on user aspects, system and foundational aspects, machine learning, applications, evaluation, new social and technical challenges, and other topics of direct or indirect relevance to search.
Author: Nickolay Trendafilov
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030769747
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 467
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Book Description
This graduate-level textbook aims to give a unified presentation and solution of several commonly used techniques for multivariate data analysis (MDA). Unlike similar texts, it treats the MDA problems as optimization problems on matrix manifolds defined by the MDA model parameters, allowing them to be solved using (free) optimization software Manopt. The book includes numerous in-text examples as well as Manopt codes and software guides, which can be applied directly or used as templates for solving similar and new problems. The first two chapters provide an overview and essential background for studying MDA, giving basic information and notations. Next, it considers several sets of matrices routinely used in MDA as parameter spaces, along with their basic topological properties. A brief introduction to matrix (Riemannian) manifolds and optimization methods on them with Manopt complete the MDA prerequisite. The remaining chapters study individual MDA techniques in depth. The number of exercises complement the main text with additional information and occasionally involve open and/or challenging research questions. Suitable fields include computational statistics, data analysis, data mining and data science, as well as theoretical computer science, machine learning and optimization. It is assumed that the readers have some familiarity with MDA and some experience with matrix analysis, computing, and optimization.
Author: Hoang Pham
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 1447175034
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1136
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Book Description
In today’s global and highly competitive environment, continuous improvement in the processes and products of any field of engineering is essential for survival. This book gathers together the full range of statistical techniques required by engineers from all fields. It will assist them to gain sensible statistical feedback on how their processes or products are functioning and to give them realistic predictions of how these could be improved. The handbook will be essential reading for all engineers and engineering-connected managers who are serious about keeping their methods and products at the cutting edge of quality and competitiveness.
Author: Walter Gander
Publisher: Springer Science & Business
ISBN: 3319043250
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 926
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Book Description
Scientific computing is the study of how to use computers effectively to solve problems that arise from the mathematical modeling of phenomena in science and engineering. It is based on mathematics, numerical and symbolic/algebraic computations and visualization. This book serves as an introduction to both the theory and practice of scientific computing, with each chapter presenting the basic algorithms that serve as the workhorses of many scientific codes; we explain both the theory behind these algorithms and how they must be implemented in order to work reliably in finite-precision arithmetic. The book includes many programs written in Matlab and Maple – Maple is often used to derive numerical algorithms, whereas Matlab is used to implement them. The theory is developed in such a way that students can learn by themselves as they work through the text. Each chapter contains numerous examples and problems to help readers understand the material “hands-on”.
Author: Sabine Van Huffel
Publisher: SIAM
ISBN: 0898712750
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 302
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Book Description
This is the first book devoted entirely to total least squares. The authors give a unified presentation of the TLS problem. A description of its basic principles are given, the various algebraic, statistical and sensitivity properties of the problem are discussed, and generalizations are presented. Applications are surveyed to facilitate uses in an even wider range of applications. Whenever possible, comparison is made with the well-known least squares methods. A basic knowledge of numerical linear algebra, matrix computations, and some notion of elementary statistics is required of the reader; however, some background material is included to make the book reasonably self-contained.
