Procesos de Oxidación Avanzada Para El Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales Industriales Contaminadas Con 1,4 Dioxano PDF Download

Author: Helen Barndok
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Languages : en
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Book Description
Water quality is becoming one of the biggest emerging problems of the industrial world. As the public awareness of environmental protection and water pollution increases, the legislation on wastewater discharge is also becoming stricter and new monitoring, risk management and control policies are adopted every year. Therefore, improved wastewater reclamation technologies are required to meet the stringent discharge limits for toxic and hazardous substances. Among the common industrial wastewater contaminants are organic solvents, used as cleaning agents, dissolvents, dispersion medium, viscosity and surface tension adjusters, plasticisers, preservatives, etc. A great number of the industrial solvents and their stabilizing chemicals are biorefractory and even toxic to the bacterial communities in conventional wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). In fact, the solvent stabilizers used to avoid solvent break down (antioxidants, acid acceptors, corrosion inhibitors, etc.) are meant to be especially persistent as they are chosen specifically for their ability to remain stable throughout the industrial processes. One of the persistent and problematic solvents, corrosion inhibitors and swelling agents is 1,4- dioxane. Despite the stricter discharge limits, it is continuously discovered in secondary effluents of conventional WWTPs as well as in natural water supplies. This synthetic cyclic ether comes into our water resources primarily from direct use in, for instance, pharmaceutical industry and polymer (plastics, rubber and fibre) production, but it is also generated as an industrial by-product of, for example, ethoxylated surfactants production or polyester and resin manufacture. 1,4-Dioxane may pose a multitude of harmful health effects, such as kidney failure and liver damage; furthermore, it is also classified as a probable human carcinogen. Unfortunately, the traditional methods of treating wastewaters with organic solvents (including distillation, air stripping, carbon adsorption, membrane processes and conventional biological treatment) tend to fail in completely removing the 1,4-dioxane due to its high solubility, low vapour pressure and biorefractory nature. Thus, more efficient wastewater treatment methods are needed to prevent the pile-up of this persistent and bioaccumulative chemical in the environment. The objective of this PhD thesis was driven by an actual industrial case of water contamination by 1,4-dioxane that was not degraded by the conventional wastewater treatment in the biological unit of the plant and, thus, remained in the final effluent at high concentrations. Through extensive research during the last two decades, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have shown a great capacity to decontaminate industrial effluents containing diverse biorefractory substances. Therefore, this alternative was chosen for the treatment of this effluent during the development of this doctoral thesis...