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Author: Mark Elwood Lincicome
Publisher: University of Hawaii Press
ISBN: 9780824816209
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 360
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Book Description
Scholars of modern Japan agree that education played a crucial role in that country's rapid modernization during the Meiji period (1868-1912). With few exceptions, however, Western approaches to the subject treat education as an instrument of change controlled by the Meiji political and intellectual elite. Principle, Praxis, and the Politics of Educational Reform in Meiji Japan offers a corrective to this view. By introducing primary source materials (including teaching manuals, educational periodicals, and primary school textbooks) missing from most English-language works, Mark Lincicome examines an early case of resistance to government control that developed within the community of professional educators. He focuses on what began, in 1872, as an attempt by the newly established Ministry of Education to train a corps of professional teachers that could "civilize and enlighten" the masses in compulsory primary schools. Through the Tokyo Normal School and other new teacher training schools sponsored by the government, the ministry began what it thought was a straightforward "technology transfer" of the latest teaching methods and materials from the United States and Europe. Little did the ministry realize that it was planting the seeds of broader reform that would challenge not only its underlying doctrine of education, but its very authority over education. The reform movement centered around efforts to explicate and disseminate the doctrine of kaihatsushugi (developmental education). Hailed as a modern, scientific approach to child education, it rejected rote memorization and passive learning, elements of the so-called method of "pouring in" (chunyu) knowledge practiced during the preceding Tokugawa period, and sought instead to cultivate the unique, innate abilities of each child. Orthodox ideas of "education," "knowledge," and the process by which children learn were challenged. The position and responsibilities of the teacher were enhanced, consequently providing educators with a claim to professional authority and autonomy - at a time when the Meiji state was attempting to control every facet of the Japanese school system. Principle, Praxis, and the Politics of Educational Reform in Meiji Japan analyzes a key element to understanding Meiji development and modern Japan as a whole.
Author: Mark Elwood Lincicome
Publisher: University of Hawaii Press
ISBN: 9780824816209
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 360
Get Book Here
Book Description
Scholars of modern Japan agree that education played a crucial role in that country's rapid modernization during the Meiji period (1868-1912). With few exceptions, however, Western approaches to the subject treat education as an instrument of change controlled by the Meiji political and intellectual elite. Principle, Praxis, and the Politics of Educational Reform in Meiji Japan offers a corrective to this view. By introducing primary source materials (including teaching manuals, educational periodicals, and primary school textbooks) missing from most English-language works, Mark Lincicome examines an early case of resistance to government control that developed within the community of professional educators. He focuses on what began, in 1872, as an attempt by the newly established Ministry of Education to train a corps of professional teachers that could "civilize and enlighten" the masses in compulsory primary schools. Through the Tokyo Normal School and other new teacher training schools sponsored by the government, the ministry began what it thought was a straightforward "technology transfer" of the latest teaching methods and materials from the United States and Europe. Little did the ministry realize that it was planting the seeds of broader reform that would challenge not only its underlying doctrine of education, but its very authority over education. The reform movement centered around efforts to explicate and disseminate the doctrine of kaihatsushugi (developmental education). Hailed as a modern, scientific approach to child education, it rejected rote memorization and passive learning, elements of the so-called method of "pouring in" (chunyu) knowledge practiced during the preceding Tokugawa period, and sought instead to cultivate the unique, innate abilities of each child. Orthodox ideas of "education," "knowledge," and the process by which children learn were challenged. The position and responsibilities of the teacher were enhanced, consequently providing educators with a claim to professional authority and autonomy - at a time when the Meiji state was attempting to control every facet of the Japanese school system. Principle, Praxis, and the Politics of Educational Reform in Meiji Japan analyzes a key element to understanding Meiji development and modern Japan as a whole.
Author: Timothy M. Yang
Publisher: Cornell University Press
ISBN: 1501756265
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 354
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Book Description
In A Medicated Empire, Timothy M. Yang explores the history of Japan's pharmaceutical industry in the early twentieth century through a close account of Hoshi Pharmaceuticals, one of East Asia's most influential drug companies from the late 1910s through the early 1950s. Focusing on Hoshi's connections to Japan's emerging nation-state and empire, and on the ways in which it embraced an ideology of modern medicine as a humanitarian endeavor for greater social good, Yang shows how the industry promoted a hygienic, middle-class culture that was part of Japan's national development and imperial expansion. Yang makes clear that the company's fortunes had less to do with scientific breakthroughs and medical innovations than with Japan's web of social, political, and economic relations. He lays bare Hoshi's business strategies and its connections with politicians and bureaucrats, and he describes how public health authorities dismissed many of its products as placebos at best and poisons at worst. Hoshi, like other pharmaceutical companies of the time, depended on resources and markets opened up, often violently, through colonization. Combining global histories of business, medicine, and imperialism, A Medicated Empire shows how the development of the pharmaceutical industry simultaneously supported and subverted regimes of public health at home and abroad.
Author: Satoko Kakihara
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN: 1793611610
Category : Literary Criticism
Languages : en
Pages : 163
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Book Description
In Women’s Performative Writing and Identity Construction in the Japanese Empire, the author examines how writers captured various experiences of living under imperialism in their fiction and nonfiction works. Through an examination of texts by writers producing in different parts of the empire (including the Japanese metropole and the colonies and territories of Taiwan, Korea, and Manchukuo), the book explores how women negotiated the social and personal changes brought about by modernization of the social institutions of education, marriage, family, and labor. Looking at works by writers including young students in Manchukuo, Japanese writer Hani Motoko, Korean writer Chang Tŏk-cho, and Taiwanese writer Yang Ch’ien-Ho, the book sheds light upon how the act and product of writing became a site for women to articulate their hopes and desires while also processing sociopolitical expectations. The author argues that women used their practice of writing to construct their sense of self. The book ultimately shows us how the words we write make us who we are.
Author: Lauren Lefty
Publisher: Johns Hopkins University Press
ISBN: 1421438291
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 335
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Book Description
Examining teacher education in an international context, this book captures the diversity of the world's educators. Many countries confront surprisingly similar challenges in preparing K–12 educators for success, while national contexts also make for surprising differences. In Teaching the World's Teachers, education historians Lauren Lefty and James W. Fraser and their contributors make a convincing case for approaching these shared challenges from a more global and historically minded perspective. Written by education scholars from eleven different countries—Argentina, Brazil, Catalonia-Spain, China, England, Finland, Ghana, Israel, Singapore, South Africa, and the United States—this book provides histories of teacher education reforms between roughly 1980 and 2020. The authors show how international trends that emerged during this period collided with national and regional contexts to produce unique teacher education systems in different nations. While in some countries the embrace of markets and competition led to a deregulation of the teacher preparation field, in others teaching became a highly regulated and centralized affair. At the same time, ideas and structural models cross borders and education leaders borrow from each other while reshaping plans in each place. Opening with a broad historical overview of global teacher education models beginning in the late eighteenth century, Teaching the World's Teachers argues that the field has long been characterized by cross-border connections—but shaped by geopolitical hierarchies of power. In an era when teacher quality is widely recognized as one of the most important factors in a child's education, this volume encourages dialogue among teacher educators and policymakers around the world. By understanding the context and contingency of where we have been, the authors hope that readers will walk away with a more empowered sense of where we are headed in the all-important task of teaching the world's teachers. Contributors: Kwame Akyeampong, Richard Andrews, Azeem Badroodien, Maria Inês G. F. Marcondes de Souza, Gustavo E. Fischman, James W. Fraser, Guangwei Hu, Arie Kizel, Jari Lavonen, Lauren Lefty, Wei Liao, Jason Loh, Silvana Mesquita, Hannele Niemi, Lily Orland-Barak, Paula Razquin, Carol Anne Spreen, Eduard Vallory, Yisu Zhou
Author: Leonid E. Grinin
Publisher: ООО "Издательство "Учитель"
ISBN: 5705750269
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 400
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Book Description
The present volume is the fifth in the series of yearbooks with the title Globalistics and Globalization Studies. The subtitle of the present volume is Global Transformations and Global Future. We become more and more accustomed to think globally and to see global processes. And our future can all means be global. However, is this statement justified? Indeed, in recent years, many have begun to claim that globalization has stalled, that we are rather dealing with the process of anti-globalization. Will not we find ourselves at some point again in an edifice spanning across the globe, but divided into national apartments, separated by walls of high tariffs and mutual suspicion? Of course, some setbacks are always possible, because the process of globalization cannot develop smoothly. It is a process which is itself emerging from contradictions and is shaped by a new contradiction. They often go much further than underlying systemic changes allow. They break forward, as the vanguard of a victorious army, and then often meet resistance of various social and political forces and may suddenly start to roll back just at the moment when everyone expects their further offensive. We believe that this is what is happening with globalization at present. The yearbook will be interesting to a wide range of researchers, teachers, students and all those who are concerned about global issues.
Author: Maria Teresa Tatto
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN: 1350068691
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 328
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Book Description
Knowledge, Policy and Practice in Teacher Education reviews the evolution of education policy on initial teacher education as an indicator of the knowledge that is considered important for nation building. It also looks at research on approaches and structures to initial teacher learning as an indication of the intellectual and moral direction to which schooling must aspire. Contributors look at these dynamics across a range of societies including Australia, the Czech Republic, England, Finland, Hong Kong, Israel, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Mexico, Russia, and the USA. Using a review of the literature approach within a comparative framework, the book seeks to answer the following questions for each country: What has been the evolution of different approaches to learning to teach in each setting, and what factors have influenced change over the years? What are the underlying theories that characterize past and current thinking about the knowledge, skills and dispositions needed by teachers and what evidence is used to support these theories? What does a review on the state of the knowledge about teacher education over the past 30 years reveal about the evolution of the research and knowledge traditions that have supported current and past innovations in teacher education? Maria Teresa Tatto and Ian Menter explore international variability in different conceptions of knowledge in the context of learning to teach and explore the way in which national and international influences interact in the developing trajectories of teacher education policy and practice, considering what knowledge is considered important for teachers to have.
Author: Graham Crookes
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0521529980
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 318
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Book Description
A Practicum in TESOL is a valuable source book for both teacher educators and classroom teachers. It ranges widely across key areas of practice from the nitty-gritty of lesson planning and classroom management, through conceptual areas such as motivation and observation, to crucial if more abstract aspects, such as teachers beliefs and values. It also delves into the moral and political dimensions of teaching. Discussion of these areas, though well-grounded in relevant academic literatures, is also supported by extensive quotes from real teachers working on their practice. The treatment is sufficiently challenging to interest the experienced teacher, while covering matters of basic practice that would be of concern to the beginner. Anyone doing a TESOL practicum will want to use this book whether as an in-service teacher or as a teacher longing to further their professional development. A Practicum in TESOL can be used individually or in groups.
Author: Vladimir Tikhonov
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9004190139
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 267
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Book Description
The book deals with the influences Social Darwinism exerted upon Korea’s modern ideologies in their formative period - especially nationalism – after its introduction to Korea in 1883 and before Korea’s annexation by Japan in 1910. It shows that the belief in the “survival of the fittest” as the overarching cosmic and social principle constituted the main underpinning for the modernity discourses in Korea in the 1890s-1900s. Unlike the dominant ideology of traditional Korea, Neo-Confucianism, which was largely promoted by the scholar-official elite, Social Darwinism appealed to the modern intellectuals, but also to the entrepreneurs, providing the justification for their profit-seeking activities as part of the “national survival” project. As an ideology of Korea’s nascent capitalism, Social Darwinism in Korea could, however, hardly be called a liberal creed: it clearly prioritized “national survival” over individual rights and interests.
Author: Joseph Zajda
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9048132185
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 235
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Book Description
The Politics of Education Reforms, which is the ninth volume in the 12-volume book series Globalisation, Comparative Education and Policy Research, presents scholarly research on major discourses concerning the politics of education reforms globally. It provides an easily accessible, practical yet scholarly source of information about recent developments in globalisation, comparative edu- tion and education reforms. Above all, the book offers the latest findings to the critical issues concerning major discourses surrounding education reforms in the global culture. It is a sourcebook of ideas for researchers, practitioners and policy makers in education, and schooling around the world. It offers a timely overview of current policy issues affecting research in comparative education of education reforms. It provides directions in education, and policy research, relevant to p- gressive pedagogy, social change and transformational educational reforms in the twenty-first century. The book critically examines the overall interplay between the state, ideology and current discourses of education reforms in the global culture. It draws upon recent studies in the areas of globalisation, academic achievement, standards, equity and the role of the State (Carnoy 1999; Zajda 2008a, b). It explores c- ceptual frameworks and methodological approaches applicable in the research covering the State, globalisation, and quality-driven education reforms. It dem- strates the neo-liberal ideological imperatives of education and policy reform, affecting schooling globally (see also Zajda 2005). Various book chapters critique the dominant discourses and debates pertaining to comparative education d- courses on reforms and neo-liberal ideology in education.
Author: William Puck Brecher
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9004450157
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 384
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Book Description
Japan's Private Spheres: Autonomy in Japanese History, 1600-1930 explores the genesis and historical development of autonomy and its evolving relationship with public authority in early modern and modern Japan.
