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Author: Antonino De Simone
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Coral fisheries
Languages : en
Pages : 52
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Book Description
Author: Antonino De Simone
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Coral fisheries
Languages : en
Pages : 52
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Book Description
Author: Iwasaki Nozomu
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN: 1527571068
Category : Art
Languages : en
Pages : 145
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Book Description
Drawing on diverse perspectives, this collection of 12 essays and around 150 colour illustrations explores the history and mysteries of the “Coral Road” from the Mediterranean to Japan. From Italy, with its ancient traditions of deep-sea coral fishery, production and trade, the reader is transported to Tibet and India, where coral has long been revered as a Buddhist treasure and amulet. The focus then moves to Japan, with the book highlighting the vivid red coral “tree” of folklore and festivals and the lavish use of the exotic gemstone in the magnificent accessories and craftwork of the Edo Period (1603–1868), before tracing the history of Japanese coral fishery, trade and production in modern times. Inspired by an urgently perceived need to preserve the legacy of precious coral for future generations, this retrospective, yet forward-looking, book will appeal to a wide readership, from marine ecologists to economic, social, cultural and religious historians, as well as scholars of fashion and design.
Author: Luwei Fan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Precious coral, with attractive pink-to-red colour, has been used for ornamental purposes for several thousand years. According to the related science, attractive red precious corals material, are defined to the class Anthozoa, subclass Octocorallia, order Alcyonacea, suborder Scleraxonia, and family Coralliidae in zootaxy. About 30 species are discovered in Coralliidae family compared to the huge Cnidaria phylum. Corallium rubrum, Corallium japonicum, and Corallium elatius are the three main species in Coralliidae family used for jewelry material in the gem market. The purpose of this chapter is to show the nature of animals in Coralliidae family, analyze the nondestructive test methods to identify the natural species from the imitations, and discuss the origin of colour and the interactions in between the organic matrix and mineral. The chapter was organized in six parts. The first part reviews the history of precious coral used for different purposes by humans and then describes exact affiliation of precious coral on zoology and taxonomy. The second part deals with the biology and formation of precious coral. The paragraph also presents the information about Coralliidae colonies' sexual maturity, life span, growth rate, and mortality. The trade market and conservation are also summarized in this part. The gemological properties of C. rubrum, C. japonicum, and C. elatius, the main species in precious coral market, are introduced in the third part. As a consequence, an effective and nondestructive identification method to distinguish natural precious corals from their imitations was stated with Raman spectra as demonstrated in the fourth part. In the fifth part, the origin of precious coral colour based on the results of Raman scattering measurements and PeakFit analysis is demonstrated. Three different excitation wavelengths (785, 633, and 514 nm) were used for the same samples at the same points. The result shows that all of the samples are coloured by a mixture of pigments. Different colours are explained by different mixtures, not by a single pigment. Organic composition, even present in a small amount, plays an important role in the colour of precious corals. The sixth part concludes the text by presenting what we have learned from the experimental data of microscope, SEM, TEM, and EBSD. The spatial relationship between the organic matrix and mineral components is determined by SEM observation on decalcification-treated samples. By integration of the results from nanometer to centimeter-scale detections, a hierarchical structure of precious coral is revealed. In the skeleton of precious coral, building blocks are arranged into several hierarchical levels of oriented modules. The modules in each hierarchical level assemble into larger unit that comprises the next higher level of the hierarchy. Precious coral, as a member of biomineral family, assembled skeleton as a delicate arrangement of a hierarchy of crystals with well-defined orientations under the control of organic matrix. Organic matrix works in both colour pigment and architecture field for the precious coral.
Author: R. N. Gibson
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1439859256
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 578
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Book Description
Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review, Volume 48
Author: Nemer Narchi
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319237632
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 254
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Book Description
This book explores the ethnobiology of corals by examining the various ways in which humans, past and present, have exploited and taken care of coral and coralline habitats. This book will bring the educated general audience closer to corals by exploring the various circumstances of human-coral coexistence by providing scientifically sound and jargon-free perspectives and experiences from across the globe. Corals are a vital part of the marine environment since they promote and sustain marine and global biodiversity while providing numerous other environmental and cultural services. Countless valuable coral conservation efforts are published in academic and general audience venues on a daily basis. However relevant, few of these reports show a direct, deeper understanding of the intimate relationship between people and corals throughout the world’s societies. Ethnobiology of Corals and Coral Reefs establishes an intimate bond between the audience and the wonder of corals and their importance to humankind.
Author: Michele Currie Navakas
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 0691240108
Category : Literary Criticism
Languages : en
Pages : 232
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Book Description
A literary and cultural history of coral—as an essential element of the marine ecosystem, a personal ornament, a global commodity, and a powerful political metaphor Today, coral and the human-caused threats to coral reef ecosystems symbolize our ongoing planetary crisis. In the nineteenth century, coral represented something else; as a recurring motif in American literature and culture, it shaped popular ideas about human society and politics. In Coral Lives, Michele Currie Navakas tells the story of coral as an essential element of the marine ecosystem, a cherished personal ornament, a global commodity, and a powerful political metaphor. Drawing on a wide range of sources, including works by such writers as Sarah Josepha Hale, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Frances Ellen Watkins Harper, and George Washington Cable, Navakas shows how coral once helped Americans to recognize both the potential and the limits of interdependence—to imagine that their society could grow, like a coral reef, by sustaining rather than displacing others. Navakas shows how coral became deeply entwined with the histories of slavery, wage labor, and women’s reproductive and domestic work. If coral seemed to some nineteenth-century American writers to be a metaphor for a truly just collective society, it also showed them, by analogy, that society can seem most robust precisely when it is in fact most unfree for the laborers sustaining it. Navakas’s trailblazing cultural history reveals that coral has long been conceptually indispensable to humans, and its loss is more than biological. Without it, we lose some of our most complex political imaginings, recognitions, reckonings, and longings.
Author: John Malcolm Shick
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781780239347
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
For millennia corals were a marine enigma confounding classification and occupying a space between the animal and vegetable kingdoms. Ultimately their animal and symbiotic natures were recognized, and they remain the focus of intense fascination and research. The danger to seafarers posed by unseen underwater coral reefs led to their association with death and interment that has figured in literature, poetry, music and film. The bright redness of precious Mediterranean coral was associated with blood, including coral's gory origin in European and Indian mythology, and its place in religion. Corals have long been prized as jewellery and ornament, and were a feature of many Kunstkammer collections during the Renaissance. Seen as "rainforests of the sea", coral reefs have become greenly emblematic of fragile marine biodiversity, warning of human-driven global climate change. This book uniquely treats the many manifestations of corals in biology and geology; how diverse corals came to figure in art, expeditionary accounts, medicine, folklore, geopolitics, and international trade; and corals as builders of islands and protectors of coastlines, and as building materials themselves. Exceptionally illustrated with a wide range of natural history images, underwater photographs and fine art, this book provides a unique resource for all interested in ocean environments and the cultures that have flourished there.
Author: D.J. Conway
Publisher: Crossing Press
ISBN: 0307785866
Category : Body, Mind & Spirit
Languages : en
Pages : 345
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Book Description
Unlock the secrets of the crystal healing with this A to Z guide to 100 types of stones. You don’t have to have extensive background in magic to make use of any stone. In fact, you don’t have to know about magic at all. If you are facing a difficult situation and feel you need protection and courage, wear garnets. Do you want to attract a lover? Use rose quartz or ruby. Are you troubled by negative vibrations? Wear, carry, or keep near you black onyx or obsidian. Listing their physical properties and magical uses, Crystal Enhancements will help guide you in your choice of stones from Adularia to Zircon. This book will also appeal to those who simply love stones and want to know more about them.
Author: Kathleen Davidson
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN: 1501352792
Category : Art
Languages : en
Pages : 353
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Book Description
How did scientists, artists, designers, manufacturers and amateur enthusiasts experience and value the sea and its products? Examining the commoditization of the ocean world during the nineteenth century, this book demonstrates how the transaction of oceanic objects inspired a multifaceted material discourse stemming from scientific exploration, colonial expansion, industrialization, and the rise of middle-class leisure. From the seashore to the seabed, marine organisms and environments, made tangible through processing and representational technologies, captivated practitioners and audiences. Combining essays and case studies by scholars, curators, and scientists, Sea Currents investigates the collecting and display, illustration and ornamentation, and trade and consumption of marine flora and fauna, analysing their material, aesthetic and commercial dimensions. Traversing global art history, the history of science, empire studies, anthropology, ecocriticism and material culture, this book surveys the currency of marine matter embedded in the economies and ecologies of a modernizing ocean world.
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9251316988
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 278
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Book Description
This document has been prepared by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), in accordance with a request from CITES (CoP Decision 17.191 on Precious corals, for consideration at the 30th meeting of the Animals Committee). The report concerns precious (red, pink, white and black) coral species within the hexacoral order Antipatharia, and the octocoral family Coralliidae. According to the requirements of CITES Decision 17.191, the study considers all available data and information on the biology, population status, use and trade in each species, including the identification of gaps in such data and information. It contains information on the management and harvest regulation schemes for these coral species, with the aim of considering the effectiveness of their management and conservation. The report intends to inform the CITES parties of the status of the management and trade of precious corals, in order to provide guidance on the actions needed to enhance the conservation and sustainable use of precious corals.
