Author: Hebatallah Adam
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 104022430X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 306
Book Description
Global polycrisis refers to the simultaneous occurrence of multiple interconnected crises. It is marked by the convergence and interaction of combined events, such as geopolitical tensions, economic instability, environmental degradation, public health emergencies, and social disturbance. In this context, this book explores the challenges and opportunities encountered by the Global South amid political instability, climate change, humanitarian crises, technological advancements, and regional cooperation. The book adopts a multidisciplinary framework, integrating theoretical studies with empirical cases from various southern regions in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. This approach helps to foster an in-depth understanding of the complex challenges associated with development in these regions. The book emphasizes the perspectives and experiences of Global South countries, providing a platform for their voices to be heard. This allows readers to gain a more nuanced understanding of the unique contexts, perspectives, and successful experiences of countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Furthermore, it investigates issues such as governance, security, migration, development, and emergent technologies, illuminates the role of regional organizations in fostering regional integration, peace, and stability and ultimately, provides a comprehensive and refined analysis of the Global South that challenges prevalent stereotypes and offers new perspectives on the world’s complex realities today. It includes case studies that enhance the practical relevance of the book, offering real-world examples that illustrate the theoretical concepts and highlightingsuccessful approaches to addressing development challenges. The book will appeal to scholars, researchers, and students interested in comprehending and addressing the challenges encountered by the Global South in a time of global polycrisis.
Polycrisis and Economic Development in the Global South
Author: Hebatallah Adam
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 104022430X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 306
Book Description
Global polycrisis refers to the simultaneous occurrence of multiple interconnected crises. It is marked by the convergence and interaction of combined events, such as geopolitical tensions, economic instability, environmental degradation, public health emergencies, and social disturbance. In this context, this book explores the challenges and opportunities encountered by the Global South amid political instability, climate change, humanitarian crises, technological advancements, and regional cooperation. The book adopts a multidisciplinary framework, integrating theoretical studies with empirical cases from various southern regions in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. This approach helps to foster an in-depth understanding of the complex challenges associated with development in these regions. The book emphasizes the perspectives and experiences of Global South countries, providing a platform for their voices to be heard. This allows readers to gain a more nuanced understanding of the unique contexts, perspectives, and successful experiences of countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Furthermore, it investigates issues such as governance, security, migration, development, and emergent technologies, illuminates the role of regional organizations in fostering regional integration, peace, and stability and ultimately, provides a comprehensive and refined analysis of the Global South that challenges prevalent stereotypes and offers new perspectives on the world’s complex realities today. It includes case studies that enhance the practical relevance of the book, offering real-world examples that illustrate the theoretical concepts and highlightingsuccessful approaches to addressing development challenges. The book will appeal to scholars, researchers, and students interested in comprehending and addressing the challenges encountered by the Global South in a time of global polycrisis.
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 104022430X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 306
Book Description
Global polycrisis refers to the simultaneous occurrence of multiple interconnected crises. It is marked by the convergence and interaction of combined events, such as geopolitical tensions, economic instability, environmental degradation, public health emergencies, and social disturbance. In this context, this book explores the challenges and opportunities encountered by the Global South amid political instability, climate change, humanitarian crises, technological advancements, and regional cooperation. The book adopts a multidisciplinary framework, integrating theoretical studies with empirical cases from various southern regions in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. This approach helps to foster an in-depth understanding of the complex challenges associated with development in these regions. The book emphasizes the perspectives and experiences of Global South countries, providing a platform for their voices to be heard. This allows readers to gain a more nuanced understanding of the unique contexts, perspectives, and successful experiences of countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Furthermore, it investigates issues such as governance, security, migration, development, and emergent technologies, illuminates the role of regional organizations in fostering regional integration, peace, and stability and ultimately, provides a comprehensive and refined analysis of the Global South that challenges prevalent stereotypes and offers new perspectives on the world’s complex realities today. It includes case studies that enhance the practical relevance of the book, offering real-world examples that illustrate the theoretical concepts and highlightingsuccessful approaches to addressing development challenges. The book will appeal to scholars, researchers, and students interested in comprehending and addressing the challenges encountered by the Global South in a time of global polycrisis.
Inclusive Economic Growth in India
Author: Shiladitya Chatterjee
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1040265812
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 184
Book Description
Chatterjee discusses India’s economic strengths and weaknesses and its progress towards inclusive growth by providing an overview of the Indian economy, its future challenges and current policy strategies. Chatterjee’s overview of the economy touches on its historical, geographical and socio-political context. Considering the factors that contribute to its current growth such as India’s low dependency ratio, vast internal market and growing private sector and entrepreneurial class, he argues that inclusive growth rests amongst others on agricultural transformation and targeted policies that address the needs of medium, small and microenterprises (MSMEs) which dominate industry and constitute the majority of the informal and services economy; and also interventions directed at social groups and geographical regions falling behind. Benchmarking India’s progress on achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), this book closes by advancing policy options to address various inequities and deprivations including social inequalities, in particular the issues of ethnic division, gender and caste, going beyond the blunt instrument of affirmative action. Having served at the state and central levels of Indian government and the Asian Development Bank, Chatterjee presents the pressing issues of inclusive growth in India in an accessible volume, one of interest to development economists, researchers in development studies and inclusive growth as well as policy makers.
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1040265812
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 184
Book Description
Chatterjee discusses India’s economic strengths and weaknesses and its progress towards inclusive growth by providing an overview of the Indian economy, its future challenges and current policy strategies. Chatterjee’s overview of the economy touches on its historical, geographical and socio-political context. Considering the factors that contribute to its current growth such as India’s low dependency ratio, vast internal market and growing private sector and entrepreneurial class, he argues that inclusive growth rests amongst others on agricultural transformation and targeted policies that address the needs of medium, small and microenterprises (MSMEs) which dominate industry and constitute the majority of the informal and services economy; and also interventions directed at social groups and geographical regions falling behind. Benchmarking India’s progress on achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), this book closes by advancing policy options to address various inequities and deprivations including social inequalities, in particular the issues of ethnic division, gender and caste, going beyond the blunt instrument of affirmative action. Having served at the state and central levels of Indian government and the Asian Development Bank, Chatterjee presents the pressing issues of inclusive growth in India in an accessible volume, one of interest to development economists, researchers in development studies and inclusive growth as well as policy makers.
Financial Inclusion and Sustainable Development in Sub-Saharan Africa
Author: David Mhlanga
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1040300634
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 314
Book Description
This book delves into the transformative power of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) in reshaping the landscape of sustainable development in one of the world's most vibrant regions. This edited volume explores the synergy between cutting-edge digital technologies and innovative financial strategies to drive responsible business practices that align with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This book navigates the complex interplay between technological advancements, financial inclusion, corporate social responsibility, environmental stewardship, and ethical governance. It critically assesses how digital innovations—ranging from artificial intelligence, blockchain, and the Internet of Things (IoT) to green technologies and fintech—alongside novel financial instruments such as green bonds and impact investing, can address key concerns such as poverty alleviation, gender parity, and environmental sustainability. With a wide range of expert contributions, this volume offers useful insights and practical solutions to promote financial inclusion and encourage sustainable growth in Sub-Saharan Africa. It achieves this through a combination of empirical research, case studies, and policy analysis. This resource is crucial for policymakers, scholars, and development practitioners who are dedicated to advancing inclusive and sustainable development.
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1040300634
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 314
Book Description
This book delves into the transformative power of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) in reshaping the landscape of sustainable development in one of the world's most vibrant regions. This edited volume explores the synergy between cutting-edge digital technologies and innovative financial strategies to drive responsible business practices that align with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This book navigates the complex interplay between technological advancements, financial inclusion, corporate social responsibility, environmental stewardship, and ethical governance. It critically assesses how digital innovations—ranging from artificial intelligence, blockchain, and the Internet of Things (IoT) to green technologies and fintech—alongside novel financial instruments such as green bonds and impact investing, can address key concerns such as poverty alleviation, gender parity, and environmental sustainability. With a wide range of expert contributions, this volume offers useful insights and practical solutions to promote financial inclusion and encourage sustainable growth in Sub-Saharan Africa. It achieves this through a combination of empirical research, case studies, and policy analysis. This resource is crucial for policymakers, scholars, and development practitioners who are dedicated to advancing inclusive and sustainable development.
Natural Capital and Climate Smart Agriculture
Author: Pradyot Ranjan Jena
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 104030303X
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 205
Book Description
India is the fastest growing and the world’s third-largest economy in terms of GDP in PPP terms. Sustainable development of India will ensure the welfare of the inhabitants of this most populated country. This book assesses trends of natural capital and areas of improvement through climate resilient agricultural adaptation in India. The book looks at how the agricultural sector can become more climate resilient to ensure food security and human capital development. It also suggests a policy framework towards climate-resilient agricultural development. It outlines determinants of climate-smart agricultural practices and their impact on agricultural yield, biodiversity, and food security, and as well as outreach activities for wider collaboration from around the world. This book will interest those who are researching accounting natural capital impacts of climate-resilient agriculture and 2030 SDGs.
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 104030303X
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 205
Book Description
India is the fastest growing and the world’s third-largest economy in terms of GDP in PPP terms. Sustainable development of India will ensure the welfare of the inhabitants of this most populated country. This book assesses trends of natural capital and areas of improvement through climate resilient agricultural adaptation in India. The book looks at how the agricultural sector can become more climate resilient to ensure food security and human capital development. It also suggests a policy framework towards climate-resilient agricultural development. It outlines determinants of climate-smart agricultural practices and their impact on agricultural yield, biodiversity, and food security, and as well as outreach activities for wider collaboration from around the world. This book will interest those who are researching accounting natural capital impacts of climate-resilient agriculture and 2030 SDGs.
Project Finance in Africa
Author: Joshua Yindenaba Abor
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1040311776
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 250
Book Description
Infrastructure drives economic growth and sustainable development by facilitating productivity, attracting foreign investment, promoting industrialisation, reducing poverty, improving standards of living, and enhancing human development. Thus, the development of project-oriented frameworks/institutions that offer long-term infrastructure financing has been identified as a core and guaranteed way to maximise economic growth and development, especially for developing regions like Africa. Project finance has a critical role in infrastructure development. This book examines the project finance ecosystem, methods, analysis, and key-related risks. Its unique contribution to the literature is its focus on Africa, where there is a huge infrastructure investment deficit and a lack of technical know-how to bridge this gap. Following a detailed introduction to project finance, the book investigates project viability, project characteristics, risk analysis and management, structure and legal issues in the context of project finance, as well as project finance markets, banks and syndicated lending, financing the deal, and the role of project advisors. It also offers insight into financial modelling and project evaluation, credit risk in project finance from the lender’s perspective, and the role of project finance in the petroleum industry. The book provides two African-related case studies of project finance. The book incorporates theoretical perspectives, valuable policy insights and resources, and offers strategies to improve and reform the structure and implementation of project finance in Africa. It provides scholarly and professionally engineered knowledge, and while each chapter explains and discusses several related issues, the case studies offer a real-life learning and teaching experience for academics and students to enhance their understanding of the issues under discussion.
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1040311776
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 250
Book Description
Infrastructure drives economic growth and sustainable development by facilitating productivity, attracting foreign investment, promoting industrialisation, reducing poverty, improving standards of living, and enhancing human development. Thus, the development of project-oriented frameworks/institutions that offer long-term infrastructure financing has been identified as a core and guaranteed way to maximise economic growth and development, especially for developing regions like Africa. Project finance has a critical role in infrastructure development. This book examines the project finance ecosystem, methods, analysis, and key-related risks. Its unique contribution to the literature is its focus on Africa, where there is a huge infrastructure investment deficit and a lack of technical know-how to bridge this gap. Following a detailed introduction to project finance, the book investigates project viability, project characteristics, risk analysis and management, structure and legal issues in the context of project finance, as well as project finance markets, banks and syndicated lending, financing the deal, and the role of project advisors. It also offers insight into financial modelling and project evaluation, credit risk in project finance from the lender’s perspective, and the role of project finance in the petroleum industry. The book provides two African-related case studies of project finance. The book incorporates theoretical perspectives, valuable policy insights and resources, and offers strategies to improve and reform the structure and implementation of project finance in Africa. It provides scholarly and professionally engineered knowledge, and while each chapter explains and discusses several related issues, the case studies offer a real-life learning and teaching experience for academics and students to enhance their understanding of the issues under discussion.
International Economic Policy for the Polycrisis
Author: Konrad Raczkowski
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1040153410
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 307
Book Description
The struggle for world leadership between China and the United States, resulting in Russia's war with Ukraine, among other things, underscores the reality of structural changes in the global economy and the global system. This book explains that a new era of egocentrism and polycrisis in a multipolar system has emerged in international economic policy, with a strong drive toward interventionism and protectionism of national economies. Dynamic economic imbalances are becoming a constant factor in disrupting international competitiveness and forcing changes in both monetary policy and general economic policy. This prompts a new, more pragmatic definition of fundamental concepts in the theoretical sphere as well as an up-to-date and viable cause-and-effect narrative that is not disconnected from decision-making processes in the economic and political spheres. This book provides a comprehensive diagnosis of the current global economy landscape and evaluates the processes affecting the economic and financial realities and the effectiveness of economic policies. The recent dynamics have rendered much of the existing literature outdated or confined to individual economies, economic systems, and regions. The book describes the evolution of international economic policy, offering a comparative analysis of foreign trade theories, especially in the context of macroeconomic trends and the impact of international trade in goods and services in the new balance of power of the global economy. Targeted primarily at academics, students, and researchers in economics, finance, international relations, and management, it will also serve as a valuable resource for policymakers shaping and implementing contemporary state economic policies.
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1040153410
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 307
Book Description
The struggle for world leadership between China and the United States, resulting in Russia's war with Ukraine, among other things, underscores the reality of structural changes in the global economy and the global system. This book explains that a new era of egocentrism and polycrisis in a multipolar system has emerged in international economic policy, with a strong drive toward interventionism and protectionism of national economies. Dynamic economic imbalances are becoming a constant factor in disrupting international competitiveness and forcing changes in both monetary policy and general economic policy. This prompts a new, more pragmatic definition of fundamental concepts in the theoretical sphere as well as an up-to-date and viable cause-and-effect narrative that is not disconnected from decision-making processes in the economic and political spheres. This book provides a comprehensive diagnosis of the current global economy landscape and evaluates the processes affecting the economic and financial realities and the effectiveness of economic policies. The recent dynamics have rendered much of the existing literature outdated or confined to individual economies, economic systems, and regions. The book describes the evolution of international economic policy, offering a comparative analysis of foreign trade theories, especially in the context of macroeconomic trends and the impact of international trade in goods and services in the new balance of power of the global economy. Targeted primarily at academics, students, and researchers in economics, finance, international relations, and management, it will also serve as a valuable resource for policymakers shaping and implementing contemporary state economic policies.
Promoting sustainable local economic development initiatives
Author: Marius Venter
Publisher: AOSIS
ISBN: 177995235X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 262
Book Description
This book endeavours to outline case studies that promote sustainable Local Economic Development (LED) initiatives. It is generally believed that local governments are the foot soldiers of LED. However, this seems to be a myth, as local governments in South Africa and elsewhere have not yet fulfilled this mandate and have been struggling for several years to implement LED initiatives. The distinctive merit of this book lies in the way it combines the South African context with the wider international development context in ways that there is a flow of information and ideas both ways. The book is an essential part of this sequence of ideas development and action at a critical time for strategic action directed at a sustainable future. It showcases case studies and responses to the impacts of globalisation as a bridge between urban/rural and institutional action and reveals avenues for local government leadership in communities, research, student engagement and wider interactions.
Publisher: AOSIS
ISBN: 177995235X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 262
Book Description
This book endeavours to outline case studies that promote sustainable Local Economic Development (LED) initiatives. It is generally believed that local governments are the foot soldiers of LED. However, this seems to be a myth, as local governments in South Africa and elsewhere have not yet fulfilled this mandate and have been struggling for several years to implement LED initiatives. The distinctive merit of this book lies in the way it combines the South African context with the wider international development context in ways that there is a flow of information and ideas both ways. The book is an essential part of this sequence of ideas development and action at a critical time for strategic action directed at a sustainable future. It showcases case studies and responses to the impacts of globalisation as a bridge between urban/rural and institutional action and reveals avenues for local government leadership in communities, research, student engagement and wider interactions.
Shutdown
Author: Adam Tooze
Publisher: Penguin
ISBN: 0593297555
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 369
Book Description
"This book’s great service is that it challenges us to consider the ways in which our institutions and systems, and the assumptions, positions and divisions that undergird them, leave us ill prepared for the next crisis."—Robert Rubin, The New York Times Book Review "Full of valuable insight and telling details, this may well be the best thing to read if you want to know what happened in 2020." --Paul Krugman, New York Review of Books Deftly weaving finance, politics, business, and the global human experience into one tight narrative, a tour-de-force account of 2020, the year that changed everything--from the acclaimed author of Crashed. The shocks of 2020 have been great and small, disrupting the world economy, international relations and the daily lives of virtually everyone on the planet. Never before has the entire world economy contracted by 20 percent in a matter of weeks nor in the historic record of modern capitalism has there been a moment in which 95 percent of the world's economies were suffering all at the same time. Across the world hundreds of millions have lost their jobs. And over it all looms the specter of pandemic, and death. Adam Tooze, whose last book was universally lauded for guiding us coherently through the chaos of the 2008 crash, now brings his bravura analytical and narrative skills to a panoramic and synthetic overview of our current crisis. By focusing on finance and business, he sets the pandemic story in a frame that casts a sobering new light on how unprepared the world was to fight the crisis, and how deep the ruptures in our way of living and doing business are. The virus has attacked the economy with as much ferocity as it has our health, and there is no vaccine arriving to address that. Tooze's special gift is to show how social organization, political interests, and economic policy interact with devastating human consequences, from your local hospital to the World Bank. He moves fluidly from the impact of currency fluctuations to the decimation of institutions--such as health-care systems, schools, and social services--in the name of efficiency. He starkly analyzes what happened when the pandemic collided with domestic politics (China's party conferences; the American elections), what the unintended consequences of the vaccine race might be, and the role climate change played in the pandemic. Finally, he proves how no unilateral declaration of 'independence" or isolation can extricate any modern country from the global web of travel, goods, services, and finance.
Publisher: Penguin
ISBN: 0593297555
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 369
Book Description
"This book’s great service is that it challenges us to consider the ways in which our institutions and systems, and the assumptions, positions and divisions that undergird them, leave us ill prepared for the next crisis."—Robert Rubin, The New York Times Book Review "Full of valuable insight and telling details, this may well be the best thing to read if you want to know what happened in 2020." --Paul Krugman, New York Review of Books Deftly weaving finance, politics, business, and the global human experience into one tight narrative, a tour-de-force account of 2020, the year that changed everything--from the acclaimed author of Crashed. The shocks of 2020 have been great and small, disrupting the world economy, international relations and the daily lives of virtually everyone on the planet. Never before has the entire world economy contracted by 20 percent in a matter of weeks nor in the historic record of modern capitalism has there been a moment in which 95 percent of the world's economies were suffering all at the same time. Across the world hundreds of millions have lost their jobs. And over it all looms the specter of pandemic, and death. Adam Tooze, whose last book was universally lauded for guiding us coherently through the chaos of the 2008 crash, now brings his bravura analytical and narrative skills to a panoramic and synthetic overview of our current crisis. By focusing on finance and business, he sets the pandemic story in a frame that casts a sobering new light on how unprepared the world was to fight the crisis, and how deep the ruptures in our way of living and doing business are. The virus has attacked the economy with as much ferocity as it has our health, and there is no vaccine arriving to address that. Tooze's special gift is to show how social organization, political interests, and economic policy interact with devastating human consequences, from your local hospital to the World Bank. He moves fluidly from the impact of currency fluctuations to the decimation of institutions--such as health-care systems, schools, and social services--in the name of efficiency. He starkly analyzes what happened when the pandemic collided with domestic politics (China's party conferences; the American elections), what the unintended consequences of the vaccine race might be, and the role climate change played in the pandemic. Finally, he proves how no unilateral declaration of 'independence" or isolation can extricate any modern country from the global web of travel, goods, services, and finance.
Challenging Global Development
Author: Henning Melber
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031303083
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 267
Book Description
This open access book presents contributions to decolonize development studies. It seeks to promote and sustain new forms of solidarity and conviviality that work towards achieving social justice.Recognising global poverty and inequalities as historic injustices, the book addresses how these can be challenged through teaching, research, and engagement in policy and practice, and the sorts of political barriers these might encounter. From a variety of perspectives and contexts, these chapters examine how decoloniality and solidarity can be developed, offering in-depth historical, theoretical, epistemological, and empirical analyses.
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031303083
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 267
Book Description
This open access book presents contributions to decolonize development studies. It seeks to promote and sustain new forms of solidarity and conviviality that work towards achieving social justice.Recognising global poverty and inequalities as historic injustices, the book addresses how these can be challenged through teaching, research, and engagement in policy and practice, and the sorts of political barriers these might encounter. From a variety of perspectives and contexts, these chapters examine how decoloniality and solidarity can be developed, offering in-depth historical, theoretical, epistemological, and empirical analyses.
The Economics of Contemporary Latin America
Author: Beatriz Armendariz
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262337878
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 461
Book Description
Analysis of Latin America's economy focusing on development, covering the colonial roots of inequality, boom and bust cycles, labor markets, and fiscal and monetary policy. Latin America is richly endowed with natural resources, fertile land, and vibrant cultures. Yet the region remains much poorer than its neighbors to the north. Most Latin American countries have not achieved standards of living and stable institutions comparable to those found in developed countries, have experienced repeated boom-bust cycles, and remain heavily reliant on primary commodities. This book studies the historical roots of Latin America's contemporary economic and social development, focusing on poverty and income inequality dating back to colonial times. It addresses today's legacies of the market-friendly reforms that took hold in the 1980s and 1990s by examining successful stabilizations and homemade monetary and fiscal institutional reforms. It offers a detailed analysis of trade and financial liberalization, twenty–first century-growth, and the decline in poverty and income inequality. Finally, the book offers an overall analysis of inclusive growth policies for development—including gender issues and the informal sector—and the challenges that lie ahead for the region, with special attention to pressing demands by the vibrant and vocal middle class, youth unemployment, and indigenous populations.
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262337878
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 461
Book Description
Analysis of Latin America's economy focusing on development, covering the colonial roots of inequality, boom and bust cycles, labor markets, and fiscal and monetary policy. Latin America is richly endowed with natural resources, fertile land, and vibrant cultures. Yet the region remains much poorer than its neighbors to the north. Most Latin American countries have not achieved standards of living and stable institutions comparable to those found in developed countries, have experienced repeated boom-bust cycles, and remain heavily reliant on primary commodities. This book studies the historical roots of Latin America's contemporary economic and social development, focusing on poverty and income inequality dating back to colonial times. It addresses today's legacies of the market-friendly reforms that took hold in the 1980s and 1990s by examining successful stabilizations and homemade monetary and fiscal institutional reforms. It offers a detailed analysis of trade and financial liberalization, twenty–first century-growth, and the decline in poverty and income inequality. Finally, the book offers an overall analysis of inclusive growth policies for development—including gender issues and the informal sector—and the challenges that lie ahead for the region, with special attention to pressing demands by the vibrant and vocal middle class, youth unemployment, and indigenous populations.