Plasma Material Interactions in Current Tokamaks and Their Implications for Next Step Fusion Reactors PDF Download
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Author: Gianfranco Federici
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fusion reactors
Languages : en
Pages : 342
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
The major increase in discharge duration and plasma energy in a next-step DT [deuterium-tritium] fusion reactor will give rise to important plasma-material effects that will critically influence its operation, safety, and performance. Erosion will increase to a scale of several centimeters from being barely measurable at a micron scale in today's tokamaks. Tritium co-deposited with carbon will strongly affect the operation of machines with carbon plasma-facing components. Controlling plasma wall interactions is critical to achieving high performance in present-day tokamaks and this is likely to continue to be the case in the approach to practical fusion reactors. Recognition of the important consequences of these phenomena has stimulated an internationally coordinated effort in the field of plasma-surface interactions supporting the Engineering Design Activities of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) project and significant progress has been made in better under standing these issues. This paper reviews the underlying physical processes and the existing experimental database of plasma-material interactions both in tokamaks and laboratory simulation facilities for conditions of direct relevance to next-step fusion reactors. Two main topical groups of interactions are considered: (i) erosion/redeposition from plasma sputtering and disruptions, including dust and flake generation, (ii) tritium retention and removal. The use of modeling tools to interpret the experimental results and make projections for conditions expected in future devices is explained. Outstanding technical issues and specific recommendations on potential R and D [Research and Development] avenues for their resolution are presented.
Author: Gianfranco Federici
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fusion reactors
Languages : en
Pages : 342
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Book Description
Author: B. B. Kadomtsev
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN:
Category : Art
Languages : en
Pages : 242
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Book Description
The importance of tokamaks and their role in fusion reactors has been known for some time, but it is only now that plasma physicists have reached a clear understanding of the major principles governing the behaviour of confined high-temperature plasma. This book gives a timely and comprehensive survey of these concepts as well as a simple presentation of the basic physics involved. The topics discussed include: the theory of plasma equilibrium and its main instabilities, semi-empirical approaches for investigating heat transport, major plasma instabilities restricting the region of a tokamak's operating modes, a variety of plasma confinement regimes and other phenomena such as MARFE, magnetic bubbles and fishbones. The author proposes a new mechanism for anomalous heat transport connected with the idea of microscale 'island' structure. The information is presented in a clear and systematic way which will make this book interesting and useful to a broad spectrum of scientists and engineers involved in fusion reactor research. '...an excellent book - authoritative, broad and bristling with insight' Professor R D Hazeltine, The University of Texas at Austin.
Author: Mitsuru Kikuchi
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319189050
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 412
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Book Description
This book reviews recent progress in our understanding of tokamak physics related to steady state operation, and addresses the scientific feasibility of a steady state tokamak fusion power system. It covers the physical principles behind continuous tokamak operation and details the challenges remaining and new lines of research towards the realization of such a system. Following a short introduction to tokamak physics and the fundamentals of steady state operation, later chapters cover parallel and perpendicular transport in tokamaks, MHD instabilities in advanced tokamak regimes, control issues, and SOL and divertor plasmas. A final chapter reviews key enabling technologies for steady state reactors, including negative ion source and NBI systems, Gyrotron and ECRF systems, superconductor and magnet systems, and structural materials for reactors. The tokamak has demonstrated an excellent plasma confinement capability with its symmetry, but has an intrinsic drawback with its pulsed operation with inductive operation. Efforts have been made over the last 20 years to realize steady state operation, most promisingly utilizing bootstrap current. Frontiers in Fusion Research II: Introduction to Modern Tokamak Physics will be of interest to graduate students and researchers involved in all aspects of tokamak science and technology.
Author: R.B. White
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1483293262
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 374
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Book Description
This is a graduate textbook on tokamak physics, designed to provide a basic introduction to plasma equilibrium, particle orbits, transport, and those ideal and resistive magnetohydrodynamic instabilities which dominate the behavior of a tokamak discharge, and to develop the mathematical methods necessary for their theoretical analysis.
Author: National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780309677608
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 291
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Book Description
Plasma Science and Engineering transforms fundamental scientific research into powerful societal applications, from materials processing and healthcare to forecasting space weather. Plasma Science: Enabling Technology, Sustainability, Security and Exploration discusses the importance of plasma research, identifies important grand challenges for the next decade, and makes recommendations on funding and workforce. This publication will help federal agencies, policymakers, and academic leadership understand the importance of plasma research and make informed decisions about plasma science funding, workforce, and research directions.
Author: Thomas J. Dolan
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1447155564
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 816
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Book Description
Magnetic Fusion Technology describes the technologies that are required for successful development of nuclear fusion power plants using strong magnetic fields. These technologies include: • magnet systems, • plasma heating systems, • control systems, • energy conversion systems, • advanced materials development, • vacuum systems, • cryogenic systems, • plasma diagnostics, • safety systems, and • power plant design studies. Magnetic Fusion Technology will be useful to students and to specialists working in energy research.
Author: Richard Fitzpatrick
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780750353670
Category : SCIENCE
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The development of humankind's ultimate energy source, nuclear fusion, has proceeded slowly but surely over the course of the last 60 years. This comprehensive book aims to outline a realistic, comprehensive, self-consistent, analytic theory of tearing mode dynamics in tokamak plasmas. It discusses a fluid theory of a highly magnetized plasma that treats the electrons and ions as independent fluids, and then proceeds to develop the theory of tearing modes, first approximating the geometry of a tokamak plasma as a periodic cylinder, but eventually considering the toroidal structure of real tokamak plasmas. This book also describes the stability of tearing modes, the saturation of such modes, and the evolution of their phase velocity due to interaction with other tearing modes, as well as the resistive vacuum vessel, and imperfections in the tokamak's magnetic field. This text will appeal to scientists and graduate students engaged in nuclear fusion research, and would make a useful reference for graduate plasma physics courses. Part of IOP Series in Plasma Physics.
Author: Michael Raymond Gordinier
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Plasma confinement
Languages : en
Pages : 470
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Book Description
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309487439
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 341
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Book Description
Fusion offers the prospect of virtually unlimited energy. The United States and many nations around the world have made enormous progress toward achieving fusion energy. With ITER scheduled to go online within a decade and demonstrate controlled fusion ten years later, now is the right time for the United States to develop plans to benefit from its investment in burning plasma research and take steps to develop fusion electricity for the nation's future energy needs. At the request of the Department of Energy, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine organized a committee to develop a strategic plan for U.S. fusion research. The final report's two main recommendations are: (1) The United States should remain an ITER partner as the most cost-effective way to gain experience with a burning plasma at the scale of a power plant. (2) The United States should start a national program of accompanying research and technology leading to the construction of a compact pilot plant that produces electricity from fusion at the lowest possible capital cost.
