Plant Growth Regulators PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Plant Growth Regulators PDF full book. Access full book title Plant Growth Regulators by Tariq Aftab. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Tariq Aftab
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030611531
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 504
Get Book Here
Book Description
Agriculture faces many challenges to fulfil the growing demand for sustainable food production and ensure high-quality nutrition for a rapidly growing population. To guarantee adequate food production, it is necessary to increase the yield per area of arable land. A method for achieving this goal has been the application of growth regulators to modulate plant growth. Plant growth regulators (PGRs) are substances in specific formulations which, when applied to plants or seeds, have the capacity to promote, inhibit, or modify physiological traits, development and/or stress responses. They maintain proper balance between source and sink for enhancing crop yield. PGRs are used to maximize productivity and quality, improve consistency in production, and overcome genetic and abiotic limitations to plant productivity. Suitable PGRs include hormones such as cytokinins and auxins, and hormone-like compounds such as mepiquat chloride and paclobutrazol. The use of PGRs in mainstream agriculture has steadily increased within the last 20 years as their benefits have become better understood by growers. Unfortunately, the growth of the PGR market may be constrained by a lack of innovation at a time when an increase in demand for new products will require steady innovation and discovery of novel, cost-competitive, specific, and effective PGRs. A plant bio-stimulant is any substance or microorganism applied to plants with the aim to enhance nutrition efficiency, abiotic stress tolerance and/or crop quality traits, regardless of its nutrients content. Apart from traditional PGRs, which are mostly plant hormones, there are a number of substances/molecules such as nitric oxide, methyl jasmonate, brassinosteroids, seaweed extracts, strigolactones, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria etc. which act as PGRs. These novel PGRs or bio-stimulants have been reported to play important roles in stress responses and adaptation. They can protect plants against various stresses, including water deficit, chilling and high temperatures, salinity and flooding. This book includes chapters ranging from sensing and signalling in plants to translational research. In addition, the cross-talk operative in plants in response to varied signals of biotic and abiotic nature is also presented. Ultimately the objective of this book is to present the current scenario and the future plan of action for the management of stresses through traditional as well as novel PGRs. We believe that this book will initiate and introduce readers to state-of-the-art developments and trends in this field of study.
Author: Tariq Aftab
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030611531
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 504
Get Book Here
Book Description
Agriculture faces many challenges to fulfil the growing demand for sustainable food production and ensure high-quality nutrition for a rapidly growing population. To guarantee adequate food production, it is necessary to increase the yield per area of arable land. A method for achieving this goal has been the application of growth regulators to modulate plant growth. Plant growth regulators (PGRs) are substances in specific formulations which, when applied to plants or seeds, have the capacity to promote, inhibit, or modify physiological traits, development and/or stress responses. They maintain proper balance between source and sink for enhancing crop yield. PGRs are used to maximize productivity and quality, improve consistency in production, and overcome genetic and abiotic limitations to plant productivity. Suitable PGRs include hormones such as cytokinins and auxins, and hormone-like compounds such as mepiquat chloride and paclobutrazol. The use of PGRs in mainstream agriculture has steadily increased within the last 20 years as their benefits have become better understood by growers. Unfortunately, the growth of the PGR market may be constrained by a lack of innovation at a time when an increase in demand for new products will require steady innovation and discovery of novel, cost-competitive, specific, and effective PGRs. A plant bio-stimulant is any substance or microorganism applied to plants with the aim to enhance nutrition efficiency, abiotic stress tolerance and/or crop quality traits, regardless of its nutrients content. Apart from traditional PGRs, which are mostly plant hormones, there are a number of substances/molecules such as nitric oxide, methyl jasmonate, brassinosteroids, seaweed extracts, strigolactones, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria etc. which act as PGRs. These novel PGRs or bio-stimulants have been reported to play important roles in stress responses and adaptation. They can protect plants against various stresses, including water deficit, chilling and high temperatures, salinity and flooding. This book includes chapters ranging from sensing and signalling in plants to translational research. In addition, the cross-talk operative in plants in response to varied signals of biotic and abiotic nature is also presented. Ultimately the objective of this book is to present the current scenario and the future plan of action for the management of stresses through traditional as well as novel PGRs. We believe that this book will initiate and introduce readers to state-of-the-art developments and trends in this field of study.
Author: Jeremy A. Roberts
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461575923
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 201
Get Book Here
Book Description
What are plant growth regulators? In the title, and throughout the text, we have adopted this expression to describe a population of endogenous molecules and synthetic compounds of similar structure that are be lieved to play important roles in the regulation of plant differentiation and development. For many years, plant scientists have endeavoured to understand the nature and action of plant growth regulators and, as a result, an awesome quantity of written material now exists describing these chemicals and their effects. In this book we have aimed to distil this wealth of information into a more digestible form, and in particular we have focused our attention on a critical appraisal of the literature. The past few years have witnessed a change of emphasis in plant growth regulator research, which has been fuelled by powerful new techniques in molecular and cell biology. Today we can do more than just apply a plant growth regulator and quantify its effects; we have reached an exciting crossroads where plant scientists, molecular bio logists and chemists can pool their expertise and apply it to the out standing problems in this area. The combination of these three disciplines within the book is clear evidence of this. In keeping with a volume of this size, we have assumed that the reader has a sound knowledge of plant physiology and biochemistry. However, wherever possible, we have highlighted useful reviews which provide background information, along with recent publications that have contributed significantly to the literature.
Author: Carlos Tello Lacal
Publisher: Delve Publishing
ISBN: 9781773610450
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Get Book Here
Book Description
Plant development, growth and metabolism are highly complex processes requiring the precise fine-tuning of the different molecules involved. Plant growth regulators, also known as plant hormones or phytohormones, are signaling molecules that coordinate these processes, both locally and over greater distance, thereby influencing the growth, development and differentiation of cells, tissues and organs. By compiling open access research papers, the present books reviews the current knowledge on the main plant growth regulators: ABA, auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins, ethylene, brassinosteroids, jasmonic acid, nitric oxide, salicylic acid and strigolactones. In Chapter number 1, the editor presents a detailed overview of strigolactones, the plant growth regulators most recently identified, covering their structure and biosynthesis, signaling and biological functions. The role of ABCG-type ABC transporters in the transport of ABA, cytokinins and strigolactones is discussed in Chapter 2. In Chapter 3, the signaling process of ABA, as well as the role of the PYR/PYL/RCAR receptors, the PP2C phosphatases and the SnRK2 kinases in it, is briefly reviewed. While Chapter 4 exposes the well-known role of this phytohormone in abiotic stress signaling, Chapter 5 describes its function in regulating root length and architecture. In Chapter 6, the response to auxins through the pathways involving TIR1/AFB1, SKP2A, SAUR proteins, IBR5 and MPK12, and ABP1 and TMK1 is discussed. The different families of auxin transporters, as well as their role in monocot development, are reviewed in Chapter 7. Chapter 8 describes how auxin signaling, homeostasis, cross-talk with other phytohormones and interaction with environmental factors controls root hair growth. The homeostasis, signaling and cross-talks of brassinosteroids are described in Chapter 9, while Chapter 10 reviews the biological functions of this phytohormone in rice. Cytokinin signaling and transport are respectively described in Chapters 11 and 12, being a brief overview of the role of this hormone in regulating the architecture of inflorescences presented in Chapter 13. The interaction of ethylene and light signaling to promote hypocotyl growth is described in Chapter 14, while the biological functions of this phytohormone concerning seed dormancy.
Author: Richard N. Arteca
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1475724519
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 348
Get Book Here
Book Description
In a convenient, single-source reference, this book examines plant growth substances and their relationship to a wide range of physiological processes, ranging from seed germination through the death of the plant. If offers a clear illustration of the pragmatic uses of plant substances in agriculture and demonstrates how basic laboratory research has translated into increased production and profit for the grower. This work begins by building a solid foundation in the subject, which contains historical aspects and fundamental concepts, and provides a methodology for extraction, purification, and quantification of plant growth substances. This forms the basis for understanding the ensuing chapters that explore the many processes involving plant growth substances, including: * seed germination * seedling growth * rooting * dormancy * juvenility * maturity * senescence * flowering * abscission * fruit set * fruit growth * fruit development * premature drop * ripening * promotion of fruit drop * tuberization * photsynthesis * weed control. Providing a detailed examination of plant growth substances and their relationships to specific physiological plant processes, Plant Growth Substances gives students, researchers, and professionals a much needed reference.
Author: Qiang-Sheng Wu
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781536172577
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 164
Get Book Here
Book Description
"Plant growth regulators consist of organic molecules produced synthetically and used to modulate plant growth. There are several classes of plant growth regulators, including auxin, gibberellin, abscisic acid, cytokinins, salicylic, jasmonic acid and ethylene, as well as more recently investigated brassinosteroids, strigolactones, polyamine, etc. These plant growth regulators have either promoting or inhibitory effects on plant growth and development by means of modification in plant secondary metabolism and gene regulation. Some of plant growth regulators may have safe issues in fields. More attention should be paid in the application of plant growth regulators. Researchers also try to find other regulators to do more field experiments, in order to reduce the amount of organic chemicals (e.g., traditional plant growth regulators) used. This book discusses the function, types, uses and safety of plant growth regulators. The effects of plant growth regulators on horticultural plants are specially introduced in this book. Fly ash and soil mycorrhizal fungi-released glomalin also get a lot of attention in this book"--
Author: L.G. Nickell
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783642682063
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Get Book Here
Book Description
Chemicals that control plant growth have long been treated like a poor re lation of the herbicides yet in one manner of thinking, herbicides them selves are but one facet of the entire picture of plant growth regulation - a major fraction, to be sure, economically. It is now time to recognize that plant growth regulators should occupy an increasingly important role in agriculture. Sufficient numbers of uses having considerable economic re turn have already become established: (a) to increase the latex flow in the rubber trees; (b) to ripen sugarcane; (c) to control sprouting in onions and potatoes; (d) to shorten and strengthen wheat stems to prevent lodging; (e) to prevent premature deterioration; and (f) to permit control of timing for maximum utilization of crops. In addition, as energy becomes more difficult and costly to obtain, plant growth regulators will play an increasingly important role in energy conser vation as a result of increased yields due to their use . . There are a number of ways to present to the reader the role and effec tiveness of plant growth regulators. The one chosen here is to emphasize the effects on plant functions such as the induction of roots, the control of flowering, the control of sex, and the control of aging. Little emphasis has been placed on the basic research that has served as a background for the successes and potential successes discussed herein. N or is much attention paid to the mode of action of the various regulators.
Author: Amarjit Basra
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9781560228967
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 264
Get Book Here
Book Description
As agriculture becomes more mechanized and science increases the possibilities for using inputs to enhance production, the role of PGRs becomes more vital. Plant Growth Regulators in Agriculture and Horticulture provides agriculture professionals and researchers with the information needed to effectively tap these versatile resources to enhance crop production. Through discussions of the “classical five” phytohormones--gibberellins, cytokinins, ethylene, abscisic acid, and auxins--and the growing number of nontraditional PGRs such as oligosaccharins and brassinosteroids, Plant Growth Regulators in Agriculture and Horticulture reviews past and present uses of PGRs in managing crop yield and offers some speculation on future directions. Detailed discussions on the use of PGRs in, for example, grain, ornamental, and citrus crops, introduce readers to strategies for enhancing crop quantity and quality, for improving the postproduction quality of life of perishable plants, and for crop load management, respectively. The book also includes informative visuals, such as tables of common, chemical, and trade names of different commercially available PGRs; diagrams of various PGR processes; as well as before-and-after pictures illustrating the effects of PGRs. Plant Growth Regulators in Agriculture and Horticulture is a comprehensive text covering the role of plant growth regulators in: root formation manipulating yield potential plant stress protection ornamental horticulture postharvest life of ornamentals manipulating fruit development and storage quality citriculture reducing fruit drop bloom-thinning strategies If the history of agriculture, which is over 10,000 years old, was condensed into a twenty-four-hour span, science-based plant breeding would be only about fifteen minutes old. Still, the role of PGRs in agriculture is modest compared to other agrochemicals, such as fungicides, herbicides, and insecticides. Plant Growth Regulators in Agriculture and Horticulture is an invaluable guide to the varied roles filled by PGRs in the attainment of higher-quality, better-yielding crops.
Author: Naseem Ahmad
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811080046
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 489
Get Book Here
Book Description
Plant biotechnology is a most interesting branch for academicians and researchers in recent past. Now days, it becomes a very useful tool in agriculture and medicine and is regarded as a popular area of research especially in biological sciences because it makes an integral use of biochemistry, molecular biology and engineering sciences in order to achieve technological application of cultured tissues, cell and microbes. Plant tissue culture (PTC) refers to a technique of cultivation of plant cells and other parts on artificial nutrient medium in controlled environment under aseptic conditions. PTC requires various nutrients, pH, carbon source, gelling agent, temperature, photoperiod, humidity etc. and most importantly the judicious use of plant growth regulators. Various natural, adenine and phenyl urea derivatives are employed for the induction and proliferation of different types of explants. Several phenyl urea derivatives were evaluated and it was observed that thidiazuron (n-phenyl-N”-1,2,3- thidiazol-5-ulurea) was found to be the most active among the plant growth regulators. Thidiazuron (TDZ) was initially developed as a cotton defoliant and showed high cytokinin like activity. In some examples, its activity was 100 times more than BA in tobacco callus assay and produces more number of shoots in cultures than Zeatin and 2iP. TDZ also showed major breakthrough in tissue culture of various recalcitrant legumes and woody species. For the last two decades, number of laboratories has been working on TDZ with different aspect and number of publications has come out. To the best of our knowledge, there is no comprehensive edited volume on this particular topic. Hence th,e edited volume is a deed to consolidate the scattered information on role of TDZ in plant tissue culture and genetic manipulations that would hopefully prove informative to various researches. Thidiazuron: From Urea Derivative to Plant Growth Regulator compiles various aspects of TDZ in Plant Tissue Culture with profitable implications. The book will provides basic material for academicians and researchers who want to initiate work in this fascinating area of research. The book will contain 26 chapters compiled by International dignitaries and thus giving a holistic view to the edited volume.
Author: Shamsul Hayat
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030792293
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 309
Get Book Here
Book Description
Phytohormones are known to affect the growth and development of plant directly as well as indirectly. Salicylic acid (SA) is a phenolic phytohormone which induces systemic resistance in plants and also regulates defence responses. The derivatives of SA also play an important role in the regulation of various physiological and developmental processes in plants under normal and stressful environmental conditions. SA regulates seed germination, photosynthesis, ethylene biosynthesis, enzyme activities, nutrition, flowering, legume nodulation and overall growth and development of plant. Recently, advancement in elucidating the specific pathways of SA signal transduction has been noticed which helps in understanding the expression of specific genes associated with different developmental programs. The horizon of SA-mediated regulation of various physiological processes has also expanded, and various studies enumerating the efficacy of exogenously applied SA in practical agriculture have also been documented. Therefore, information regarding such recent developments needs to be compiled in the form of a book. This book aims to provide a collective information regarding SA which makes it a versatile plant growth regulator. The chapters included both theoretical and practical aspects that could be of immense use for researches and possible significant developments in future. It is intended that this book will be a help for students, teachers, and researchers, in understanding the relation between the phytohormone and agricultural sciences.
Author: Lalit M. Srivastava
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080514030
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 795
Get Book Here
Book Description
This book provides current information on synthesis of plant hormones, how their concentrations are regulated, and how they modulate various plant processes. It details how plants sense and tolerate such factors as drought, salinity, and cold temperature, factors that limit plant productivity on earth. It also explains how plants sense two other environmental signals, light and gravity, and modify their developmental patterns in response to those signals. This book takes the reader from basic concepts to the most up-to-date thinking on these topics. * Provides clear synthesis and review of hormonal and environmental regulation of plant growth and development * Contains more than 600 illustrations supplementary information on techniques and/or related topics of interest * Single-authored text provides uniformity of presentation and integration of the subject matter * References listed alphabetically in each section
