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Author: Derek J. Chadwick
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470034971
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 314
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Book Description
Seemingly simple behaviours turn out, on reflection, to be discouragingly complex. For many years, cognitive operations such as sensation, perception, comparing percepts to stored models (short-term and long-term memory), decision-making and planning of actions were treated by most neuroscientists as separate areas of research. This was not because the neuroscience community believed these operations to act independently—it is intuitive that any common cognitive process seamlessly interweaves these operations—but because too little was known about the individual processes constituting the full behaviour, and experimental paradigms and data collection methods were not sufficiently well developed to put the processes in sequence in any controlled manner. These limitations are now being overcome in the leading cognitive neuroscience laboratories, and this book is a timely summary of the current state of the art. The theme of the book is how the brain uses sensory information to develop and decide upon the appropriate action, and how the brain determines the appropriate action to optimize the collection of new sensory information. It addresses several key questions. How are percepts built up in the cortex and how are judgments of the percept made? In what way does information flow within and between cortical regions, and what is accomplished by successive (and reverberating) stages of processing? How are decisions made about the percept subsequently acted upon, through their conversion to a response according to the learned criterion for action? How does the predicted or expected sensation interact with the actual incoming flow of sensory signals? The chapters and discussions in the book reveal how answering these questions requires an understanding of sensory–motor loops: our perception of the world drives new actions, and the actions undertaken at any moment lead to a new ‘view’ of the world. This book is a fascinating read for all clinical and experimental psychologists and neuroscientists, as well as anyone interested in how we perceive the world and act within it.
Author: Derek J. Chadwick
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470034971
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 314
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Book Description
Seemingly simple behaviours turn out, on reflection, to be discouragingly complex. For many years, cognitive operations such as sensation, perception, comparing percepts to stored models (short-term and long-term memory), decision-making and planning of actions were treated by most neuroscientists as separate areas of research. This was not because the neuroscience community believed these operations to act independently—it is intuitive that any common cognitive process seamlessly interweaves these operations—but because too little was known about the individual processes constituting the full behaviour, and experimental paradigms and data collection methods were not sufficiently well developed to put the processes in sequence in any controlled manner. These limitations are now being overcome in the leading cognitive neuroscience laboratories, and this book is a timely summary of the current state of the art. The theme of the book is how the brain uses sensory information to develop and decide upon the appropriate action, and how the brain determines the appropriate action to optimize the collection of new sensory information. It addresses several key questions. How are percepts built up in the cortex and how are judgments of the percept made? In what way does information flow within and between cortical regions, and what is accomplished by successive (and reverberating) stages of processing? How are decisions made about the percept subsequently acted upon, through their conversion to a response according to the learned criterion for action? How does the predicted or expected sensation interact with the actual incoming flow of sensory signals? The chapters and discussions in the book reveal how answering these questions requires an understanding of sensory–motor loops: our perception of the world drives new actions, and the actions undertaken at any moment lead to a new ‘view’ of the world. This book is a fascinating read for all clinical and experimental psychologists and neuroscientists, as well as anyone interested in how we perceive the world and act within it.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Motor ability
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Fouad Sabry
Publisher: One Billion Knowledgeable
ISBN:
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 125
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Book Description
What Is Percept Input that is being perceived by an intelligent agent at any given moment is referred to as a percept at that moment. It is essentially the same idea as what is known as a percept in the field of psychology, with the exception that the agent, rather than the brain, is the one who is experiencing it. A percept is picked up by a sensor, which is typically a camera, then processed in the appropriate manner, and finally acted upon by an actuator. A "percept sequence" is a comprehensive history of all percepts that have ever been identified, and each percept that is recognized is added to this sequence. The action taken by the agent at any one instant point may be contingent on the entirety of the percept sequence experienced up to that specific instant point. Not only does a smart agent make decisions about how to act based on the present perception, but also on the sequence of previous perceptions. The agent function, which associates each perception with a certain action, decides what the next action will be. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Percept (artificial intelligence) Chapter 2: Computer vision Chapter 3: Intelligent agent Chapter 4: Cognitive robotics Chapter 5: Machine perception Chapter 6: Active perception Chapter 7: Subsumption architecture Chapter 8: Automated planning and scheduling Chapter 9: Gesture recognition Chapter 10: Affective computing (II) Answering the public top questions about percept. (III) Real world examples for the usage of percept in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of percept' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of percept.
Author: Miriam O'Callaghan
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000880028
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 280
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Book Description
Revealing the limitations of human decision-making, this book explores how Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be used to optimize decisions for improved business outcomes and efficiency, as well as looking ahead to the significant contributions Decision Intelligence (DI) can make to society and the ethical challenges it may raise. From the theories and concepts used to design autonomous intelligent agents to the technologies that power DI systems and the ways in which companies use decision-making building blocks to build DI solutions that enable businesses to democratize AI, this book presents an impressive framework to integrate artificial and human intelligence for the success of different types of business decisions. Replete with case studies on DI applications, as well as wider discussions on the social implications of the technology, Decision Intelligence: Human–Machine Integration for Decision Making appeals to both students of AI and data sciences and businesses considering DI adoption.
Author: Angelo Cangelosi
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262046830
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 497
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Book Description
The current state of the art in cognitive robotics, covering the challenges of building AI-powered intelligent robots inspired by natural cognitive systems. A novel approach to building AI-powered intelligent robots takes inspiration from the way natural cognitive systems—in humans, animals, and biological systems—develop intelligence by exploiting the full power of interactions between body and brain, the physical and social environment in which they live, and phylogenetic, developmental, and learning dynamics. This volume reports on the current state of the art in cognitive robotics, offering the first comprehensive coverage of building robots inspired by natural cognitive systems. Contributors first provide a systematic definition of cognitive robotics and a history of developments in the field. They describe in detail five main approaches: developmental, neuro, evolutionary, swarm, and soft robotics. They go on to consider methodologies and concepts, treating topics that include commonly used cognitive robotics platforms and robot simulators, biomimetic skin as an example of a hardware-based approach, machine-learning methods, and cognitive architecture. Finally, they cover the behavioral and cognitive capabilities of a variety of models, experiments, and applications, looking at issues that range from intrinsic motivation and perception to robot consciousness. Cognitive Robotics is aimed at an interdisciplinary audience, balancing technical details and examples for the computational reader with theoretical and experimental findings for the empirical scientist.
Author: Norman Norwood Holland
Publisher: PsyArt Foundation
ISBN: 057801839X
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 476
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Book Description
LITERATURE AND THE BRAIN goes straight to the human core of literature when it explains the different ways our brains convert stories, poems, plays, and films into pleasure. When we are deep into a film or book, we find ourselves "absorbed," unaware of our bodies or our surroundings. We don't doubt the existence of Spider-Man or Harry Potter, and we have real feelings about these purely imaginary beings. Our brains are behaving oddly, because we know we cannot act to change what we are seeing. This is only one of the special ways our brains behave to with literature, ways that LITERATURE AND THE BRAIN reveals. 474 pp. 13 ill.
Author: Xiaochun Wang
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 981139217X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 328
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Book Description
This book advances research on mobile robot localization in unknown environments by focusing on machine-learning-based natural scene recognition. The respective chapters highlight the latest developments in vision-based machine perception and machine learning research for localization applications, and cover such topics as: image-segmentation-based visual perceptual grouping for the efficient identification of objects composing unknown environments; classification-based rapid object recognition for the semantic analysis of natural scenes in unknown environments; the present understanding of the Prefrontal Cortex working memory mechanism and its biological processes for human-like localization; and the application of this present understanding to improve mobile robot localization. The book also features a perspective on bridging the gap between feature representations and decision-making using reinforcement learning, laying the groundwork for future advances in mobile robot navigation research.
Author: Vicenc Torra
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3540277749
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 340
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Book Description
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First International Conference on Modeling Decisions for Artificial Intelligence, MDAI 2004, held in Barcelona, Spain in August 2004. The 26 revised full papers presented together with 4 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 53 submissions. The papers are devoted to topics like models for information fusion, aggregation operators, model selection, fuzzy integrals, fuzzy sets, fuzzy multisets, neural learning, rule-based classification systems, fuzzy association rules, algorithmic learning, diagnosis, text categorization, unsupervised aggregation, the Choquet integral, group decision making, preference relations, vague knowledge processing, etc.
Author: Peter Weingart
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134175809
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 330
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Book Description
What is a popular image of science and where does it come from? Little is known about the formation of science images and their transformation into popular images of science. In this anthology, contributions from two areas of expertise: image theory and history and the sociology of the sciences, explore techniques of constructing science images and transforming them into highly ambivalent images that represent the sciences. The essays, most of them with illustrations, present evidence that popular images of the sciences are based upon abstract theories rather than facts, and, equally, images of scientists are stimulated by imagination rather than historical knowledge.
Author: Danny Weyns
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3540850295
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 306
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Book Description
Software intensive systems are increasingly expected to deal with changing user needs and dynamic operating conditions at run time. Examples are the need for life recon?gurations, management of resource variability, and dealing with p- ticular failure modes. Endowing systems with these kinds of capabilities poses severe challenges to software engineers and necessitates the development of new techniques, practices, and tools that build upon sound engineering principles. The ?eld of multi-agent systems focuses on the foundations and engineering of systems that consists of a network of autonomous entities (agents) that int- act to achieve the system goals. One line of research in multi-agent systems, inspired by biological, physical and other naturally occurring systems, concerns multi-agent systems in which agents share information and coordinate their - havior througha shared medium called an agentenvironment. Typical examples are gradient ?elds and digital pheromones that guide agents in their local c- text and as such facilitate the coordination of a community of agents. Since environment-mediation in multi-agent systems has shown to result in mana- able solutions with very adaptable qualities, it is a promising paradigm to deal with the increasing complexity and dynamism of distributed applications. Control in environment-mediated multi-agent systems is decentralized, i. e. , noneofthecomponentshasfullaccessorcontroloverthesystem. Self-organization isanapproachtoengineerdecentralized,distributedandresource-limitedsystems thatarecapableofdynamicallyadaptingtochangingconditionsandrequirements without external intervention. This useful system property is often re?ected in functionssuchasself-con?guration,self-optimization,andself-healing. Engine- ing approaches to self-organizing systems often rely on global functionality to emerge from localand autonomous decisions of individual agents that commu- catethroughasharedagentenvironment.
