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Author: Lloyd D. Fricker
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780849388521
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 314
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Book Description
This book provides a comprehensive review of the field of peptide biosynthesis. Individual chapters range from historical perspectives of the field to current knowledge regarding specific enzymes. Every step from gene to final bioactive peptide is covered in detail. Approximately two thirds of the book reviews the enzymes responsible for intracellular and extracellular peptide processing. Other chapters cover issues such as tissue-specific processing and the subcellular sorting of the peptides. New areas covered include the discovery, purification, characterization, and cDNA cloning of peptide processing enzymes involved with endopeptidase processing, carboxypeptidase processing, and C-terminal amidation; identification of the mammalian KEX-2 (subtilisin-like) family of proteases; identification of a second enzyme involved in C-terminal amidation; and the characterization of regulatory elements in neuropeptide genes and the associated DNA-binding proteins, such as CREB and related proteins, in addition to the Pit-1/GHF-1 family of proteins. The book's extensive coverage and 1000 references make it important reading material for new and established researchers in this rapidly expanding field.
Author: Lloyd D. Fricker
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780849388521
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 314
Get Book
Book Description
This book provides a comprehensive review of the field of peptide biosynthesis. Individual chapters range from historical perspectives of the field to current knowledge regarding specific enzymes. Every step from gene to final bioactive peptide is covered in detail. Approximately two thirds of the book reviews the enzymes responsible for intracellular and extracellular peptide processing. Other chapters cover issues such as tissue-specific processing and the subcellular sorting of the peptides. New areas covered include the discovery, purification, characterization, and cDNA cloning of peptide processing enzymes involved with endopeptidase processing, carboxypeptidase processing, and C-terminal amidation; identification of the mammalian KEX-2 (subtilisin-like) family of proteases; identification of a second enzyme involved in C-terminal amidation; and the characterization of regulatory elements in neuropeptide genes and the associated DNA-binding proteins, such as CREB and related proteins, in addition to the Pit-1/GHF-1 family of proteins. The book's extensive coverage and 1000 references make it important reading material for new and established researchers in this rapidly expanding field.
Author: Waleed M. Hussein
Publisher: Humana
ISBN: 9781071602263
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This book provides a variety of procedures for synthetically producing peptides and their derivatives, ensuring the kind of precision that is of paramount importance for successful synthesis. Numerous techniques relevant to drugs and vaccines are explored, such as conjugation and condensation methodologies. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Peptide Synthesis: Methods and Protocols serves as an essential guide to the many crucial processes that will allow researchers to efficiently prepare, purify, characterize, and use peptides for chemical, biochemical, and biological studies.
Author: Jens F. Rehfeld
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642118364
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 245
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Book Description
The concept of hormonal regulation using intercellular peptide messengers dates back to the discovery of secretin in 1902. The concept was simple: A peptide is released from specific hormone producing cells, endocrine cells, into circulation upon stimulation of the cells. The peptide hormone travels via blood to its target, the cells of which are equipped with specific receptors for high-affinity binding of the particular peptide hormone. Receptor binding subsequently elicits action of the target cells. This concept has been seriously challenged by modern biochemistry and cell biology. Thus, it is now well established that the gene of a specific peptide hormone may be expressed in different types of endocrine cells, in neurons, and in some instances also in adipocytes, myocytes, osteoblasts, and immune cells. Today, only a few hormones – including the old master hormone insulin – represent the original endocrine paradigm. Instead, the widespread cellular synthesis now raises the qu- tion of how the body maintains the regulation of its functions by peptide hormones when a hormone may originate from a variety of cells.
Author: Knud J. Jensen
Publisher: Humana
ISBN: 9781493960040
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Peptides are used ubiquitously for studies in biology, biochemistry, chemical biology, peptide based medicinal chemistry, and many other areas of research. There is a number of marketed peptide drugs, and the prospects for the development of new peptide drugs are very encouraging. The second edition of Peptide Synthesis and Applications expands upon the previous editions with current, detailed methodologies for peptide synthesis. With new chapters on laboratory protocols for both the specialist and the non-specialist. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Peptide Synthesis and Application, Second Edition seeks to aid scientists in understanding different approaches to the synthesis of peptides by using a broad range of methods and strategies.
Author: Akina Hoshino
Publisher: Biota Publishing
ISBN: 1615043659
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 114
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Book Description
The prohormone convertases (PC) 1/3 and 2 are calcium-activated eukaryotic subtilisins with low pH optima which accomplish the limited proteolysis of peptide hormone precursors within neurons and endocrine cells. In this lecture, we review the biochemistry, regulation, and roles of PC1/3 and 2 in disease, with an emphasis on the work published in the last 10 years. In the 20 years since their discovery, a great deal has been learned about their localization and cellular functions. Both PCs share the same four domains: the propeptides perform important roles in controlling activation and targeting; the catalytic domains confer specificity, with PC1/3 possessing a more restricted binding pocket than that of PC2; the P domain is required for expression and contributes to enzymatic properties; and the C-terminal tail assists in proper routing to granules. PC1/3, but not PC2, exists in full-length and C-terminally truncated forms that exhibit different biochemical properties. Both enzymes associate with binding proteins; proSAAS is thought to modulate precursor cleavage by PC1/3, while co-expression of 7B2 is obligatory for the formation of active PC2. Finally, new studies have revealed an increasingly important role for PC1/3 polymorphisms and mutations in glucose homeostasis and obesity. Table of Contents: General Introduction to the Prohormone Convertases / Prohormone Convertase 1/3 / Prohormone Convertase 2 / Summary and Future Directions / References / Author Biography
Author: Bernd Gutte
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080538592
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 527
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Book Description
In recent years, research has shown the importance of peptides in neuroscience, immunology, and cell biology. Active research programs worldwide are now engaged in developing peptide-based drugs and vaccines using modification of natural peptides and proteins, design of artificial peptides and peptide mimetics, and screening of peptide and phage libraries. In this comprehensive book, the authors discuss peptide synthesis and application within the context of their increasing importance to the pharmaceutical industry. Peptides: Synthesis, Structures, and Applications explores the broad growth of information in modern peptide synthetic methods and the structure-activity relationships of synthetic polypeptides. The history of peptide chemistry Amide formation, deprotection, and disulfide formation in peptide synthesis Solid-phase peptide synthesis a-helix formation by peptides in water Stability and dynamics of peptide conformation An overview of structure-function studies of peptide hormones Neuropeptides:peptide and nonpeptide analogs Reversible inhibitors of serine proteinases Design of polypeptides Current capabilities and future possibilities of soluble chemical combinatorial libraries Epitope mapping with peptides Synthesis and applications of branched peptides in immunological methods and vaccines
Author: Antonio Camargo
Publisher: Biota Publishing
ISBN: 1615043691
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 92
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Book Description
Proteins are considered supremely important for the organization, survival, and functioning of living organisms. They were considered stable and static molecules until the early 1940s, when RudolphSchoenheimer demonstrated that proteins exist in a constant dynamic process of synthesis and degradation (proteostasis), absolutely essential for life. Since then, general and limited protein degradation became some of the most fascinating aspects of biological sciences. This book is focused on a particular aspect of protein degradation, namely, limited proteolysis, which gives rise to bioactive peptides as a result of the enzymatic action of proteinases and peptidases, which are enzymes that hydrolyze specific peptide bonds of proteins and peptides, respectively. In a broad sense, bioactive peptides are any fragment of endogenous or exogenous proteins able to elicit either physiological or pathological activities. Here, we aim at presenting to the readers that bioactive peptides are not merely produced through random processes during protein degradation, but rather through a well-organized enzymatic process that is deeply integrated in the homeostatic processes of living organisms.
Author: Gregg B. Fields
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 828
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Book Description
The critically acclaimed laboratory standard for more than forty years, Methods in Enzymology is one of the most highly respected publications in the field of biochemistry. Since 1955, each volumehas been eagerly awaited, frequently consulted, and praised by researchers and reviewers alike. More than 275 volumes have been published (all of them still in print) and much of the material is relevant even today-truly an essential publication for researchers in all fields of life sciences. Key Features * Solid-phase peptide synthesis * Applications of peptides for structural and biological studies * Characterization of synthetic peptides
Author: Yi Yang
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128011815
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 376
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Book Description
Side Reactions in Peptide Synthesis, based on the author’s academic and industrial experience, and backed by a thorough review of the current literature, provides analysis of, and proposes solutions to, the most frequently encountered side reactions during peptide and peptidomimetic synthesis. This valuable handbook is ideal for research and process chemists working with peptide synthesis in diverse settings across academic, biotech, and pharmaceutical research and development. While peptide chemistry is increasingly prevalent, common side reactions and their causes are often poorly understood or anticipated, causing unnecessary waste of materials and delay. Each chapter discusses common side reactions through detailed chemical equations, proposed mechanisms (if any), theoretical background, and finally, a variety of possible solutions to avoid or alleviate the specified side reaction. Provides a systematic examination on how to troubleshoot and minimize the most frequent side reactions in peptide synthesis Gives chemists the background information and the practical tools they need to successfully troubleshoot and improve results Includes optimization-oriented analysis of side reactions in peptide synthesis for improved industrial process development in peptidyl API (active pharmaceutical ingredient) production Answers the growing, global need for improved, replicable processes to avoid impurities and maintain the integrity of the end product. Presents a thorough discussion of critical factors in peptide synthesis which are often neglected or underestimated by chemists Covers solid phase and solution phase methodologies, and provides abundant references for further exploration
Author: Sotirios Koutsopoulos
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
ISBN: 0081007426
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 656
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Book Description
Peptide Applications in Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Bioengineering summarizes the current knowledge on peptide applications in biomedicine, biotechnology and bioengineering. After a general introduction to peptides, the book addresses the many applications of peptides in biomedicine and medical technology. Next, the text focuses on peptide applications in biotechnology and bioengineering and reviews of peptide applications in nanotechnology. This book is a valuable resource for biomaterial scientists, polymer scientists, bioengineers, mechanical engineers, synthetic chemists, medical doctors and biologists. Presents a self-contained work for the field of biomedical peptides Summarizes the current knowledge on peptides in biomedicine, biotechnology and bioengineering Covers current and potential applications of biomedical peptides
