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Author: Energy Sector Management Assistance Programme
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Ulaanbaatar's heating sector is struggling to meet accelerating demand growth. Over the past twodecades, population growth in Mongolia's capital city has increased exponentially, mainly due to rapid rural-to-urban migration, and it is expected to reach 1.9 million by 2035. With urbanization and economic growth, new buildings are being built at a rapid pace, requiring connections to the district heating (DH) network. Over the next decade, it is projected that urban heating demand will grow by an average annual rate of 5-6 percent. At the same time, the DH network-once Ulaanbaatar's principal heat supply-is deteriorating. About two-fifths of the population (some 120,000 households) are supplied from the DH network. However, the system is dilapidated, resulting from a lack of investments for needed rehabilitation and upgrading in past decades. Owing to high water losses, the quality of replenishment water has not been adequately maintained to prevent corrosion; thus, piping is typically quite old and corroded. The total length of transmission pipelines is about 130 km (dual pipe) with pipe diameters in a range of 200-1,200 mm. It is estimated that 50 percent of the transmission pipelines are in poor technical condition, urgently requiring replacement. The secondary (distribution) network, with a total trench length of about 226 km, has a variety of owners and operators and also requires major rehabilitation and replacement. Tariffs, which are set below cost-recovery levels, exacerbate the sector's financial distress and contribute to its decay. Despite recent adjustments, consumer tariffs remain lower than the cost-recovery level, requiring state subsidies for sector operators and cross-subsidies at various points along the entire heat supply chain. Tariff-related cost allocations between electricity and heat customers lead to indirect subsidies for residential DH customers. The average DH price of 0.8 US Dollars per GJ (2014 figure) is approximately 10-20 times lower than in such Eastern European cities as Vilnius or Warsaw, and even lower than in other European cities. The sector's 2013 Master Plan estimated that a 130 percent increase in the heat tariff would be needed to achieve full cost recovery. The situation has changed little in recent years.
Author: Energy Sector Management Assistance Programme
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
Ulaanbaatar's heating sector is struggling to meet accelerating demand growth. Over the past twodecades, population growth in Mongolia's capital city has increased exponentially, mainly due to rapid rural-to-urban migration, and it is expected to reach 1.9 million by 2035. With urbanization and economic growth, new buildings are being built at a rapid pace, requiring connections to the district heating (DH) network. Over the next decade, it is projected that urban heating demand will grow by an average annual rate of 5-6 percent. At the same time, the DH network-once Ulaanbaatar's principal heat supply-is deteriorating. About two-fifths of the population (some 120,000 households) are supplied from the DH network. However, the system is dilapidated, resulting from a lack of investments for needed rehabilitation and upgrading in past decades. Owing to high water losses, the quality of replenishment water has not been adequately maintained to prevent corrosion; thus, piping is typically quite old and corroded. The total length of transmission pipelines is about 130 km (dual pipe) with pipe diameters in a range of 200-1,200 mm. It is estimated that 50 percent of the transmission pipelines are in poor technical condition, urgently requiring replacement. The secondary (distribution) network, with a total trench length of about 226 km, has a variety of owners and operators and also requires major rehabilitation and replacement. Tariffs, which are set below cost-recovery levels, exacerbate the sector's financial distress and contribute to its decay. Despite recent adjustments, consumer tariffs remain lower than the cost-recovery level, requiring state subsidies for sector operators and cross-subsidies at various points along the entire heat supply chain. Tariff-related cost allocations between electricity and heat customers lead to indirect subsidies for residential DH customers. The average DH price of 0.8 US Dollars per GJ (2014 figure) is approximately 10-20 times lower than in such Eastern European cities as Vilnius or Warsaw, and even lower than in other European cities. The sector's 2013 Master Plan estimated that a 130 percent increase in the heat tariff would be needed to achieve full cost recovery. The situation has changed little in recent years.
Author:
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323939414
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 4061
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Book Description
Encyclopedia of Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Four Volume Set comprehensively covers all renewable energy resources, including wind, solar, hydro, biomass, geothermal energy, and nuclear power, to name a few. In addition to covering the breadth of renewable energy resources at a fundamental level, this encyclopedia delves into the utilization and ideal applications of each resource and assesses them from environmental, economic, and policy standpoints. This book will serve as an ideal introduction to any renewable energy source for students, while also allowing them to learn about a topic in more depth and explore related topics, all in a single resource. Instructors, researchers, and industry professionals will also benefit from this comprehensive reference. Covers all renewable energy technologies in one comprehensive resource“/li> Details renewable energies’ processes, from production to utilization in a single encyclopedia Organizes topics into concise, consistently formatted chapters, perfect for readers who are new to the field Assesses economic challenges faced to implement each type of renewable energy Addresses the challenges of replacing fossil fuels with renewables and covers the environmental impacts of each renewable energy
Author: Eftihia G. Nathanail
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030023052
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 877
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Book Description
This book aims at showing how big data sources and data analytics can play an important role in sustainable mobility. It is especially intended to provide academicians, researchers, practitioners and decision makers with a snapshot of methods that can be effectively used to improve urban mobility. The different chapters, which report on contributions presented at the 4th Conference on Sustainable Urban Mobility, held on May 24-25, 2018, in Skiathos Island, Greece, cover different thematic areas, such as social networks and traveler behavior, applications of big data technologies in transportation and analytics, transport infrastructure and traffic management, transportation modeling, vehicle emissions and environmental impacts, public transport and demand responsive systems, intermodal interchanges, smart city logistics systems, data security and associated legal aspects. They show in particular how to apply big data in improving urban mobility, discuss important challenges in developing and implementing analytics methods and provide the reader with an up-to-date review of the most representative research on data management techniques for enabling sustainable urban mobility
Author: Sheila Devasahayam
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1498733069
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 735
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Book Description
Sustainable practices within the mining and energy sectors are assuming greater significance due to uncertainty and change within the global economy and safety, security, and health concerns. This book examines sustainability issues facing the mining and energy sectors by addressing six major themes: Mining and Mineral Processing; Metallurgy and Recycling; Environment; Energy; Socioeconomic and Regulatory; and Sustainable Materials and Fleets. Emphasizing an integrated transdisciplinary approach, it deliberates on optimizing mining productivity and energy efficiency and discusses integrated waste management practices. It discusses risk management, cost cutting, and integration of sustainable practices for long-term business value. It gives a comprehensive outlook for sustainable mineral futures from academic and industry perspectives covering mine to mill optimization, waste, risk and water management, improved efficiencies in mining tools and equipment, and performance indicators for sustainable developments. It covers how innovation and research underpin management of natural resources including sustainable carbon management. •Focuses on mining and mineral processing, metallurgy and recycling, the environment, energy, socioeconomic and regulatory issues, and sustainable materials and fleets. •Describes metallurgy and recycling and uses economic, environmental and social parameter analyses to identify areas for improvement in iron, steel, aluminium, lead, zinc, copper, and gold production. •Discusses current research on mining, performance indicators for sustainable development, sustainability in mining equipment, risk and safety management, and renewable energy resources •Covers alternative and conventional energy sources for the mineral sector as well water treatment and remediation and energy sustainability in mining. •Provides an overview of sustainable carbon management. •Offers an interdisciplinary approach with international focus.
Author: Måns Nilsson
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 0415683602
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 329
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Book Description
This book is about how societies around the world can accelerate innovation in sustainable transport. It examines the relationship between policy change and the development of technological innovations in low carbon vehicle technologies, including biofuels, hybrid-electric vehicles, electric vehicles and fuel cells. Examining this relationship across countries and regions that are leaders in vehicle manufacturing and innovation, such as the European Union, Germany, Sweden, China, Japan, Korea and USA, the books aims to learn lessons about policy and innovation performance.
Author: Barrett Williams
Publisher: Barrett Williams
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 116
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Book Description
Step into the future of power with "Harnessing the Elements," a comprehensive and captivating exploration into the world of renewable energy. This eBook is your essential guide to understanding the forces that will shape tomorrow's energy landscape. Through a collection of rich and informative chapters, readers are taken on a journey from the very nucleus of sustainability concepts to the sweeping vistas of a cleaner, more resilient planet. In "Harnessing the Elements," you dive deep into the mechanics and marvels of solar power – our sun's generous gift and a cornerstone of the green revolution. Navigate the scientific and systemic intricacies of wind energy as you learn how turbines convert breezes into bountiful electricity. Explore the vast potential of tidal forces, unwavering and powerful, poised to become the beating heart of coastal power generation. Journey into the Earth itself with a section on geothermal energy, uncovering its potential right beneath our feet. Hydropower's transformative energy and biomass's organic promise are dissected and celebrated, showcasing the old and the new in harmonious symphony. With great anticipation, "Harnessing the Elements" delves into the realm of hydrogen energy, unraveling the complexities of this exciting and challenging frontier. In the transportation chapter, witness the electrifying race towards a horizon filled with sustainable vehicles and greener public transport systems. Discover energy efficiency like never before with a look at cutting-edge innovations that are redefining power consumption. Understand the regulatory landscape that shapes renewable ventures, and grapple with the economics driving green energy forward. "Harnessing the Elements" expands its lens to reveal renewable energy efforts across the globe, providing a treasure trove of case studies that will inspire and inform. Climate change, a topic of unparalleled importance, is given a spotlight, exploring the undeniable synergy between renewable resources and our planet's well-being. Community and entrepreneurial initiatives are highlighted, offering a guide for those eager to partake in the energy revolution. And, as you look to the horizon, "Harnessing the Elements" posits on the enthralling future of energy, where innovation and sustainability are interwoven into the fabric of everyday life. This eBook is a call to action, a primer for those who value knowledge as the blueprint for change. "Harnessing the Elements" is more than just a book; it's a catalyst for transformation, making it an indispensable resource for anyone keen to be part of the sustainable energy movement. Whether you're an enthusiast, a student, a professional, or simply a citizen of Earth, the power to change the world is at your fingertips. Plug into this vital source of renewable energy wisdom, and let's illuminate a brighter future together.
Author: Mohammad Reza Rahimpour
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0443192286
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 468
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Book Description
Advances in Natural Gas: Formation, Processing, and Applications is a comprehensive eight-volume set of books that discusses in detail the theoretical basics and practical methods of various aspects of natural gas from exploration and extraction, to synthesizing, processing and purifying, producing valuable chemicals and energy. The volumes introduce transportation and storage challenges as well as hydrates formation, extraction, and prevention Volume 7 titled Natural Gas Products and Uses comprehensively discusses natural gas conversion and applications for producing high-value chemicals and energy which are accompanied with related environmental challenges and economic analysis. The book covers various methods for producing valuable materials such as synthesis and fuel gases, alkanes, aromatics, sulphurs, etc. and introduces power and electricity generation as well as heat production from natural gas and their applications on future energy systems. Introduces various chemicals produced from natural gas Describes power and energy generation methods from natural gas Discusses cogeneration, trigeneration, and other techniques for effective integration of natural gas production with energy systems
Author: Caineng Zou
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811527288
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 423
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Book Description
This book comprehensively and systematically introduces the principles, key technologies and main types of new energy utilization based on the analysis and prospect of global energy development trend and energy transformation law. Starting from the basic law of energy development, this book points out the inevitability of the development of fossil energy to non-fossil new energy, expounds scientifically and prospectively the importance of developing new energy to conform to the law of energy development and to ensure national energy security, introduces in detail various new energy technologies, summarizes the new strategies of traditional energy companies, and expounds respectively current situation and application prospect. The book is divided into four parts. The first one is "Energy Trend" includes the law of energy development, world energy layout and energy development trend. The second part, "New Energy Revolution", includes revolutionary energy technology and energy Internet technology. The third part is "New Strategies of Traditional Energy Companies", which includes the new energy distribution of oil companies and coal-fired power companies. Part IV "New Energy Theories", includes hydrogen energy, energy storage and new materials, geothermal, nuclear energy, wind and tide and other new energy sources.
Author: Vikas Verma
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1040020518
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 377
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Book Description
The text comprehensively highlights the latest methodologies, models, techniques, and applications along with a description of modeling, optimization, and experimental works in the energy sector. It further explains key concepts such as finite element analysis tools, hybrid energy systems, mechanical components design, and optimization, solar coupled systems, and vertical heat exchanger. This book • Discusses the role and integration of solar, geothermal, and hydrogen‐based thermal energy storage (TES) technologies in different sectors for space heating and cooling applications. • Covers mechanical modeling and optimization of hybrid energy storage systems for performance improvement and focuses on hydrogen production, storage, and safety measures. • Explores the integration of IoT and global energy interaction technologies, highlighting their potential benefits in driving the transition toward a sustainable and resilient global energy system. • Explains different aspects of clean technologies such as batteries, fuel cells, ground energy storage, solar thermal system, and the role of green hydrogen in decarbonizing sectors like transportation and energy. • Showcases a clear idea of sustainable development using renewable energy, focusing on policymaking, challenges in transition from conventional to renewable energy, and future directions in energy sector. It is primarily written for senior undergraduates and graduate students, and academic researchers in the fields of mechanical engineering, production engineering, industrial engineering, and environmental engineering.
Author: Juana Du
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832536182
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 112
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Book Description
