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Author: Adèle Bussy
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 0
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Introduction : Les médicaments génériques sont indispensables à la maîtrise des dépenses de santé. Leur part de marché reste basse en France. Les attitudes des prescripteurs pourraient jouer un rôle majeur. Objectif : Explorer les attitudes des médecins généralistes ambulatoires à l'égard des médicaments génériques dans deux départements français où leur taux de pénétration est des plus faibles. Méthodes : Étude observationnelle, menée en Guadeloupe et Martinique (octobre 2015 - février 2016), faisant appel aux méthodes mixtes. La première phase, qualitative, portait sur une population diversifiée de 14 praticiens, vus en entretiens semi-structurés. La seconde phase, quantitative, portait sur un échantillon aléatoire de 316 praticiens (taux de réponse = 74%), soumis à un questionnaire ouvert constitué à partir des résultats de la première phase. Résultats : 78% des participants définissaient les génériques comme contenant un principe actif identique au princeps, mais 10% les pensaient équivalents, et autant les jugeaient de qualité douteuse. Le premier intérêt reconnu aux génériques était leur coût réduit (82%). Les principaux inconvénients cités étaient : la variabilité de leur présentation (44%), la confusion induite chez certains patients (47%), des effets indésirables (37%) et une inefficacité (24%) souvent allégués, et des refus fréquents (26%). 74% des médecins déclaraient adapter leurs pratiques de prescription selon les situations, dont 47% prescrivaient en princeps sur simple demande des patients. Conclusions : Les médecins interrogés étaient en majorité favorables aux médicaments génériques. Pris entre les exigences de l'assurance maladie et hostilité de nombreux usagers, ils demandaient une homogénéisation des galéniques et une meilleure information des populations.
Author: Adèle Bussy
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Introduction : Les médicaments génériques sont indispensables à la maîtrise des dépenses de santé. Leur part de marché reste basse en France. Les attitudes des prescripteurs pourraient jouer un rôle majeur. Objectif : Explorer les attitudes des médecins généralistes ambulatoires à l'égard des médicaments génériques dans deux départements français où leur taux de pénétration est des plus faibles. Méthodes : Étude observationnelle, menée en Guadeloupe et Martinique (octobre 2015 - février 2016), faisant appel aux méthodes mixtes. La première phase, qualitative, portait sur une population diversifiée de 14 praticiens, vus en entretiens semi-structurés. La seconde phase, quantitative, portait sur un échantillon aléatoire de 316 praticiens (taux de réponse = 74%), soumis à un questionnaire ouvert constitué à partir des résultats de la première phase. Résultats : 78% des participants définissaient les génériques comme contenant un principe actif identique au princeps, mais 10% les pensaient équivalents, et autant les jugeaient de qualité douteuse. Le premier intérêt reconnu aux génériques était leur coût réduit (82%). Les principaux inconvénients cités étaient : la variabilité de leur présentation (44%), la confusion induite chez certains patients (47%), des effets indésirables (37%) et une inefficacité (24%) souvent allégués, et des refus fréquents (26%). 74% des médecins déclaraient adapter leurs pratiques de prescription selon les situations, dont 47% prescrivaient en princeps sur simple demande des patients. Conclusions : Les médecins interrogés étaient en majorité favorables aux médicaments génériques. Pris entre les exigences de l'assurance maladie et hostilité de nombreux usagers, ils demandaient une homogénéisation des galéniques et une meilleure information des populations.
Author: Marion Martin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 292
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INTRODUCTION : Alors que le déficit de la Sécurité sociale atteint 23 milliards d'Euros, les pouvoirs publics poursuivent leur politique de maîtrise de dépense de santé dont le développement des médicaments génériques fait partie.Le médicament générique est une copie d'un médicament princeps dont le brevet est tombé dans le domaine public. OBJECTIFS : Le but de cette étude est de connaître l'opinion et les pratiques des médecins généralistes et des pharmaciens d'officine ainsi que leur comportement dans le domaine du médicament générique. METHODE : Deux questionnaires ont été réalisés : l'un adressé par courrier postal à 346 médecins de Gironde ; l'autre par courrier électronique à 545 pharmaciens de Gironde. RESULTATS : Les taux de participation étaient de 53 % pour les médecins et de 6,8 % pour les pharmaciens. Seuls 30 % des médecins pensent que les médicaments génériques ont les mêmes qualité, efficacité et sécurité que le princeps ; quant aux pharmaciens, ils sont 90 % à partager cet avis. La prescription et la délivrance de génériques sont influencées par l'âge du patient et les caractéristIques du médicament. Les médicaments génériques sont mieux acceptés lorsque la prescription émane du médecin. Les médecins souhaiteraient une formation adaptée à la prescription de génériques. DISCUSSION : Les principales craintes des professionnels de santé sont les perturbations que peut engendrer la substitution chez la personne âgée (confusion entre médicaments, mauvaise observance). Ils souhaitent que les patients atteints de pathologie chronique reçoivent toujours la même spécialité. De nombreux médecins refusent la substitution pour certaines molécules comme le clopidogrel, les antiépileptiques, la lévothyroxine. CONCLUSION : Même si quelques réticences persistent, les professionnels de santé ne semblent pas opposés au développement des génériques. Leur rôle est de fournir une information claire et appropriée au patient grâce à une éducation thérapeutique adaptée.
Author: Nathan I. Cherny
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 0199656096
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1281
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Emphasising the multi-disciplinary nature of palliative care the fourth edition of this text also looks at the individual professional roles that contribute to the best-quality palliative care.
Author: Stephan Conermann
Publisher: V&R unipress GmbH
ISBN: 3847102281
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 232
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Once a person starts to study the 250-some years of the Mamluk Era in Egypt and Syria (12501517), one characteristic of that period stands out immediately the very unusual polarization of its society. A predominantly Arabic population was dominated by a purely Turkish-born elite of manu-mitted military slaves who sought to regenerate themselves continuously through a self-imposed fiat. The only person who could become a Mamluk was a Turk who had been born free outside the Islamic territories as a non-Muslim, then enslaved, brought to Egypt as a slave, converted to Islam, freed, and finally, trained as a warrior. Only those who met these prerequisites were members of the ruling stratum with all the concomitant political, military, and economic advantages. On this historically unique model of a society, Stephan Conermann has published a series of seminal articles. In this edited volume the reader gets an excellent introduction to some of the central issues of the ongoing research on the Mamluk history and society.
Author: David Stuckler
Publisher: Basic Books
ISBN: 0465063977
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 242
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Book Description
Politicians have talked endlessly about the seismic economic and social impacts of the recent financial crisis, but many continue to ignore its disastrous effects on human health—and have even exacerbated them, by adopting harsh austerity measures and cutting key social programs at a time when constituents need them most. The result, as pioneering public health experts David Stuckler and Sanjay Basu reveal in this provocative book, is that many countries have turned their recessions into veritable epidemics, ruining or extinguishing thousands of lives in a misguided attempt to balance budgets and shore up financial markets. Yet sound alternative policies could instead help improve economies and protect public health at the same time. In The Body Economic, Stuckler and Basu mine data from around the globe and throughout history to show how government policy becomes a matter of life and death during financial crises. In a series of historical case studies stretching from 1930s America, to Russia and Indonesia in the 1990s, to present-day Greece, Britain, Spain, and the U.S., Stuckler and Basu reveal that governmental mismanagement of financial strife has resulted in a grim array of human tragedies, from suicides to HIV infections. Yet people can and do stay healthy, and even get healthier, during downturns. During the Great Depression, U.S. deaths actually plummeted, and today Iceland, Norway, and Japan are happier and healthier than ever, proof that public wellbeing need not be sacrificed for fiscal health. Full of shocking and counterintuitive revelations and bold policy recommendations, The Body Economic offers an alternative to austerity—one that will prevent widespread suffering, both now and in the future.
Author: Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811527245
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 376
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Book Description
Medicines are vital in improving patient health outcomes and pharmaceutical policy is a fundamental component of any health system. However, the global pharmaceutical policy is ever-evolving and data and quality ‘research-based information’ in this field are scarce. This book fills this gap and provides up-to-date empirical information and evidence-based synthesis. It focuses on pertinent key issues in global pharmaceutical policy including medicines safety, generic medicines, pharmaceutical supply chain, medicines financing, access and affordability of medicines, rational use of medicines, pharmacy health services research and access to vaccines and biological products. Featuring policy case studies from varied countries such as Mexico, Russia, China, Kyrgyzstan, and Pakistan, this book comprises a valuable and comprehensive resource for students, funders, policymakers, academics, and researchers interested in this field.
Author: Richard Hain
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 019882131X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 535
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Book Description
The importance of palliative care for children facing life threatening illness and their families is now widely acknowledged as an essential part of care, which should be available to all children and families, throughout the child's illness and at the end of life. The new edition of the Oxford Textbook of Palliative Care for Children brings together the most up to date information, current knowledge, evidence, and developments of clinical practice in the field. The book is structured into four sections. 'Foundations of Care' describes core issues, the foundations on which paediatric palliative care is based. 'Child and Family Care' looks at different aspects of psychological, social, and cultural care for the sick child or young person, and their family. These chapters cover the time course of the illness, around the time of death and support for the bereaved family. 'Symptom Care' focuses on the uses of medication, specific symptoms, and their management. Finally, 'Delivery of Care' examines practical approaches to care in different environments and the needs of clinicians. Two new editors join the team from Canada and South Africa, reflecting our aims to contribute towards the development of care for children across the world, and to be a resource for both experienced clinicians and those new to the field. Comprehensive in scope, exhaustive in detail, and definitive in authority, this third edition has been thoroughly updated to cover new practices, current epidemiological data, and the evolving models that support the delivery of palliative medicine to children. This includes two new chapters, looking in detail at 'Decision Making' and 'Perinatal Care', and a new section highlighting the emerging importance of 'Palliative Care for Children in Humanitarian Crises'. This book is an essential resource for anyone who works with children worldwide.
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9789251045411
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 20
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Book Description
The actual Code of conduct is also available (1996) (ISBN 9251038341).
Author: Cristiano Antonelli
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 1845427920
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 495
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Book Description
This Festschrift explores the truly exceptional breadth and depth of Paul David s work, focusing upon his contributions to the topics of path dependence, the economics of knowledge, and the diffusion of technology. The book consists of 15 papers plus an introduction by the editors and an entertaining postscript by Dominique Foray. . . For economic historians, the papers on path dependence assembled in this book, and particularly the conceptual paper by Antonelli, should be essential reading. Nikolaus Wolf, Economic History Review Recent research on the economics of innovation has acknowledged the importance of path dependence and networks in the evolution of economies and the diffusion of new techniques, products, and processes. These are topics pioneered by Paul A. David, one of the world s leading scholars in the economics of innovation. This outstanding collection provides a fitting tribute to the diversity and depth of Paul David s contributions. The papers included range from simulation models of the evolution of market structure in the presence of innovation, through historical investigations of knowledge networks and empirical analysis of contemporary networks, to the analysis of the diffusion of innovations using simulation and analytic models and of the diffusion of knowledge using patent data. With an emphasis on simulation models, data analysis, and historical evidence, this book will be required reading for researchers in innovation economics and regional development as well as economists, sociologists, and historians of innovation and intellectual property.
Author: Mohamed Izham Mohamed Ibrahim
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128112298
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 486
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Book Description
Social and Administrative Aspects of Pharmacy in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Present Challenges and Future Solutions examines the particularities of low- and middle-income countries and offers solutions based on their needs, culture and available resources. Drawing from the firsthand experience of researchers and practitioners working in these countries, this book addresses the socio-behavioral aspects of pharmacy and health, pharmacoeconomics, pharmaceutical policy, supply management and marketing, pharmacoepidemiology and public health pharmacy specific to low- and middle-income countries. While some practices may be applied appropriately in disparate places, too often pharmacy practice in low- and middle-income countries is directly copied from successes in developed countries, despite the unique needs and challenges low- and middle-income countries face. - Examines key issues and challenges of pharmacy practice and the pharmaceutical sector specific to low- and middle-income countries - Compares pharmacy practice in developed and developing countries to highlight the unique challenges and opportunities of each - Provides a blueprint for the future of pharmacy in low- and middle-income countries, including patient-centered care, evidence-based care and promoting the role of the pharmacist for primary health care in these settings
