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Author: Erika Bonilla
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780355341881
Category : African American parents
Languages : en
Pages : 43
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Book Description
Abstract: Obesity in the United States is the highest among children in families with an income-to-poverty ratio of 100% or less. Exploration of whether parents' employment status contributes to children's diets may clarify pathways through which socioeconomic status may impact childhood obesity. The present study is a cross-sectional secondary analysis utilizing the baseline data from the Transitions study; a longitudinal, biobehavioral study assessing changes in physical activity among Latina and African American girls. The secondary analysis assessed the relationship between parental employment status and child feeding practices, dietary behavior, and adiposity. One-way independent ANOVAs were conducted to compare child feeding practices, dietary intake, and adiposity by employment status. No significant findings were found; however, there was an indication that employment status likely influences children's eating patterns and weight status. The association between parental employment status and childhood obesity is understudied, and the available results do not present a consistent relationship.
Author: Erika Bonilla
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780355341881
Category : African American parents
Languages : en
Pages : 43
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Book Description
Abstract: Obesity in the United States is the highest among children in families with an income-to-poverty ratio of 100% or less. Exploration of whether parents' employment status contributes to children's diets may clarify pathways through which socioeconomic status may impact childhood obesity. The present study is a cross-sectional secondary analysis utilizing the baseline data from the Transitions study; a longitudinal, biobehavioral study assessing changes in physical activity among Latina and African American girls. The secondary analysis assessed the relationship between parental employment status and child feeding practices, dietary behavior, and adiposity. One-way independent ANOVAs were conducted to compare child feeding practices, dietary intake, and adiposity by employment status. No significant findings were found; however, there was an indication that employment status likely influences children's eating patterns and weight status. The association between parental employment status and childhood obesity is understudied, and the available results do not present a consistent relationship.
Author: Karina Silva Garcia
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : African American children
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Elizabeth Bollinger Ruzicka
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Food security
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Introduction: Controlling child feeding practices, restriction and pressure to eat, influence the development of adolescent obesity and eating-related behaviors. Adolescents from low-income households are at heightened risk for obesity. They may be particularly susceptible to obesogenic eating patterns due to greater availability of high energy-dense foods. Research has yet to investigate how parent and adolescent perspectives of feeding practices may be differentially related to adolescent weight and eating behaviors. The present study sought to (1) examine the associations between adolescent and parent perception of controlling child feeding practices (restriction and pressure to eat) and adolescent weight and obesogenic eating patterns among adolescents from a low-income background and (2) the potential moderating effects of household food insecurity and race. Methods: Participants included N=73 adolescent and parent dyads living within low-income households. As part of a larger laboratory-based study focused on adolescent stress and health, adolescents (13-17 yrs, M = 13.6, SD = 1.4, 47.9% female,) and their parents (Mage = 40.1, SD = 7.5, 93.2% female) completed questionnaires assessing eating patterns and perception of parental use of controlling feeding practices, restriction and pressure to eat. Adolescent and parent height and weight were measured objectively. Results: In bootstrapped linear regression models, parent-report restriction 95% CI [3.84, 18.08] and pressure to eat 95% CI [-14.42, -.04] were significantly associated with adolescent weight. Adolescent-report of restriction was significantly associated with obesogenic eating patterns, emotional 95% CI [.09, 2.56] and external eating 95% CI [.15, 3.19]. Adolescent-report of pressure to eat was significantly associated with both emotional 95% CI [.32, 2.79] and external eating 95% CI [.04, 2.56]. Parent and adolescent-report of restriction and pressure to eat were not significantly associated. No moderating effects of household food insecurity were identified. The associations between adolescent-reported pressure to eat and adolescent obesogenic eating were moderated by race, such that the associations were present in families with a White parent, but were not present in families with an African American parent (emotional eating F(1, 63) = 7.91, p
Author: Carlos Penilla
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 73
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It is known that mothers’ child-feeding behaviors are associated with their children’s weight status, but this is only one familial factor. There is a dearth of research on the associations of both mothers’ and fathers’ child-feeding behaviors and their children’s weight status in Mexican American families. In 2009-2010, 22% of Mexican American children aged 6 to 11 years had a body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to the 95th percentile and were considered obese compared to 14% of non-Latino White children of similar ages. This disparity was also seen among children under age 6. In the same period, 16% of Mexican American children aged 2 to 5 years were considered obese compared to 9% of non-Latino White children. Obesity during these early years is associated with increased risk of obesity later in life. In Mexican families, where fathers often influence family decisions, it is important to understand how they may also influence decisions around child feeding. Parental child-feeding behaviors are a major focus of my research because they are modifiable risk factors in children’s weight status, particularly when compared to other predictors, such as parental weight status, parental education level and ethnicity. Using the conceptual framework from Davison and Birch’s (2001) ecological model, which identifies individual, family and sociocultural influences on children’s weight status, this dissertation applies quantitative and qualitative methods to examine parental and sociocultural associations with child-feeding behaviors in Mexican American families. This dissertation research examines the associations of parental feeding behaviors and child weight status in Mexican American families, with a special focus on the role of fathers. I apply a three-pronged approach to the study of childhood obesity that includes a family, environmental, and nutrition policy component. At the family level, I demonstrate in my quantitative study (paper 1) that fathers’ child-feeding practices, such as pressure to eat and use of food to control behavior are equally as significant as mothers’ child-feeding practices in their associations with child weight status. For example, findings indicate that fathers’ higher use of pressure to eat and use of food to control behavior were significantly related to children’s lower weight status, after accounting for mothers’ feeding practices and other covariates. At the environmental level, I demonstrate in my qualitative study (paper 2) that both mothers and fathers experience structural and environmental obstacles, such as a lack of social support among neighbors and dirty, under-policed streets in urban neighborhoods, which negatively influences their ability to leave the house and makes it difficult to feed their children healthful foods. Specifically, I examine how these obstacles in turn influence the development of overweight and obesity in children aged 2 to 5 years. I have integrated the results of my first two studies with the existing literature on obesity in Latino children to inform the third component of my dissertation, a health policy brief. In this brief, I ask the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) to take steps and develop procedures to encourage full access to their services by Latino fathers and encourage their participation and, by so doing, support WIC goals for the nutrition of low-income children and their families. Overall, my findings suggest that in order to effectively intervene in the development of childhood obesity, community stakeholders, scholars and policymakers need a better understanding of how structural and environmental obstacles, and parents’ resources, culture, gender and ethnicity intersect and impact child weight.
Author: Genevieve Connors Yeley
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
The incidence of childhood and adolescent overweight in the United States is increasing at an alarming rate and is now considered the most prevalent nutritional disease of children and adolescents in this country. Although much attention has focused on genetic research, and heredity is an unarguable component of obesity, the role of the environment must be considered because genetic changes over entire populations are not likely to occur at such a rapid rate. In observing today's environment where energy-dense foods abound, restaurant dining has increased, and children are more sedentary than ever, the current trends in child/adolescent weight status are not surprising. This study digs to the heart of worrisome eating habits by exploring the development of these behaviors in the family. Previous studies show that parents' use of child feeding practices is related to their children's weight status. It is hypothesized that children of parents who utilize highly controlling feeding strategies (pressure, restriction, monitoring) will have nutrient intakes and weight indicators that are either higher or lower than the average for children whose parents exert less control over the eating domain. The objective of this research is to discover if significant relationships exist between parental child feeding strategies and child/adolescent overweight or underweight and nutrient intake. Birch's model explaining familial resemblances in eating and weight status was tested using her previously validated Child Feeding Questionnaire, standard anthropometric techniques, three days of diet records, and a previously validated child questionnaire. Three-hundred and twelve children/adolescents, 254 mothers, and 245 fathers from the Houston Metropolitan Statistical Area completed interviews, and data was analyzed with the Statistical Analysis System (SAS). Results confirmed the validity of Birch's model and previous studies that found significant relationships between child feeding strategies and children's nutrition status. Parents who pressured their children to eat (motivated by concern about the child being underweight) were more likely to have children with lower BMI percentiles and skinfolds while parents who monitored or restricted the child's intake had children with higher BMI percentiles and skinfold thicknesses. No clear relationships were found between feeding styles and nutrient intake.
Author: Carol D. Goodheart
Publisher: OUP USA
ISBN: 019516203X
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 529
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Book Description
"The Handbook of Girls' and Women's Psychological Health presents a contemporary view of psychological health for girls and women that integrates psychology, physiology, society, and culture. A range of 50 chapters integrates current research, scholarship, and practice on the risks and protective factors that influence women's health and well-being across the life span. Within and biopsychosocial framework, the Handbook explores mind and body, risks and resilience, research and interventions, cultural diversity, and public policy." "This Handbook underscores the importance of gender in the lives of girls and women developmentally across significant phases of the life span. Considering the importance of cultural context, this book illustrates how gender socialization in female development and behavior affects self-evaluation, identity processes, and the social roles that girls and women adopt. Its chapters illustrate how externally induced risks such as poverty, discrimination, and violence present challenges to healthy development. Significantly, the chapters also draw attention to long overlooked and compelling strengths and capacities that provide a firm basis for growth and health."--BOOK JACKET.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Sociology
Languages : en
Pages : 512
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Book Description
CSA Sociological Abstracts abstracts and indexes the international literature in sociology and related disciplines in the social and behavioral sciences. The database provides abstracts of journal articles and citations to book reviews drawn from over 1,800+ serials publications, and also provides abstracts of books, book chapters, dissertations, and conference papers.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medicine
Languages : en
Pages : 1856
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Book Description
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309388570
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 525
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Book Description
Decades of research have demonstrated that the parent-child dyad and the environment of the familyâ€"which includes all primary caregiversâ€"are at the foundation of children's well- being and healthy development. From birth, children are learning and rely on parents and the other caregivers in their lives to protect and care for them. The impact of parents may never be greater than during the earliest years of life, when a child's brain is rapidly developing and when nearly all of her or his experiences are created and shaped by parents and the family environment. Parents help children build and refine their knowledge and skills, charting a trajectory for their health and well-being during childhood and beyond. The experience of parenting also impacts parents themselves. For instance, parenting can enrich and give focus to parents' lives; generate stress or calm; and create any number of emotions, including feelings of happiness, sadness, fulfillment, and anger. Parenting of young children today takes place in the context of significant ongoing developments. These include: a rapidly growing body of science on early childhood, increases in funding for programs and services for families, changing demographics of the U.S. population, and greater diversity of family structure. Additionally, parenting is increasingly being shaped by technology and increased access to information about parenting. Parenting Matters identifies parenting knowledge, attitudes, and practices associated with positive developmental outcomes in children ages 0-8; universal/preventive and targeted strategies used in a variety of settings that have been effective with parents of young children and that support the identified knowledge, attitudes, and practices; and barriers to and facilitators for parents' use of practices that lead to healthy child outcomes as well as their participation in effective programs and services. This report makes recommendations directed at an array of stakeholders, for promoting the wide-scale adoption of effective programs and services for parents and on areas that warrant further research to inform policy and practice. It is meant to serve as a roadmap for the future of parenting policy, research, and practice in the United States.
Author: Jonathan E. Fielding
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199892768
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 399
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Book Description
In Public Health Practice: What Works, the leaders of LA County's Department of Public Health compile the lessons and best practices of working in a complex and evolving public health setting.
