Organizational Adaptation to Discontinuous Technological Change PDF Download
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Author: Nadine Kammerlander
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 365801315X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 344
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Book Description
Adaptation to discontinuous technological change constitutes a major, yet vincible challenge for established companies. This book reveals crucial differences between the challenges that family-owned and managed firms face as compared to non-family firms. Series of case studies in the German retailing and book publishing industries illustrate those differences. Empirical evidence as presented in the book further shows how organizational identity affects whether and in what way firms adapt to radical shifts in their environment.
Author: Nadine Kammerlander
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 365801315X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 344
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Book Description
Adaptation to discontinuous technological change constitutes a major, yet vincible challenge for established companies. This book reveals crucial differences between the challenges that family-owned and managed firms face as compared to non-family firms. Series of case studies in the German retailing and book publishing industries illustrate those differences. Empirical evidence as presented in the book further shows how organizational identity affects whether and in what way firms adapt to radical shifts in their environment.
Author: Ricardo G. Flores
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
A long history of organizational research has shown that organizations are affected significantly by changes in technology. Scholars have given particular attention to the effects of so-called disruptive or discontinuous technological changes. Studies have repeatedly shown that established, incumbent organizations tend to suffer deep performance declines (and even complete demise) in the face of such changes, and researchers have devoted much attention to identifying the organizational conditions and processes that are responsible for this persistent and widespread pattern of adaptation failure. This dissertation, which examines the response of the American College of Radiology (ACR) to the emergence of nuclear magnetic resonance imaging technology (NMR), aims to contribute to this well-established research tradition in three distinct and important ways. First, it focuses on a fundamentally different type of organization, a professional association, rather than the technology producers examined in most prior research. Although technologies are well known to be embedded in 0́−communities0́+ that include technology producers, suppliers, customers, governmental entities, professional societies, and other entities, most prior research has focused on the responses and ultimate fate of producers alone. Little if any research has explored the responses of professional organizations in particular. Second, the study employs a sophisticated process methodology that identifies the individual events that make up the organization0́9s response to technological change, as well as the overall sequence through which these events unfold. This process approach contrasts sharply with the variance models used in most previous studies and offers the promise of developing knowledge about how adaptation ultimately unfolds (or fails to). Finally, the project also contributes significantly through its exploration of an apparently successful case of adaptation to technological change. Though nuclear magnetic resonance imaging posed a serious threat to the ACR and its members, this threat appears to have been successfully managed and overcome. Although the unique nature of the organization and the technology under study place some important limits on the generalizablity of this research, its findings nonetheless provide some important basic insights about the process through which social organizations can successfully adapt to discontinuous technological changes. These insights, which may also be of substantial relevance to technology producer organizations, will also be elaborated.
Author: Marcie Jadine Tyre
Publisher: Forgotten Books
ISBN: 9781333801823
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 50
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Book Description
Excerpt from Windows of Opportunity: Creating Occasions for Technological Adaptation in Organizations New technologies are almost never perfect upon initial introduction. As Sahal (198227) stated, once introduced, new technologies are af icted by a wide variety of teething problems. Deployment of a given technology within a specific context of application reveals numerous opportunities for improvement that were not apparent before introduction, but that are needed to meet users' needs, objectives, or changing circumstances (rosenberg, 1982; Dutton and Thomas, The modifications that follow can affect the technology, its physical context, or even users' basic assumptions and patterns of use (leonard-barton, Unfortunately, however, we know little about the dynamics that underlie the modification of technologies-in-use. The objective of this paper is to provide an empirically grounded and theoretically informed conceptualization of how technologies change once introduced into specific user environments. Our research examined two questions. (i) What is the pattern of technological adaptation in organizations do users' modifications describe a continuous and gradual accumulation of minor improvements, or is adaptive effort and attention applied only intermittently, in a discontinuous fashion? Similarly, do organizations continue to adapt new technologies until most problems are addressed, or do adaptive efforts cease before that point? (ii) To the extent that general patterns of technological adaptation are observed, what organizational forces can be found to explain them? These questions are central to understanding the process of technological change and to appreciating how organizations change through their use of new technologies. Users' modification of existing technologies is critical for several reasons. First, users' discovery of and adaptation to problems in operation is an important force for shaping technological evolution and guiding r&d activity (von Hippel, 1982; Dutton and Thomas, Second, within the user context, modification of existing technologies and procedures for using them is a major determinant of operating efficiency and effectiveness (enos, 1958; Hollander, 1965; Dutton and Thomas. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works."
Author: Jan Fagerberg
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199286809
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 676
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Book Description
This handbook provides academics and students with a comprehensive and holistic understanding of the phenomenon of innovation.
Author: Pankaj Ghemawat
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
ISBN: 1439106177
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 305
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Book Description
To create a competitive advantage, a company must commit itself to developing a set of capabilities superior to its competitors; But such commitments tend to be costly and hard to reverse. How then, should a company decide which broad path, or strategy, to commit itself to? And how are competition and uncertainty to be accounted for in that decision? In this brilliant reassessment of how companies gain and sustain competitive advantage, Pankaj Ghemawat consolidates contemporary research in economics and other disciplines into a comprehensive yet practical framework for comparing commitments to strategically distinct options. This framework will help managers address specific strategic choices such as entry, exit, vertical/horizontal integration, capacity expansion, and innovation, as well as choices of generic strategy. Step by systematic step, Ghemawat provides managers with the tools and techniques they need to improve the quality of the choices that they make. Specifically, Ghemawat discusses: * how to identify the choices that are truly strategic -- that involve commitment -- before rather than after the fact * how to analyze the short-run and long-run competitive positions implied by a particular strategic option * how to assess the sustainability of superior competitive positions over time * how to account for the flexibility afforded by a particular option in dealing with future uncertainties * how to deal with both honest mistakes and deliberate distortions in the process of choice This pathbreaking book will help managers invest in the future. Its logic applies to choices involving disinvestment as well as those involving investment -- and to choices that embody elements of both. Its logic can be used for diagnostic purposes, such as the valuation of business, and most broadly, it win force managers to think about important issues that they may have tended to ignore. Ghemawat's discussion of these important ideas is concise, studded with detailed examples, based on rigorous research and, above all, practical. It will become required reading for thoughtful practitioners as well as practitionersto-be in the 1990s.
Author: Goksoy, Asl?
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 146669534X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 481
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Book Description
Scholars agree that change has become a staple in organizational life and will likely remain as such beyond the 21st century. As the rate of change continues to accelerate, organizations must strive to develop and implement new initiatives in order to obtain significant benefits to organizational survival, economic viability, and human satisfaction. Organizational Change Management Strategies in Modern Business covers the most important elements of change management as well as the difficulties and challenges that organizations have faced when implementing change. In sampling different disciplines relevant to topics such as resistance to change, mergers and acquisitions management, leadership, the role of human resource strategies, and culture, this reference work is a useful resource for academics, professionals, managers, administrators, and others interested in organizational change.
Author: Eric H. Kessler
Publisher: SAGE Publications
ISBN: 1506324851
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 1053
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Book Description
In discussing a management topic, scholars, educators, practitioners, and the media often toss out the name of a theorist (Taylor, Simon, Weber) or make a sideways reference to a particular theory (bureaucracy, total quality management, groupthink) and move on, as if assuming their audience possesses the necessary background to appreciate and integrate the reference. This is often far from the case. Individuals are frequently forced to seek out a hodgepodge of sources varying in quality and presentation to provide an overview of a particular idea. This work is designed to serve as a core reference for anyone interested in the essentials of contemporary management theory. Drawing together a team of international scholars, it examines the global landscape of the key theories and the theorists behind them, presenting them in the context needed to understand their strengths and weaknesses to thoughtfully apply them. In addition to interpretations of long-established theories, it also offers essays on cutting-edge research as one might find in a handbook. And, like an unabridged dictionary, it provides concise, to-the-point definitions of key concepts, ideas, schools, and figures. Features and Benefits: Two volumes containing over 280 signed entries provide users with the most authoritative and thorough reference resources available on management theory, both in terms of breadth and depth of coverage. Standardized presentation format, organized into categories based on validity and importance, structures entries so that readers can assess the fundamentals, evolution, and impact of theories. To ease navigation between and among related entries, a Reader’s Guide groups entries thematically and each entry is followed by Cross-References. In the electronic version, the Reader’s Guide combines with the Cross-References and a detailed Index to provide robust search-and-browse capabilities. An appendix with a Chronology of Management Theory allows readers to easily chart directions and trends in thought and theory from early times to the present. An appendix with Central Management Insights allows readers to easily understand, compare, and apply major theoretical messages of the field. Suggestions for Further Reading at the end of each entry guide readers to sources for more detailed research and discussion. Key themes include: Nature of Management Managing People, Personality, and Perception Managing Motivation Managing Interactions Managing Groups Managing Organizations Managing Environments Strategic Management Human Resources Management International Management and Diversity Managerial Decision Making, Ethics, and Creativity Management Education, Research, and Consulting Management of Operations, Quality, and Information Systems Management of Entrepreneurship Management of Learning and Change Management of Technology and Innovation Management and Leadership Management and Social / Environmental Issues PLUS: Appendix of Chronology of Management Theory PLUS: Appendix of Central Management Insights
Author: George Westerman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic commerce
Languages : en
Pages : 474
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Book Description
Author: Daniel A. Levinthal
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0192634100
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 152
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Book Description
How do firms adapt? There are two basic starting points from which to answer that question. One is premised on ideas of rational choice and intentionality, while the other is a process of evolutionary dynamics. Both are well-defined and operate as powerful intellectual attractors. Using the ideas of Gregor Mendel as a useful touchstone, this book aims to construct a middle-ground between these two conceptions. The image of the "Mendelian" executive shows how we might effectively balance the ideas of godlike rational design on the one hand and evolutionary dynamics on the other. The perspective developed in this book is anchored on the two key primitives of path-dependence and artificial selection. The intentionality of the Mendelian executive allows for the conscious exploration of opportunities, rather than the happenstance of random variants, yet the constraining forces of path-dependence may lead these moves to adjacent spaces. This perspective also highlights the role of intentionality with respect to the selection and culling of strategic initiatives. The organization operates an “artificial selection” environment, as firms receive profits and losses and, in turn, mediate how these environmental outcomes are projected onto underlying elements and actors within the organization. In this spirit, exploration can be considered not merely as the distance in the underlying behavior from current action, but also as changes in the dimensions of merit by which initiatives are judged. The Mendelian executive is a catalyst and cultivator of promising pathways to unknown futures.
Author: Roos, Göran
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1466658290
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 590
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Book Description
Competing in both high and low-cost operating environments can present a number of unique challenges. In light of global competition and the changing scope of various industries due to technological advancement, these challenges must be addressed in order to ensure business success. Global Perspectives on Achieving Success in High and Low Cost Operating Environments features a collection of research and case studies addressing contemporary issues surrounding operational success in various regions. Business professionals, managers, academics, and upper-level students will find this publication an essential resource for the latest tools and solutions for managing operations in diverse operating environments.
