On the Origin and Nature of Cognition PDF Download
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Author: Pradeep J. N. Chhaya
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031511050
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 335
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Book Description
Author: Pradeep J. N. Chhaya
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031511050
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 335
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Book Description
Author: Michael TOMASELLO
Publisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 0674660323
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 256
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Book Description
Bridging the gap between evolutionary theory and cultural psychology, Michael Tomasello argues that the roots of the human capacity for symbol-based culture are based in a cluster of uniquely human cognitive capacities. These include capacities for understanding that others have intentions of their own, and for imitating, not just what someone else does, but what someone else has intended to do. Tomasello further describes with authority and ingenuity how these capacities work over evolutionary and historical time to create the kind of cultural artifacts and settings within which each new generation of children develops.
Author: Frans de Waal
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
ISBN: 0393246191
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 340
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Book Description
A New York Times bestseller: "A passionate and convincing case for the sophistication of nonhuman minds." —Alison Gopnik, The Atlantic Hailed as a classic, Are We Smart Enough to Know How Smart Animals Are? explores the oddities and complexities of animal cognition—in crows, dolphins, parrots, sheep, wasps, bats, chimpanzees, and bonobos—to reveal how smart animals really are, and how we’ve underestimated their abilities for too long. Did you know that octopuses use coconut shells as tools, that elephants classify humans by gender and language, and that there is a young male chimpanzee at Kyoto University whose flash memory puts that of humans to shame? Fascinating, entertaining, and deeply informed, de Waal’s landmark work will convince you to rethink everything you thought you knew about animal—and human—intelligence.
Author: Glauco Sanga
Publisher: Berghahn Books
ISBN: 9781571818232
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 436
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Book Description
Numerous scholars, in particular anthropologists, historians, economists, linguists, and biologists, have, over the last few years, studied forms of knowledge and use of nature, and of the ways nature can be protected and conserved. Some of the most prominent scholars have come together in this volume to reflect on what has been achieved so far, to compare the work carried out in the past, to discuss the problems that have emerged from different research projects, and to map out the way forward.
Author: David C. Geary
Publisher: Amer Psychological Assn
ISBN: 9781591471813
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 459
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Book Description
"Geary also explores a number of issues that are of interest in modern society, including how general intelligence relates to academic achievement, occupational status, and income."--BOOK JACKET.
Author: Chuck Baxter
Publisher: Xlibris Corporation
ISBN: 1664125337
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 217
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Book Description
A Natural History of Cognition: Mind Over Matter offers a general theory of adaptive behavior and explores how consciousness evolved to create adaptive behavior in bacteria through to humans. To continue living, life must select and adapt its behavior to secure energy and materials, which itself requires observation and the selection of evidence in order to build interactive behavioral models. The book argues that information was emergent with life and that the role of consciousness is to use that information to solve problems and correct errors in behavior. The principles of such adaptive behavior are generally applicable throughout all living things but the nervous system of animals has exploited behavior to the greatest degree by far. Using this conceptualization of behavior, humans have been extraordinarily successful in acquiring resources and are now facing problems produced by this success. We have the tools to solve our problems but only if we employ the scientific method, informed communication and justice. The general theory of adaptive behavior presented here is based on Bayesian optimized inferential learning in generative models that are also used in machine intelligence. Evolution has produced consciousness that organizes matter to create choices and control its destiny. Life’s success is based on error correction.
Author: Robert J. Sternberg
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262692120
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 760
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Book Description
This book is the first to introduce the study of cognition in terms of the major conceptual themes that underlie virtually all the substantive topics.
Author: Jean-Pierre Dupuy
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262512394
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 239
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Book Description
An examination of the fundamental role cybernetics played in the birth of cognitive science and the light this sheds on current controversies. The conceptual history of cognitive science remains for the most part unwritten. In this groundbreaking book, Jean-Pierre Dupuy—one of the principal architects of cognitive science in France—provides an important chapter: the legacy of cybernetics. Contrary to popular belief, Dupuy argues, cybernetics represented not the anthropomorphization of the machine but the mechanization of the human. The founding fathers of cybernetics—some of the greatest minds of the twentieth century, including John von Neumann, Norbert Wiener, Warren McCulloch, and Walter Pitts—intended to construct a materialist and mechanistic science of mental behavior that would make it possible at last to resolve the ancient philosophical problem of mind and matter. The importance of cybernetics to cognitive science, Dupuy argues, lies not in its daring conception of the human mind in terms of the functioning of a machine but in the way the strengths and weaknesses of the cybernetics approach can illuminate controversies that rage today—between cognitivists and connectionists, eliminative materialists and Wittgensteinians, functionalists and anti-reductionists. Dupuy brings to life the intellectual excitement that attended the birth of cognitive science sixty years ago. He separates the promise of cybernetic ideas from the disappointment that followed as cybernetics was rejected and consigned to intellectual oblivion. The mechanization of the mind has reemerged today as an all-encompassing paradigm in the convergence of nanotechnology, biotechnology, information technology, and cognitive science. The tensions, contradictions, paradoxes, and confusions Dupuy discerns in cybernetics offer a cautionary tale for future developments in cognitive science.
Author: Brian Boyd
Publisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 0674252632
Category : Literary Criticism
Languages : en
Pages : 555
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Book Description
A century and a half after the publication of Origin of Species, evolutionary thinking has expanded beyond the field of biology to include virtually all human-related subjects—anthropology, archeology, psychology, economics, religion, morality, politics, culture, and art. Now a distinguished scholar offers the first comprehensive account of the evolutionary origins of art and storytelling. Brian Boyd explains why we tell stories, how our minds are shaped to understand them, and what difference an evolutionary understanding of human nature makes to stories we love. Art is a specifically human adaptation, Boyd argues. It offers tangible advantages for human survival, and it derives from play, itself an adaptation widespread among more intelligent animals. More particularly, our fondness for storytelling has sharpened social cognition, encouraged cooperation, and fostered creativity. After considering art as adaptation, Boyd examines Homer’s Odyssey and Dr. Seuss’s Horton Hears a Who! demonstrating how an evolutionary lens can offer new understanding and appreciation of specific works. What triggers our emotional engagement with these works? What patterns facilitate our responses? The need to hold an audience’s attention, Boyd underscores, is the fundamental problem facing all storytellers. Enduring artists arrive at solutions that appeal to cognitive universals: an insight out of step with contemporary criticism, which obscures both the individual and universal. Published for the bicentenary of Darwin’s birth and the 150th anniversary of the publication of Origin of Species, Boyd’s study embraces a Darwinian view of human nature and art, and offers a credo for a new humanism.
Author: Susan Carey
Publisher: Oxford Series in Cognitive Dev
ISBN: 0199838801
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 609
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Book Description
Carey begins by characterizing the innate starting point for conceptual development, namely systems of core cognition. Representations of core cognition are the output of dedicated input analyzers, as with perceptual representations, but these core representations differ from perceptual representations in having more abstract contents and richer functional roles. Carey argues that the key to understanding cognitive development lies in recognizing conceptual discontinuities in which new representational systems emerge that have more expressive power than core cognition and are also incommensurate with core cognition and other earlier representational systems. Finally, Carey fleshes out Quinian bootstrapping, a learning mechanism that has been repeatedly sketched in the literature on the history and philosophy of science. She demonstrates that Quinian bootstrapping is a major mechanism in the construction of new representational resources over the course of children's cognitive development.
