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Author: Nicholas Asher
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401117152
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 468
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Book Description
Reference to Abstract Objects in Discourse presents a novel framework and analysis of the ways we refer to abstract objects in natural language discourse. The book begins with a typology of abstract objects and related entities like eventualities. After an introduction to `bottom up, compositional' discourse representation theory (DRT) and to previous work on abstract objects in DRT (notably work on the semantics of the attitudes), the book turns to a semantic analysis of eventuality and abstract object denoting nominals in English. The book then substantially revises and extends the dynamic semantic framework of DRT to develop an analysis of anaphoric reference to abstract objects and eventualities that exploits discourse structure and the discourse relations that obtain between elements of the structure. A dynamic, semantically based theory of discourse structure (SDRT) is proposed, along with many illustrative examples. Two further chapters then provide the analysis of anaphoric reference to propositions VP ellipsis. The abstract entity anaphoric antecedents are elements of the discourse structures that SDRT develops. The final chapter discusses some logical and philosophical difficulties for a semantic analysis of reference to abstract objects. For semanticists, philosophers of language, computer scientists interested in natural language applications and discourse, philosophical logicians, graduate students in linguistics, philosophy, cognitive science and artificial intelligence.
Author: Nicholas Asher
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401117152
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 468
Get Book Here
Book Description
Reference to Abstract Objects in Discourse presents a novel framework and analysis of the ways we refer to abstract objects in natural language discourse. The book begins with a typology of abstract objects and related entities like eventualities. After an introduction to `bottom up, compositional' discourse representation theory (DRT) and to previous work on abstract objects in DRT (notably work on the semantics of the attitudes), the book turns to a semantic analysis of eventuality and abstract object denoting nominals in English. The book then substantially revises and extends the dynamic semantic framework of DRT to develop an analysis of anaphoric reference to abstract objects and eventualities that exploits discourse structure and the discourse relations that obtain between elements of the structure. A dynamic, semantically based theory of discourse structure (SDRT) is proposed, along with many illustrative examples. Two further chapters then provide the analysis of anaphoric reference to propositions VP ellipsis. The abstract entity anaphoric antecedents are elements of the discourse structures that SDRT develops. The final chapter discusses some logical and philosophical difficulties for a semantic analysis of reference to abstract objects. For semanticists, philosophers of language, computer scientists interested in natural language applications and discourse, philosophical logicians, graduate students in linguistics, philosophy, cognitive science and artificial intelligence.
Author: Adam Ockelford
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781858785295
Category : Children with disabilities
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Book Description
Author: Willard Van Orman Quine
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262261050
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 324
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Book Description
Language consists of dispositions, socially instilled, to respond observably to socially observable stimuli. Such is the point of view from which a noted philosopher and logician examines the notion of meaning and the linguistic mechanisms of objective reference. In the course of the discussion, Professor Quine pinpoints the difficulties involved in translation, brings to light the anomalies and conflicts implicit in our language's referential apparatus, clarifies semantic problems connected with the imputation of existence, and marshals reasons for admitting or repudiating each of various categories of supposed objects. He argues that the notion of a language-transcendent "sentence-meaning" must on the whole be rejected; meaningful studies in the semantics of reference can only be directed toward substantially the same language in which they are conducted.
Author: Samuel Guttenplan
Publisher: Clarendon Press
ISBN: 019153580X
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 316
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Book Description
Objects of Metaphor contains a philosophical account of the phenomenon of metaphor radically different from those currently on offer. Yet for all that it is different, the underlying rationale of the account is genuinely ecumenical. If one adopts its perspective, one should be able to see how substantially correct many other accounts are, whilst at the same time seeing why they are not in the end completely correct. The book opens with a transparent classification of types of account, and concludes with detailed discussions of three important recent contributions to the subject. The origins of the account lie in our conception of predication. Unreflectively thought of as a task accomplished by words, it is argued that predication, or something very much like it, can also be accomplished by objects. So understood, predication becomes the genuinely equal partner of reference - a function no one doubts can be as easily accomplished by objects as by words - and, liberated in this way, predication becomes one central element in the account of metaphor. The other element is the move from language to objects which, adapting an idea of Quine's, is thought of as semantic descent. Whilst Samuel Guttenplan's account allows us to see other accounts in a new light, its main importance lies in what it tells us about metaphor itself. Powerful and flexible enough to cope with the syntactic complexity typical of genuine metaphor, it offers novel conceptions of both the relationship between simile and metaphor and the notion of dead metaphor. Additionally, it allows us to see why metaphor is a robust theoretic kind, related to certain other tropes, but not to be confused with tropes generally, or with the figurative and non-literal. Metaphor has often been thought merely an ornament to language. Whilst acknowledging the truth in this thought, Guttenplan shows the fundamental importance of metaphor to language. Rather than being a specialist topic in philosophy and related disciplines, he thus suggests that the study of metaphor is central to the study of language.
Author: William Matthew Flinders Petrie
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Egypt
Languages : en
Pages : 216
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Book Description
Author: Sue Briggs
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1136609377
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 162
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Book Description
There are greater numbers of children with SEN now attending mainstream schools - some of them with quite significant difficulties such as Down's Syndrome and autism. This book explains the challenges these children face and how teachers and support staff can ease their way. Differentiation is covered in detail, with practical guidance on how to make the curriculum accessible to the "hard to teach" children.
Author: Judy Davis
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1136613617
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 125
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Book Description
Written by a teacher with many years of experience with pupils with PMLD, this book offers a well-tried approach to delivering the curriculum, with particular emphasis on the core subjects. It aims to complement and supplement existing material and provides a useful resource for busy teachers.
Author: Caroline Allen
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134132743
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 161
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Book Description
This book offers carers, practitioners and managers a tried and tested structure for enabling adults with a range of complex needs to develop their individual skills and experience. It also provides a flexible framework which is suitable for specialist colleges and training centers for people with learning difficulties.
Author: John M. McInnes
Publisher: University of Toronto Press
ISBN: 9780802042422
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 598
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Book Description
Leading experts address such problems as identification of deafblindness, planning and intervention, development, family support, and education for parents and professionals who work with people who have been deafblind from birth or a very early age.
Author: Martin Goodwin
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351700014
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 228
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Book Description
How can I communicate even more effectively with people who have learning disabilities? Communicate with Me is an invaluable toolkit for carers, professionals, schools and services striving to improve the quality of their communication with those they support. Key features include: a comprehensive range of techniques and guidance for carers and professionals around how to communicate with and involve children and adults with learning disabilities; a wealth of practical examples and case studies to illustrate and contextualise the suggested approaches; a detailed quality assurance framework to help schools and services develop CPD, establish excellence across their organisations in the way that they communicate with people with learning difficulties and improve outcomes for those they support. Communicate with Me is a resource for anyone involved in supporting children or adults with a learning disability including residential or community support workers, play workers, advocates and teachers who work directly with people, as well as line managers and service managers who can facilitate change within service structures and promote good practice in their teams. Martin Goodwin is an experienced practitioner who has more than 18 years experience in working with children and young people in a range of capacities including management and direct delivery. Martin is a qualified teacher/ trainer in post compulsory education and children's rights advocate with a BA Hons in Professional Studies: Learning Difficulties, PG Cert in Social Studies and MA in Youth and Community studies. Jennie Miller specialises in working with adults with a learning disability in the residential setting where she has over ten years' experience, holding a management role since 2004. Jennie has a BA (hons) in Professional Studies: Learning Difficulties. Cath Edwards has over thirty years' experience of working with children and young people with learning disabilities including autism and severe and profound multiple learning disability. Cath has a BEd in education, a degree-level qualification in special educational needs, and is a Master Practitioner of Neuro-Linguistic Programming. Cath is also a qualified yoga teacher and a professional storyteller. Review: The publication of this resource is timely. Services are shrinking and specialist support is contracting. People with learning disabilities need informed, committed and skillful partners in their struggle to take their rightful place in society - and this accessible, interactive and comprehensive guide will prove an invaluable support to everyone who has the privilege and the challenge of sharing their lives and work with people who have difficulties in communication. Dr Nicola Grove, Consultant in Communication and Narrative, Honorary Senior Lecturer, Tizard Centre, Founder, Openstorytellers.
