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Author: Louis Boiron
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 88
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Book Description
La présente analyse coût-utilité a pour objectif d'estimer l'impact de santé publique et le ratio coût-efficacité incrémental d'un programme de vaccination universelle avec un vaccin nonavalent contre les papillomavirus humains comparé à l'actuel programme de vaccination avec un vaccin quadrivalent en Autriche. Un modèle de transmission dynamique analysant les effets de santé et les conséquences économiques des maladies liées à l'utérus, à l'anus, à la vulve, au vagin et aux verrues génitales, a été calibré au contexte autrichien. L'impact clinique du aux cinq nouveaux types a été pris en compte pour les maladies du col de l'utérus et de l'anus uniquement. Les analyses ont montré que le vaccin nonavalent pourrait avoir un fort impact sur le fardeau des maladies liées aux papillomavirus humains. Au bout de 100 ans, la stratégie avec le nouveau vaccin permettrait une réduction additionnelle de 18% de l'incidence du cancer du col de l'utérus, par rapport à la stratégie avec l'actuel vaccin. Ce bénéfice incrémental correspond à 2.544 cas de cancers du col de l'utérus et 1.124 décès évités, en plus de ceux déjà évités grâce au vaccin quadrivalent. Une réduction additionnelle des lésions précancéreuses du col de l'utérus de 22% est également estimée, soit 23.174 cas évités, au bout de 100 ans. L'analyse coût-utilité a également montré qu'avec un seuil d'efficience fixé à 30.000 € par année de vie gagnée pondérée par la qualité de vie, la nouvelle stratégie de vaccination était coût-efficace si la différence entre le prix du vaccin nonavalent et celui du quadrivalent n'excède pas 43 € et dominante jusqu'à un prix additionnel de 3 €. Cette analyse pourra être reconduite à travers de nouvelles méthodologies en économie de la santé, toujours à l'étude, comme les analyses de décision multicritères.
Author: Louis Boiron
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 88
Get Book Here
Book Description
La présente analyse coût-utilité a pour objectif d'estimer l'impact de santé publique et le ratio coût-efficacité incrémental d'un programme de vaccination universelle avec un vaccin nonavalent contre les papillomavirus humains comparé à l'actuel programme de vaccination avec un vaccin quadrivalent en Autriche. Un modèle de transmission dynamique analysant les effets de santé et les conséquences économiques des maladies liées à l'utérus, à l'anus, à la vulve, au vagin et aux verrues génitales, a été calibré au contexte autrichien. L'impact clinique du aux cinq nouveaux types a été pris en compte pour les maladies du col de l'utérus et de l'anus uniquement. Les analyses ont montré que le vaccin nonavalent pourrait avoir un fort impact sur le fardeau des maladies liées aux papillomavirus humains. Au bout de 100 ans, la stratégie avec le nouveau vaccin permettrait une réduction additionnelle de 18% de l'incidence du cancer du col de l'utérus, par rapport à la stratégie avec l'actuel vaccin. Ce bénéfice incrémental correspond à 2.544 cas de cancers du col de l'utérus et 1.124 décès évités, en plus de ceux déjà évités grâce au vaccin quadrivalent. Une réduction additionnelle des lésions précancéreuses du col de l'utérus de 22% est également estimée, soit 23.174 cas évités, au bout de 100 ans. L'analyse coût-utilité a également montré qu'avec un seuil d'efficience fixé à 30.000 € par année de vie gagnée pondérée par la qualité de vie, la nouvelle stratégie de vaccination était coût-efficace si la différence entre le prix du vaccin nonavalent et celui du quadrivalent n'excède pas 43 € et dominante jusqu'à un prix additionnel de 3 €. Cette analyse pourra être reconduite à travers de nouvelles méthodologies en économie de la santé, toujours à l'étude, comme les analyses de décision multicritères.
Author: Ahmedin Jemal
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781604432282
Category : Cancer
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This atlas illustrates the latest available data on the cancer epidemic, showing causes, stages of development, and prevalence rates of different types of cancers by gender, income group, and region. It also examines the cost of the disease, both in terms of health care and commercial interests, and the steps being taken to curb the epidemic, from research and screening to cancer management programs and health education.
Author: Linda Diann Urden
Publisher: Saunders
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1242
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Book Description
Focusing on critical care nursing, this full-color text provides an examination of the important aspects of critical care nursing. It is organized in ten units around alterations in body systems.
Author: Nicole Bäuerle
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642183247
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 393
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Book Description
The theory of Markov decision processes focuses on controlled Markov chains in discrete time. The authors establish the theory for general state and action spaces and at the same time show its application by means of numerous examples, mostly taken from the fields of finance and operations research. By using a structural approach many technicalities (concerning measure theory) are avoided. They cover problems with finite and infinite horizons, as well as partially observable Markov decision processes, piecewise deterministic Markov decision processes and stopping problems. The book presents Markov decision processes in action and includes various state-of-the-art applications with a particular view towards finance. It is useful for upper-level undergraduates, Master's students and researchers in both applied probability and finance, and provides exercises (without solutions).
Author: Hamid R Arabnia
Publisher: Morgan Kaufmann
ISBN: 0128026464
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 670
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Book Description
Emerging Trends in Computational Biology, Bioinformatics, and Systems Biology discusses the latest developments in all aspects of computational biology, bioinformatics, and systems biology and the application of data-analytics and algorithms, mathematical modeling, and simu- lation techniques. • Discusses the development and application of data-analytical and theoretical methods, mathematical modeling, and computational simulation techniques to the study of biological and behavioral systems, including applications in cancer research, computational intelligence and drug design, high-performance computing, and biology, as well as cloud and grid computing for the storage and access of big data sets. • Presents a systematic approach for storing, retrieving, organizing, and analyzing biological data using software tools with applications to general principles of DNA/RNA structure, bioinformatics and applications, genomes, protein structure, and modeling and classification, as well as microarray analysis. • Provides a systems biology perspective, including general guidelines and techniques for obtaining, integrating, and analyzing complex data sets from multiple experimental sources using computational tools and software. Topics covered include phenomics, genomics, epigenomics/epigenetics, metabolomics, cell cycle and checkpoint control, and systems biology and vaccination research. • Explains how to effectively harness the power of Big Data tools when data sets are so large and complex that it is difficult to process them using conventional database management systems or traditional data processing applications. - Discusses the development and application of data-analytical and theoretical methods, mathematical modeling and computational simulation techniques to the study of biological and behavioral systems. - Presents a systematic approach for storing, retrieving, organizing and analyzing biological data using software tools with applications. - Provides a systems biology perspective including general guidelines and techniques for obtaining, integrating and analyzing complex data sets from multiple experimental sources using computational tools and software.
Author: Onesimo Hernandez-Lerma
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1441987142
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 160
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Book Description
This book is concerned with a class of discrete-time stochastic control processes known as controlled Markov processes (CMP's), also known as Markov decision processes or Markov dynamic programs. Starting in the mid-1950swith Richard Bellman, many contributions to CMP's have been made, and applications to engineering, statistics and operations research, among other areas, have also been developed. The purpose of this book is to present some recent developments on the theory of adaptive CMP's, i. e. , CMP's that depend on unknown parameters. Thus at each decision time, the controller or decision-maker must estimate the true parameter values, and then adapt the control actions to the estimated values. We do not intend to describe all aspects of stochastic adaptive control; rather, the selection of material reflects our own research interests. The prerequisite for this book is a knowledgeof real analysis and prob ability theory at the level of, say, Ash (1972) or Royden (1968), but no previous knowledge of control or decision processes is required. The pre sentation, on the other hand, is meant to beself-contained,in the sensethat whenever a result from analysisor probability is used, it is usually stated in full and references are supplied for further discussion, if necessary. Several appendices are provided for this purpose. The material is divided into six chapters. Chapter 1 contains the basic definitions about the stochastic control problems we are interested in; a brief description of some applications is also provided.
Author: Eric H. Bernicker
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030058557
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 186
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Book Description
While a number of books have looked at the intersection between human health in general and other topics, such as climate change or diet, this book focuses specifically on cancer as it impacts and is impacted by social justice issues. The massive explosion of research knowledge of cancer immunology and genomics is holding out great promise of therapeutic advances, yet other human actions—climate change, pollution, business decisions, advertising – are fostering health inequalities as well as increasing risks. Those involved in cancer care and research are in a unique position to let their experiences and knowledge inform the public, yet very often have not taken strong public roles when it comes to discussing issues surrounding tobacco, climate change and health risks, financial toxicity of treatments, and diet choices. Written by a multidisciplinary team of authors and for medical oncologists, cancer researchers, occupational health workers, and related medical students, residents, and fellows, this book encourages oncologists to address public health care and the societal issues associated with cancer risk. This volume discusses the overarching theme of environmental justice and oncology, focuses on business and cancer (such as clinical trials, drug development and profits, and global disparities), as well as animals and cancer.
Author: International Agency for Research on Cancer
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789283201540
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 504
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Book Description
This volume of the IARC Monographs presents evaluations of the carcinogenic hazard to humans of drinking coffee and very hot beverages including, but not limited to, mate. An IARC Monographs Working Group reviewed epidemiological evidence, animal bioassays and co-carcinogenicity studies, and mechanistic and other relevant data to reach conclusions as to the carcinogenic hazard to humans of drinking coffee, mate, and very hot beverages. The Working Group assessed more than 1000 observational and experimental studies that investigated the association between cancer at more than 20 sites with drinking coffee, mate, and very hot beverages.
Author: Elizabeth K. Weisburger
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400925263
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 210
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Book Description
but also the possibility of intervention in specific stages. In Human behavior, including stress and other factors, plays an important role in neoplasia, although too little is known addition, variables which affect cancer development as well on the reasons for such development. Carcinogens, which as some endogenous factors can be better delineated help initiate the neoplastic process, may be either synthetic through such investigations. The topics of this volume encompass premalignant non or naturally-occurring. Cancer causation may be ascribed to invasive lesions, species-specific aspects of carcinogenicity, certain chemicals, physical agents, radioactive materials, viruses, parasites, the genetic make-up of the organism, and radiation, viruses, a quantum theory of carinogenesis, onco bacteria. Humans, eumetazoan animals and vascular plants genes, and selected environmental carcinogens. are susceptible to the first six groups of cancer causes, whe reas the last group, bacteria, seems to affect only vascular plants. Neoplastic development may begin with impairment ofJmdy defenses by a toxic material (carcinogen) which acts as an initiator, followed by promotion and progression to an overt neoplastic state. Investigation of these processes Series Editor Volume Editor allows not only a better insight into the mechanism of action Hans E. Kaiser Elizabeth K. Weisburger vii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Inspiration and encouragement for this wide ranging project on cancer distribution and dissemination from a comparative biological and clinical point of view, was given by my late friend E. H. Krokowski.
Author: Centre international de recherche sur le cancer
Publisher: International Agency for Research on Cancer
ISBN: 9789283224402
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The WHO Classification of Skin Tumours is the 11th volume in the 4th edition of the WHO series on the classification of human tumours. The series (also known as the Blue Books) has long been regarded by pathologists as the gold standard for the diagnosis of tumours, and it is an indispensable guide for the design of evaluations, clinical trials, and studies involving cancer. These authoritative and concise reference books provide an international standard for anyone involved in cancer research or the care of cancer patients. Diagnostic criteria, pathological features, and genetic and other associated molecular alterations are described in a disease-oriented manner. This volume updates the existing ICD-O codes and provides new codes for use in epidemiology and cancer registration. It also provides information on clinical features, pathology, genetics, prognosis, and protective factors for each of the tumour types covered. The editors expect that this volume will be of particular interest to pathologists, oncologists, and dermatologists who manage or research skin tumours. Sections are included on all recognized neoplasms (and their variants) of the skin and its adnexae. Since the previous edition, there have been particularly substantial changes to the classification of melanoma, based on the latest information from genetic and molecular studies.
