Non-planar Driver's Side Rearview Mirrors: a Survey of Mirror Types and European Driver Experience and a Driver Behavior Study on the Influence of Experience and Driver Age on Gap Acceptance and Vehicle Detection PDF Download
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Author: Alexander P. de Vos
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 118
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Author: Alexander P. de Vos
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 118
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Author: Anestis Terzis
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319296116
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 539
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This handbook offers a comprehensive overview of Camera Monitor Systems (CMS), ranging from the ISO 16505-based development aspects to practical realization concepts. It offers readers a wide-ranging discussion of the science and technology of CMS as well as the human-interface factors of such systems. In addition, it serves as a single reference source with contributions from leading international CMS professionals and academic researchers.In combination with the latest version of UN Regulation No. 46, the normative framework of ISO 16505 permits CMS to replace mandatory rearview mirrors in series production vehicles. The handbook includes scientific and technical background information to further readers’ understanding of both of these regulatory and normative texts.It is a key reference in the field of automotive CMS for system designers, members of standardization and regulation committees, engineers, students and researchers.
Author: Alexander P. de Vos
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 13
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Author: Michael J. Flannagan, Michael Sivak, Eric C. Taube
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 19
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Author: Lars Weber
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Models to simulate individual driver behavior offer the possibility to investigate human-machine interaction in early stages of driver assistance system development. Many driver behavior models were published with regard to the simulation of longitudinal and lateral vehicle control, but the number of detailed models which simulate gap acceptance behavior preceeding a lane change (overtaking) maneuver is comparably small. In this thesis, the influence of different rear view mirror types on driver's gap acceptance behavior during a simulated lane change scenario on a two-lane German Autobahn was investigated and a driver behavior model was built to simulate this behavior. Individual behavior differences were also considered. As a first step, a simulation of different rear view mirror types (Planar, Convex C20 / C14) was implemented in a research driving simulator. Afterwards, two driving simulator studies were conducted: 1) To validate the implementation of the three mirror types, the results of a distance estimation study were compared against already published field studies with real mirror. 2) Results of a lane change study were then used for the development of a driver behavior model to simulate gap acceptance behavior: to estimate gap size and closing speed of approaching vehicles from behind, the model relies on visual angles and their rate of change which are well known concepts in psychology of visual perception. engl.
Author: Michael J. Flannagan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Automobile drivers
Languages : en
Pages : 44
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Michael J. Flannagan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 20
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Convex rearview mirrors are currently prohibited in the U.S. as original equipment on passenger cars except for the exterior, passenger-side position. One of the primary reasons for this restriction is a concern that convex mirrors may cause drivers to overestimate the distances to following vehicles and therefore make unsafe maneuvers. There is a considerable amount of empirical evidence that convex mirrors do cause overestimation, but the effect is not theoretically well understood. No currently available model successfully predicts the magnitude of the distance overestimation. However, plausible theoretical considerations can be used to generate a previously untested prediction that, even if only qualitatively accurate, would be of practical significance: Eye-to-mirror distance should have a substantial effect on the magnitude of overestimation caused by convex mirrors. Specifically, longer eye-to-mirror distances (as are typical for passenger-side mirrors) should lead to more overestimation than shorter distances (as are typical for driver-side mirrors). This prediction was tested in a field experiment in which flat and convex mirrors were used on a car in both the driver-side and passenger-side exterior rearview mirror positions. Longer eye-to-mirror distance did lead to greater overestimation, although—as in previous studies—in both mirror positions the degree of overestimation was less than predicted by quantitative modeling. These results suggest that, to the extent that overestimation of distances to following vehicles is a concern for the use of convex rearview mirrors, that concern is lessstrong for the driver-side exterior position (which is relatively near to the driver’s eyes) than for passenger-side exterior position (which is relatively far from the driver’s eyes).
Author: Juha Luoma
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Automobile driving
Languages : en
Pages : 20
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This quasi-experiment investigated the effects on lane change crashes of nonplanar (spherical convex and multiradius) driver-side mirrors compared to planar mirrors. The analysis was based on 1,062 crashes reported from 1987 to 1998 to Finnish insurance companies, for vehicles with passenger-side spherical convex mirrors and one of three types of driver-side mirror (planar, spherical convex, or multiradius). The results showed that the mean effect of nonplanar mirrors compared to planar mirrors was a statistically significant decrease of 22.9% in lane change crashes to the driver side. The effects of spherical convex and multiradius mirrors were not statistically different from each other. The nonplanar mirrors were beneficial especially for the high risk driver groups, as well as for the lane change situations and environmental conditions in which most lane change crashes take place in the U.S. The present findings support the use of nonplanar driver-side mirrors. If drivers have problems with judgements of the speed and distance of approaching vehicles using nonplanar mirrors, the magnitude of this concern seems to be minimal compared toapparent benefits with regard to other mechanisms of lane change crashes.
Author: JUHA LUOMA, MICHAEL SIVAK, MICHAEL J. FLANNAGAN
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 14
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