Non-Newtonian Gravitational Forces and the Greenland Ice-sheet Experiment PDF Download
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Languages : en
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The results of an experiment to test Newton's Inverse-Square Law of Gravitation in the Greenland ice-cap were announced recently. The anomalous gravity gradient which was found can be explained either by an unrecognized anomaly in the density of the rocks under the ice sheet, or by the existence of a non-Newtonian component of the gravitational force. Here we focus on the latter possibility, and find that the force would be attractive, with a strength between about 2.4% and 3.5% that of Newtonian gravity, and a range between about 225 m and 5.4 km. 11 refs.
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Languages : en
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Book Description
The results of an experiment to test Newton's Inverse-Square Law of Gravitation in the Greenland ice-cap were announced recently. The anomalous gravity gradient which was found can be explained either by an unrecognized anomaly in the density of the rocks under the ice sheet, or by the existence of a non-Newtonian component of the gravitational force. Here we focus on the latter possibility, and find that the force would be attractive, with a strength between about 2.4% and 3.5% that of Newtonian gravity, and a range between about 225 m and 5.4 km. 11 refs.
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Languages : en
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An Airy-type geophysical experiment was conducted down a 2 km deep hole in the Greenland ice cap in order to test for possible violations of Newton's inverse square law by making gravity measurements over a range of 213 m to 1460 m. A significant departure from Newtonian gravity was observed. This result can be explained by the existence of an attractive non-Newtonian component of gravity with a strength of about 3.4% that of Newtonian gravity at a scale of 1460 m. Unfortunately, we cannot completely, unambiguously attribute it to a breakdown of Newtonian gravity because we have shown that lateral density variations in the bedrock beneath the ice can cause such apparent departures. If such variations existed, they would have to be rather unusual but certainly no impossible. 8 refs.
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Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 804
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Book Description
Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Author: Orrin Fackler
Publisher: Atlantica Séguier Frontières
ISBN: 9782863320648
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 682
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Author:
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Category : Power resources
Languages : en
Pages : 620
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Author: Ephraim Fischbach
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461214386
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 313
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Book Description
A history of the attempts to test the predictions of Newtonian Gravity, describing in detail recent experimental efforts to verify both the inverse-square law and the Equivalence Principle. Interest in these questions has increased in recent years, as it has become recognised that deviations from Newtonian gravity could be a signal for a new fundamental force in nature. This is the first book devoted entirely to this subject, and will thus be useful to both graduate students and researchers interested in this field. It describes the ideas that underlie searches for such deviations, focusing on macroscopic tests. A comprehensive bibliography of some 450 entries supplements the text.
Author: European Council for Nuclear Research. Library
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nuclear physics
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Author: Allan Franklin
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319284126
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 256
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Book Description
This book provides the reader with a detailed and captivating account of the story where, for the first time, physicists ventured into proposing a new force of nature beyond the four known ones - the electromagnetic, weak and strong forces, and gravitation - based entirely on the reanalysis of existing experimental data. Back in 1986, Ephraim Fischbach, Sam Aronson, Carrick Talmadge and their collaborators proposed a modification of Newton’s Law of universal gravitation. Underlying this proposal were three tantalizing pieces of evidence: 1) an energy dependence of the CP (particle-antiparticle and reflection symmetry) parameters, 2) differences between the measurements of G, the universal gravitational constant, in laboratories and in mineshafts, and 3) a reanalysis of the Eötvos experiment, which had previously been used to show that the gravitational mass of an object and its inertia mass were equal to approximately one part in a billion. The reanalysis revealed that, contrary to Galileo’s position, the force of gravity was in fact very slightly different for different substances. The resulting Fifth Force hypothesis included this composition dependence and also added a small distance dependence to the inverse-square gravitational force. Over the next four years numerous experiments were performed to test the hypothesis. By 1990 there was overwhelming evidence that the Fifth Force, as initially proposed, did not exist. This book discusses how the Fifth Force hypothesis came to be proposed and how it went on to become a showcase of discovery, pursuit and justification in modern physics, prior to its demise. In this new and significantly expanded edition, the material from the first edition is complemented by two essays, one containing Fischbach’s personal reminiscences of the proposal, and a second on the ongoing history and impact of the Fifth Force hypothesis from 1990 to the present.
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Languages : en
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A geophysical experiment was conducted in a 2-km-deep hole in the Greenland ice cap at depths between 213 m and 1673 m to test for possible violations of Newton's inverse-square law. A detailed ice-sounding radar survey was carried out to 5 km from the hole and merged with regional airborne radar data to define the basement interface. Highly accurate gravity measurements were carried out to 15 km from the hole to detect lateral density changes in the bedrock. The measurements were controlled with very accurate satellite and conventional positioning techniques. The basement interface model was input into a Newtonian computation to correct the observed gravity for known earth structure resulting in an anomalous gravity gradient of +3.87 mGal. A 3 dimensional ideal body analysis of the surface and borehole gravity data provided a means of bounding all possible Newtonian solutions for lateral density variation below the ice. Solutions with regional gravity offsets greater than or equal to10 mGal and density contrasts less than or equal to0.30 g/cm3 are possible. We cannot unambiguously attribute the anomalous gradient to a breakdown of Newtonian gravity because there remains the possibility it is due to unexpected geological features in the rock below the ice. 11 refs., 6 figs., 1 tab.
Author: Advisory Committee on Technology and Society
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 9780309037860
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1298
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Book Description
Cities and Their Vital Systems asks basic questions about the longevity, utility, and nature of urban infrastructures; analyzes how they grow, interact, and change; and asks how, when, and at what cost they should be replaced. Among the topics discussed are problems arising from increasing air travel and airport congestion; the adequacy of water supplies and waste treatment; the impact of new technologies on construction; urban real estate values; and the field of "telematics," the combination of computers and telecommunications that makes money machines and national newspapers possible.
