New Snow-measuring Instruments PDF Download
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Author: M. Martinelli
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Snow
Languages : en
Pages : 4
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Book Description
Author: M. Martinelli
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Snow
Languages : en
Pages : 4
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Book Description
Author: M. Martinelli (Jr.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 4
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Book Description
The following instruments for measuring hydrological strength, and mechanical properties of snow are discussed briefly on the basis of published reports : Mt. Hood pressure pillow snow gage ; neutron and gamma-ray devices for measuring snow density, presence of ice lenses, and liquid water content of snow ; the determination of liquid water content of snow by freezing and by a plate capacitor ; aerial snow depth markers ; snow resistograph ; plastic replicas of snow and ice crystals ; glide show ; and photoelectric drift snow gage.
Author: Vijay P. Singh
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9048126428
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1301
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Book Description
The earth’s cryosphere, which includes snow, glaciers, ice caps, ice sheets, ice shelves, sea ice, river and lake ice, and permafrost, contains about 75% of the earth’s fresh water. It exists at almost all latitudes, from the tropics to the poles, and plays a vital role in controlling the global climate system. It also provides direct visible evidence of the effect of climate change, and, therefore, requires proper understanding of its complex dynamics. This encyclopedia mainly focuses on the various aspects of snow, ice and glaciers, but also covers other cryospheric branches, and provides up-to-date information and basic concepts on relevant topics. It includes alphabetically arranged and professionally written, comprehensive and authoritative academic articles by well-known international experts in individual fields. The encyclopedia contains a broad spectrum of topics, ranging from the atmospheric processes responsible for snow formation; transformation of snow to ice and changes in their properties; classification of ice and glaciers and their worldwide distribution; glaciation and ice ages; glacier dynamics; glacier surface and subsurface characteristics; geomorphic processes and landscape formation; hydrology and sedimentary systems; permafrost degradation; hazards caused by cryospheric changes; and trends of glacier retreat on the global scale along with the impact of climate change. This book can serve as a source of reference at the undergraduate and graduate level and help to better understand snow, ice and glaciers. It will also be an indispensable tool containing specialized literature for geologists, geographers, climatologists, hydrologists, and water resources engineers; as well as for those who are engaged in the practice of agricultural and civil engineering, earth sciences, environmental sciences and engineering, ecosystem management, and other relevant subjects.
Author: Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station (Fort Collins, Colo.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forests and forestry
Languages : en
Pages : 76
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Book Description
Author: Harold S. Boyne
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dielectric measurements
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Book Description
The amount and distribution of liquid water in a snow cover is important for assessing its mechanical strength, meltwater generation and meltwater transmission. It also has a profound effect on the performance of active and passive remote sensing systems operating in the microwave and millimeter wave regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. New methods of measuring liquid water have been reported that show considerable promise. This report describes tests of measurement equivalence, in which are compared the three absolute methods of freezing calorimetry, alcohol calorimetry and dilution. Also compared are a capacitance snow moisture meter and one of the absolute methods. All comparisons were made in a laboratory coldroom using homogeneous snow with a mass liquid water content that varied from 0 to 14%. The comparisons show that the methods are equivalent and that the experimental errors associated with the measurements are consistent with what is expected from an error analysis of each method. However, the operational achievement of equivalence depends strongly on a variety of factors such as sample size, mixing of snow and working fluid, and operator skill. Keywords: Alcohol calorimetry tests; Dielectric snow moisture meter; Dilution tests; Freezing calorimetry tests; Laboratory tests; Liquid water fraction; Meltwater; Remote sensing; Snow cover; Snow liquid water fraction; Snow measurement; Snowmelt; Wet snow. (EDC).
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Public Works
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Materials
Languages : en
Pages : 702
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Frozen ground
Languages : en
Pages : 250
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Book Description
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Public Works
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 652
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Book Description
Author: United States. Forest Service
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agricultural experiment stations
Languages : en
Pages : 296
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Book Description
Author: Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station (Fort Collins, Colo.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forests and forestry
Languages : en
Pages : 310
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Book Description
