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Author: Kurt S. Zänker
Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
ISBN: 3805582463
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 181
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Book Description
This book summarizes the current knowledge on how tumors interact with the nervous system and what impact this might have for the progression and treatment of cancer. It begins with an introduction to the organization and physiology of the nervous system, especially of the peripheral nervous system with its high degree of plasticity. Subsequent chapters discuss the interaction between peripheral nerves and tumor cells, the so-called neuro-neoplastic synapse, with regard to carcinogenesis, predictive tumor markers, tumor growth and tumor progression leading to metastasis. In this part, the concept of neoneurogenesis is postulated as a process by which the tumor regulates its own innervation through the release of neurotrophic factors, in analogy to the process of neoangiogenesis discovered three decades ago. Once nerve endings have grown into the tumor, these can release neurotransmitters which promote tumor cell migration and metastasis development. The final chapters reflect on the role of stem cells in neoneurogenesis and consider pharmacological approaches for the inhibition of neuro-neoplastic interactions as a basis for new anticancer therapies. Targeted primarily at investigators in experimental and clinical oncology, this book is also of special interest to neurobiologists as well as developmental and cell biologists.
Author: Kurt S. Zänker
Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
ISBN: 3805582463
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 181
Get Book Here
Book Description
This book summarizes the current knowledge on how tumors interact with the nervous system and what impact this might have for the progression and treatment of cancer. It begins with an introduction to the organization and physiology of the nervous system, especially of the peripheral nervous system with its high degree of plasticity. Subsequent chapters discuss the interaction between peripheral nerves and tumor cells, the so-called neuro-neoplastic synapse, with regard to carcinogenesis, predictive tumor markers, tumor growth and tumor progression leading to metastasis. In this part, the concept of neoneurogenesis is postulated as a process by which the tumor regulates its own innervation through the release of neurotrophic factors, in analogy to the process of neoangiogenesis discovered three decades ago. Once nerve endings have grown into the tumor, these can release neurotransmitters which promote tumor cell migration and metastasis development. The final chapters reflect on the role of stem cells in neoneurogenesis and consider pharmacological approaches for the inhibition of neuro-neoplastic interactions as a basis for new anticancer therapies. Targeted primarily at investigators in experimental and clinical oncology, this book is also of special interest to neurobiologists as well as developmental and cell biologists.
Author: Walter Hayle Walshe
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cancer
Languages : en
Pages : 624
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Book Description
Author: Moran Amit
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031324293
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 206
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Book Description
This volume is the first on the market to address and discuss the emerging field of cancer neuroscience. Edited by pioneers in the field with contributions from top researchers, the volume serves as a comprehensive overview of the role of nerves in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Chapters will address how the innervation of tumors can serve as both prognostic and predictive biomarkers as well as actionable therapeutic targets. Authors will describe current research efforts, and future directions for study and translation to the clinic. It is becoming increasingly apparent that certain treatments will need to consider interactions between the nervous system and cancer, and the novel concepts presented in the book address related accumulating evidence regarding therapeutic strategies. This unique volume will be useful for cancer researchers, neuroscientists, cancer biologists, oncologists, and others looking to gain a greater understanding of this emerging field.
Author: Claire Chabot
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
"Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most prevalent, metastatic pediatric brain tumor and has the highest mortality rate for childhood cancers. In Canada alone, the 25 - 50 children that are diagnosed with MB annually account for 15-25% of all pediatric brain tumours. This research focuses on the SHH MB subgroup which is prevalent in 30% of MB tumors. The cells of origin for SHH MB are cerebellar granule neuron precursors (cGNPs) in the external granule cell layer (EGL) on the surface of the cerebellum. During brain development, cGNPs migrate tangentially and actively proliferate in response to SHH, then migrate radially towards the internal granule cell layer (IGL) to differentiate. Our lab's previous work demonstrated that a glutamate gradient, originating from the differentiated cells of the IGL may be diffusing towards undifferentiated cGNPs to initiate membrane depolarization, cell cycle exit, and differentiation. We hypothesized that neural activity impairs oncogenic transformation of cerebral granule neuron precursors and is tumor suppressive in SHH MB. We began by characterising the effects of neurotransmitters such as Glutamate and Gaba on cGNPs from P7 mice. The addition of Glutamate and GABA to cGNP cultures demonstrated an anti-proliferative effect despite the presence of a Shh agonist (SAG). Following this, glutamate production in P7 cerebellar cultures in vitro was measured to delineate the effect of glutamate on differential neural activity at different times of postnatal mouse cerebellum development. The results displayed a significant increase in glutamate production by P15 and P21 while simultaneously displaying glutamate's presence in the post-natal brain as early as P5. Lastly, we measured spontaneous neural activity during development using RNA in-situ hybridization with c-fos and math1/atoh1 probes to understand whether that the in vivo glutamate gradient translates into increased neural activity. Early expression of the c-fos marker in undifferentiated cells demonstrated the presence of depolarising events in the EGL before synapses are formed in the IGL. Co-expression of math1 and c-fos in the int-EGL indicates the expression and manifestation of neural activity is an early event in differentiation in granule cells and the quantification of fluorescence using ImageJ compounded these results. Results from this thesis indicate that a glutamate gradient drives spontaneous neural activity in the cerebellum to counterbalance Shh induced proliferation and drive cell-cycle exit and differentiation"--
Author: Alecsandru Ioan Baba
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789732714577
Category : Electronic books
Languages : en
Pages : 787
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Book Description
Author: Anne Le
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 331977736X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 186
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Book Description
Genetic alterations in cancer, in addition to being the fundamental drivers of tumorigenesis, can give rise to a variety of metabolic adaptations that allow cancer cells to survive and proliferate in diverse tumor microenvironments. This metabolic flexibility is different from normal cellular metabolic processes and leads to heterogeneity in cancer metabolism within the same cancer type or even within the same tumor. In this book, we delve into the complexity and diversity of cancer metabolism, and highlight how understanding the heterogeneity of cancer metabolism is fundamental to the development of effective metabolism-based therapeutic strategies. Deciphering how cancer cells utilize various nutrient resources will enable clinicians and researchers to pair specific chemotherapeutic agents with patients who are most likely to respond with positive outcomes, allowing for more cost-effective and personalized cancer therapeutic strategies.
Author: Andrew Davies
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191575143
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 128
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Book Description
Cancer-related bone pain is experienced by patients with primary bone tumours such as myeloma and osteosarcoma, but is more commonly seen in patients with malignant tumours that have metastasised to bone. Bone pain is one of the most common and severe forms of pain associated with breast, prostate and lung cancer, yet little is known about the underlying mechanisms responsible for the pain. Cancer patients identify bone pain as the most disruptive cancer-related event in terms of their quality of life and daily functioning, and it is also associated with increased incidence of morbidity, depression, and anxiety. Part of the Oxford Pain Management Library, this volume summarises the latest evidence-based and practical information on the management of cancer-related bone pain. Chapters cover the pathophysiology and clinical features of bone pain, general principles of management and the use of opioids and other agents. It will be an invaluable reference for all health care professionals involved in the management of patients with bone pain from various disciplines including palliative care, anaesthetics, oncology and general practice.
Author: National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780309683494
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Since the late 1960s, the survival rate in children and adolescents diagnosed with cancer has steadily improved, with a corresponding decline in the cancer-specific death rate. Although the improvements in survival are encouraging, they have come at the cost of acute, chronic, and late adverse effects precipitated by the toxicities associated with the individual or combined use of different types of treatment (e.g., surgery, radiation, chemotherapy). In some cases, the impairments resulting from cancer and its treatment are severe enough to qualify a child for U.S. Social Security Administration disability benefits. At the request of Social Security Administration, Childhood Cancer and Functional Impacts Across the Care Continuum provides current information and findings and conclusions regarding the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of selected childhood cancers, including different types of malignant solid tumors, and the effect of those cancers on childrenâ (TM)s health and functional capacity, including the relative levels of functional limitation typically associated with the cancers and their treatment. This report also provides a summary of selected treatments currently being studied in clinical trials and identifies any limitations on the availability of these treatments, such as whether treatments are available only in certain geographic areas.
Author: Bharat B. Aggarwal
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3034808372
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 489
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Book Description
This volume examines in detail the role of chronic inflammatory processes in the development of several types of cancer. Leading experts describe the latest results of molecular and cellular research on infection, cancer-related inflammation and tumorigenesis. Further, the clinical significance of these findings in preventing cancer progression and approaches to treating the diseases are discussed. Individual chapters cover cancer of the lung, colon, breast, brain, head and neck, pancreas, prostate, bladder, kidney, liver, cervix and skin as well as gastric cancer, sarcoma, lymphoma, leukemia and multiple myeloma.
Author: Adekunle M. Adesina
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319334328
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 327
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Book Description
This text was created to fill a void in the practice of pediatric neuropathology. It is a practical and well-illustrated book representing a collection of interesting, common and unusual tumors for a diagnostic exercise by the reader. The wide reception of the first edition by the pathology community is testament to its relevance and utility in the pathologic diagnosis of pediatric brain tumors. This edition covers topics ranging from neuroimaging, the use of crush and touch preps during intraoperative consultation, classic histological features of pediatric brain tumors, tumor variants, and a miscellaneous group of challenging tumors. Chapters consist of essential diagnostic information and features highlighting recognized variants and their differential diagnoses. A section on molecular pathology and electron microscopy is also included for each tumor category, along with a list of classic reviews and innovative articles on each of the tumor entities as suggested reading at the end of each chapter. Atlas of Pediatric Brain Tumors, Second Edition represents the state of the art in pediatric neuropathology with easy utility beside the microscope.
