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Author: John Barton Furness
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 312
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Book Description
Author: John Barton Furness
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 312
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: David Grundy
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
ISBN: 1615043578
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 137
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Book Description
The gastrointestinal tract is a long, muscular tube responsible for the digestion of food, assimilation of nutrients and elimination of waste. This is achieved by secretion of digestive enzymes and absorption from the intestinal lumen, with different regions playing specific roles in the processing of specific nutrients. These regions come into play sequentially as ingested material is moved along the length of the GI tract by contractions of the muscle layers. In some regions like the oesophagus transit it rapid and measured in seconds while in others like the colon transit is measured in hours and even days, commensurate with the relative slow fermentation that takes place in the large bowel. An hierarchy of controls, neural and endocrine, serve to regulate the various cellular targets that exist in the gut wall. These include muscle cells for contraction and epithelial cells for secretion and absorption. However, there are complex interactions between these digestive mechanisms and other mechanisms that regulate blood flow, immune function, endocrine secretion and food intake. These ensure a fine balance between the ostensibly conflicting tasks of digestion and absorption and protection from potentially harmful ingested materials. They match assimilation of nutrients with hunger and satiety and they ensure that regions of the GI tract that are meters apart work together in a coordinated fashion to match these diverse functions to the digestive needs of the individual. This ebook will provide an overview of the neural mechanisms that control gastrointestinal function. Table of Contents: Neural Control of Gastrointestinal Function / Cells and Tissues / Enteric Nervous System / From Gut to CNS: Extrinsic Sensory Innervation / Sympathetic Innervation of the Gut / Parasympathetic Innervation of the Gut / Integration of Function / References
Author: Brian D. Gulbransen
Publisher: Biota Publishing
ISBN: 1615046615
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 72
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Book Description
The enteric nervous system (ENS) is a complex neural network embedded in the gut wall that orchestrates the reflex behaviors of the intestine. The ENS is often referred to as the “little brain” in the gut because the ENS is more similar in size, complexity and autonomy to the central nervous system (CNS) than other components of the autonomic nervous system. Like the brain, the ENS is composed of neurons that are surrounded by glial cells. Enteric glia are a unique type of peripheral glia that are similar to astrocytes of the CNS. Yet enteric glial cells also differ from astrocytes in many important ways. The roles of enteric glial cell populations in the gut are beginning to come to light and recent evidence implicates enteric glia in almost every aspect of gastrointestinal physiology and pathophysiology. However, elucidating the exact mechanisms by which enteric glia influence gastrointestinal physiology and identifying how those roles are altered during gastrointestinal pathophysiology remain areas of intense research. The purpose of this e-book is to provide an introduction to enteric glial cells and to act as a resource for ongoing studies on this fascinating population of glia. Table of Contents: Introduction / A Historical Perspective on Enteric Glia / Enteric Glia: The Astroglia of the Gut / Molecular Composition of Enteric Glia / Development of Enteric Glia / Functional Roles of Enteric Glia / Enteric Glia and Disease Processes in the Gut / Concluding Remarks / References / Author Biography
Author: Stuart Brierley
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319275925
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 236
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Book Description
Nearly 30 years ago, a number of scientists working on the Enteric Nervous System (ENS) gathered at Flinders University, in Adelaide, Australia to discuss the advances and future of their research. It was a friendly and stimulating meeting, attended by most of the major players, in what was to become the discipline of ‘Neurogastroenterology'. In 2014, the main Australasian Neuroscience Society meeting was held in Adelaide, Australia, providing the perfect opportunity to recreate a follow-up ENS meeting. As such, the ‘ENS II 2014 meeting’ aimed to identify how far the field of enteric neuroscience had developed, where the future was heading, and what technological advances had been made to address current and future unresolved questions. 30 speakers from around the world were invited to give talks and revisit the original expectations, the advances made since, and the future directions of ENS research. These discussions included three generations of investigators from 7 different countries. This publication represents the majority of proceedings from the ‘The Enteric Nervous System II 2014’ conference, which was held on February 1st - 2nd 2014 at the National Wine Centre of Australia, Adelaide. This meeting was an Official satellite meeting of the 34th Annual Meeting of Australasian Neuroscience Society, which was also held in Adelaide. The 20 contributions contained within this submission are from international researchers in the field of the ENS, who reviewed the advances made since the first meeting in the early 1980s and summarizes the present and future perspectives of neuro-gastroenterology. Some colleagues could not attend but did send greetings and their messages are included in these proceedings.
Author: Menizibeya Osain Welcome
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319910566
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1037
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Book Description
This book offers one of the most comprehensive reviews in the field of gastrointestinal (GI) physiology, guiding readers on a journey through the complete digestive tract, while also highlighting related organs and glandular systems. It is not solely limited to organ system physiology, and related disciplines like anatomy and histology, but also examines the molecular and cellular processes that keep the digestive system running. As such, the book provides extensive information on the molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, and system levels of functions in the GI system. Chapters on the roles of the gut as an endocrine, exocrine and neural organ, as well as its microbiome functions, broaden readers’ understanding of the multi-organ networks in the human body. To help illustrate the interconnections between the physiological concepts, principles and clinical presentations, it outlines clinical examples such as pathologies that link basic science with clinical practice in special “clinical correlates” sections. Covering both traditional and contemporary topics, it is a valuable resource for biomedical students, as well as healthcare and scientific professionals.
Author: Simon Brookes
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9781134454822
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 560
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Book Description
The long tube that makes up the gastrointestinal tract is composed of a variety of tissue types and is the largest internal organ of the body. Its main function is to digest food and absorb the released nutrients. Furthermore, it is subdivided into functionally distinct regions that each mediate one of a variety of actions upon the food consumed, including ingestion, propulsion, secretion, digestion, absorption and expulsion. Autonomic neuronal circuitry is intimately involved in controlling many of these multiple functions of the gut, making it an appealing subject for the study of neuroscientists. This book reviews the state of current knowledge on the innervation of the gut by the enteric nervous system, and its interface with the extrinsic innervation, from a number of different perspectives, with the aim of providing a comprehensive and accessible account of the subject.
Author: David Grundy
Publisher: Biota Publishing
ISBN: 1615043586
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 136
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Book Description
The gastrointestinal tract is a long, muscular tube responsible for the digestion of food, assimilation of nutrients and elimination of waste. This is achieved by secretion of digestive enzymes and absorption from the intestinal lumen, with different regions playing specific roles in the processing of specific nutrients. These regions come into play sequentially as ingested material is moved along the length of the GI tract by contractions of the muscle layers. In some regions like the oesophagus transit it rapid and measured in seconds while in others like the colon transit is measured in hours and even days, commensurate with the relative slow fermentation that takes place in the large bowel. An hierarchy of controls, neural and endocrine, serve to regulate the various cellular targets that exist in the gut wall. These include muscle cells for contraction and epithelial cells for secretion and absorption. However, there are complex interactions between these digestive mechanisms and other mechanisms that regulate blood flow, immune function, endocrine secretion and food intake. These ensure a fine balance between the ostensibly conflicting tasks of digestion and absorption and protection from potentially harmful ingested materials. They match assimilation of nutrients with hunger and satiety and they ensure that regions of the GI tract that are meters apart work together in a coordinated fashion to match these diverse functions to the digestive needs of the individual. This ebook will provide an overview of the neural mechanisms that control gastrointestinal function. Table of Contents: Neural Control of Gastrointestinal Function / Cells and Tissues / Enteric Nervous System / From Gut to CNS: Extrinsic Sensory Innervation / Sympathetic Innervation of the Gut / Parasympathetic Innervation of the Gut / Integration of Function / References
Author: Daniel K. Podolsky
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118512111
Category : Medical
Languages : de
Pages : 16819
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Book Description
Seit 20 Jahren ist Yamada's Textbook of Gastroenterology das umfassendste und weltweit anerkannte Lehrwerk für das Fachgebiet und vereint in Form einer Enzyklopädie die wissenschaftlichen Grundlagen von Magen-Darm- und Lebererkrankungen mit den neuesten klinischen Erkenntnissen, vor allem Entwicklungen in den Bereichen Diagnose und Therapie. Zu dem Herausgeberteam unter der Leitung von Tachi Yamada, einer der weltweit führenden Forscher des Fachgebiets, gehörten schon immer herausragende Namen. Gleiches gilt für die Autoren vieler Beiträge, die zu den Experten ihres Fachbereichs gehören. Mit dem neuen Chefherausgeber Dan Podolsky, Professor für Innere Medizin an dem Southwestern Medical Center der University of Texas, wurde die 6. Auflage dieses führenden Lehrbuchs aktualisiert und in vielerlei Hinsicht verbessert - Jetzt beim Kauf der Printversion mit kostenlosem Zugriff auf die digitale Ausgabe mit umfassenden Suchfunktionen. - Einheitliche Darstellung der einzelnen Themenabschnitte, unterteilt in wissenschaftliche Grundlagen, Krankheiten und deren Symptome, und damit eine Vereinheitlichung in Aufbau, Inhalt und Länge. - Neuer Abschnitt "Principles of Clinical Gastroenterology" mit Schwerpunkt auf klinische Aspekte. In 14 Kapiteln wird auf die jeweiligen Krankheitssymptome eingegangen. Ärzte können so ihre Patienten in der Klinik noch besser beurteilen und behandeln. - Wichtige Themen werden noch ausführlicher erläutert (autoimmune Pankreatitis, fäkale Biomarker, Genetik, chronisch-entzündliche Darmerkrankungen, systemische IgG4-assoziierte Erkrankungen, Morbus Crohn, Colitis ulcerosa und eosinophile Ösophagitis). - Podcasts international führender Experten zu aktuellen Themen. - Stärkerer Schwerpunkt auf klinische Studien/Versuchsreihen, evidenzbasierte Praxis, Richtlinien von Fachverbänden und Regierungsstellen. - Verweise auf Online-Referenzwerke, Hyperlinks zu Pubmed/CrossRef. Die wichtigsten Verweise sind weiterhin in der Printversion enthalten. - Noch internationaler und global: Neben den führenden Experten aus Nordamerika kommen renommierte Fachärzte aus Europa und Asien zu Wort. Yamada's Textbook of Gastroenterology ist das umfassende Standardwerk der Gastroenterologie. Die 6. Auflage orientiert sich noch stärker am Klinikalltag, ist aufgrund der Fülle an Informationen zu wissenschaftlichen Grundlagen nach wie vor Marktführer und gleichzeitig ein herausragendes Referenzwerk zum klinischen Management von Erkrankungen des Magen-Darm-Trakts. Jetzt noch besser: Kostenloser Online-Zugang zu allen Inhalten der Printausgabe mit weitreichenden Suchfunktionen. Genau das Richtige für Gastroenterologen, ob erfahrener Praktiker oder Berufsanfänger.
Author: Edward M. Stricker
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0306486431
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 588
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Book Description
Like previous handbooks, the present volume is an authoritative and up-to-date compendium of information and perspective on the neurobiology of ingestive behaviors. It is intended to be stimulating and informative to the practitioner, whether neophyte or senior scholar. It is also intended to be accessible to others who do not investigate the biological bases of food and ?uid ingestion, who may teach aspects of this material or simply wonder about the current state of the ?eld. To all readers, we present this handbook as a progress report, recognizing that the present state of the ?eld is much farther along than it was the last time a handbook was published, but mindful of the likelihood that it is not as far along as it will be when the next handbook is prepared. This ?eld has witnessed a spectacular accretion of scienti?c information since the ?rst handbook was published in 1967. During the generation of science between then and the publication of the second handbook in 1990, numerous scienti?c reports have substantially changed the perspective and informational base of the ?eld.
Author: Mark Lyte
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1493908979
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 440
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Book Description
The field of microbial endocrinology is expressly devoted to understanding the mechanisms by which the microbiota (bacteria within the microbiome) interact with the host (“us”). This interaction is a two-way street and the driving force that governs these interactions are the neuroendocrine products of both the host and the microbiota. Chapters include neuroendocrine hormone-induced changes in gene expression and microbial endocrinology and probiotics. This is the first in a series of books dedicated to understanding how bi-directional communication between host and bacteria represents the cutting edge of translational medical research, and hopefully identifies new ways to understand the mechanisms that determine health and disease.
