Neural Computation in Embodied Closed-Loop Systems for the Generation of Complex Behavior: From Biology to Technology PDF Download
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Author: Poramate Manoonpong
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889456056
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 278
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Book Description
How can neural and morphological computations be effectively combined and realized in embodied closed-loop systems (e.g., robots) such that they can become more like living creatures in their level of performance? Understanding this will lead to new technologies and a variety of applications. To tackle this research question, here, we bring together experts from different fields (including Biology, Computational Neuroscience, Robotics, and Artificial Intelligence) to share their recent findings and ideas and to update our research community. This eBook collects 17 cutting edge research articles, covering neural and morphological computations as well as the transfer of results to real world applications, like prosthesis and orthosis control and neuromorphic hardware implementation.
Author: Poramate Manoonpong
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889456056
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 278
Get Book Here
Book Description
How can neural and morphological computations be effectively combined and realized in embodied closed-loop systems (e.g., robots) such that they can become more like living creatures in their level of performance? Understanding this will lead to new technologies and a variety of applications. To tackle this research question, here, we bring together experts from different fields (including Biology, Computational Neuroscience, Robotics, and Artificial Intelligence) to share their recent findings and ideas and to update our research community. This eBook collects 17 cutting edge research articles, covering neural and morphological computations as well as the transfer of results to real world applications, like prosthesis and orthosis control and neuromorphic hardware implementation.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
How can neural and morphological computations be effectively combined and realized in embodied closed-loop systems (e.g., robots) such that they can become more like living creatures in their level of performance? Understanding this will lead to new technologies and a variety of applications. To tackle this research question, here, we bring together experts from different fields (including Biology, Computational Neuroscience, Robotics, and Artificial Intelligence) to share their recent findings and ideas and to update our research community. This eBook collects 17 cutting edge research articles, covering neural and morphological computations as well as the transfer of results to real world applications, like prosthesis and orthosis control and neuromorphic hardware implementation.
Author: Jan-Matthias Braun
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 288966340X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 165
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 64
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Book Description
The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists is the premier public resource on scientific and technological developments that impact global security. Founded by Manhattan Project Scientists, the Bulletin's iconic "Doomsday Clock" stimulates solutions for a safer world.
Author: Nareg Berberian
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Information processing systems (IPSs) that behave in the real-world are constantly bombarded with noise from the environment. Although the real-world offers noise for free, this extrinsic noise source has a cost associated to it. The problem is related to the fact that the environmental intricacies (i.e. noisy distribution) in which the IPS samples from is everchanging. Consequently, the IPS is faced with the conundrum of maintaining stability in a dynamic environment, while at the same time, remaining flexible so as to match its intrinsic timescales with the timescales of the environment. Here, we propose conjoining three ingredients for solving the timescale incompatibility issue between IPSs and the environment. First, we propose evolving IPSs in an online fashion such that the system operates on-thefly. Second, we propose the implementation of online operations in robotic hardware - a methodological tool for allowing the IPS to provide feedback during its interaction with the environment. Finally, we propose learning from brain mechanisms as a source of inspiration for building more flexible and adaptive IPSs. In chapter one, we initiate our first attempt towards achieving flexibility in these systems. To this end, we study the interaction between short-term plasticity (STP) and spike-timingdependent plasticity (STDP), two important plasticity rules we've learned from the brain. As such, we construct a microcircuit motif of two units, and show in simulation, how each unit can discriminate the position of a moving stimulus. In chapter two, we study synaptic plasticity in the context of an online robotic domain. To do so, we increase network size to six units, and endow the circuit with STP as a candidate mechanism for microcircuit sensitivity to inputs. Here, we study motion discrimination using a Raspberry Pi microcontroller as the information processing unit. We also use a stationary camera to process images from the real-world. Finally, we attach two LED light sensors for providing feedback of how the system is behaving. Results show that the agent is capable of discriminating the direction of a moving stimulus. In the final chapter of the thesis, we move away from the static online robotic implementation, towards a more dynamic setting. In doing so, we develop a keyboard listener for online mobile robot control. Here, the motor trajectory of the robot is directly linked to network activity of 500 units. Furthermore, the agent is placed in an ecological context where it interacts with a human subject. During human-robot interaction, the motor trajectory of the robot is studied, enabling the human to make inferences about how neural computation is unfolding on-the-fly. The robot illustrates useful properties, one of which is high degree of flexibility and adaptation to ongoing input streams. Overall, we conjoin the three ingredients mentioned above as a framework for solving the timescale incompatibility issue between IPSs and the environment.
Author: Robert Kozma
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0323958168
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 398
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Book Description
Artificial Intelligence in the Age of Neural Networks and Brain Computing, Second Edition demonstrates that present disruptive implications and applications of AI is a development of the unique attributes of neural networks, mainly machine learning, distributed architectures, massive parallel processing, black-box inference, intrinsic nonlinearity, and smart autonomous search engines. The book covers the major basic ideas of "brain-like computing" behind AI, provides a framework to deep learning, and launches novel and intriguing paradigms as possible future alternatives. The present success of AI-based commercial products proposed by top industry leaders, such as Google, IBM, Microsoft, Intel, and Amazon, can be interpreted using the perspective presented in this book by viewing the co-existence of a successful synergism among what is referred to as computational intelligence, natural intelligence, brain computing, and neural engineering. The new edition has been updated to include major new advances in the field, including many new chapters. Developed from the 30th anniversary of the International Neural Network Society (INNS) and the 2017 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN Authored by top experts, global field pioneers, and researchers working on cutting-edge applications in signal processing, speech recognition, games, adaptive control and decision-making Edited by high-level academics and researchers in intelligent systems and neural networks Includes all new chapters, including topics such as Frontiers in Recurrent Neural Network Research; Big Science, Team Science, Open Science for Neuroscience; A Model-Based Approach for Bridging Scales of Cortical Activity; A Cognitive Architecture for Object Recognition in Video; How Brain Architecture Leads to Abstract Thought; Deep Learning-Based Speech Separation and Advances in AI, Neural Networks
Author: Allen I. Selverston
Publisher: Springer
ISBN:
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 584
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Book Description
The most conspicuous function of the nervous system is to control animal behav ior. From the complex operations of learning and mentation to the molecular con figuration of ionic channels, the nervous system serves as the interface between an animal and its environment. To study and understand the fundamental mecha nisms underlying the control of behavior, it is often both necessary and desirable to employ biological systems with characteristics especially suitable for answering specific questions. In neurobiology, many invertebrates have become established as model systems for investigations at both the systems and the cellular level. Large, readily identifiable neurons have made invertebrates especially useful for cellular studies. The fact that these neurons occur in much smaller numbers than those in higher animals also makes them important for circuit analysis. Although important differences exist, some of the questions that would be tech nically impossible to answer with vertebrates can become experimentally tractable with invertebrates.
Author: Stephen Isaac Brink
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Artificial intelligence
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
The goal of neuromorphic engineering is to create electronic systems that model the behavior of biological neural systems. Neuromorphic systems can leverage a combination of analog and digital circuit design techniques to enable computational modeling, with orders of magnitude of reduction in size, weight, and power consumption compared to the traditional modeling approach based upon numerical integration. These benefits of neuromorphic modeling have the potential to facilitate neural modeling in resource-constrained research environments. Moreover, they will make it practical to use neural computation in the design of intelligent machines, including portable, battery-powered, and energy harvesting applications. Floating-gate transistor technology is a powerful tool for neuromorphic engineering because it allows dense implementation of synapses with nonvolatile storage of synaptic weights, cancellation of process mismatch, and reconfigurable system design. A novel neuromorphic hardware system, featuring compact and efficient channel-based model neurons and floating-gate transistor synapses, was developed. This system was used to model a variety of network topologies with up to 100 neurons. The networks were shown to possess computational capabilities such as spatio-temporal pattern generation and recognition, winner-take-all competition, bistable activity implementing a "volatile memory", and wavefront-based robotic path planning. Some canonical features of synaptic plasticity, such as potentiation of high frequency inputs and potentiation of correlated inputs in the presence of uncorrelated noise, were demonstrated. Preliminary results regarding formation of receptive fields were obtained. Several advances in enabling technologies, including methods for floating-gate transistor array programming, and the creation of a reconfigurable system for studying adaptation in floating-gate transistor circuits, were made.
Author: Rolf Pfeifer
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262288524
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 419
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Book Description
An exploration of embodied intelligence and its implications points toward a theory of intelligence in general; with case studies of intelligent systems in ubiquitous computing, business and management, human memory, and robotics. How could the body influence our thinking when it seems obvious that the brain controls the body? In How the Body Shapes the Way We Think, Rolf Pfeifer and Josh Bongard demonstrate that thought is not independent of the body but is tightly constrained, and at the same time enabled, by it. They argue that the kinds of thoughts we are capable of have their foundation in our embodiment—in our morphology and the material properties of our bodies. This crucial notion of embodiment underlies fundamental changes in the field of artificial intelligence over the past two decades, and Pfeifer and Bongard use the basic methodology of artificial intelligence—"understanding by building"—to describe their insights. If we understand how to design and build intelligent systems, they reason, we will better understand intelligence in general. In accessible, nontechnical language, and using many examples, they introduce the basic concepts by building on recent developments in robotics, biology, neuroscience, and psychology to outline a possible theory of intelligence. They illustrate applications of such a theory in ubiquitous computing, business and management, and the psychology of human memory. Embodied intelligence, as described by Pfeifer and Bongard, has important implications for our understanding of both natural and artificial intelligence.
Author: Andy Clark
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262260527
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 310
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Book Description
Brain, body, and world are united in a complex dance of circular causation and extended computational activity. In Being There, Andy Clark weaves these several threads into a pleasing whole and goes on to address foundational questions concerning the new tools and techniques needed to make sense of the emerging sciences of the embodied mind. Clark brings together ideas and techniques from robotics, neuroscience, infant psychology, and artificial intelligence. He addresses a broad range of adaptive behaviors, from cockroach locomotion to the role of linguistic artifacts in higher-level thought.
