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Author: Summer Institute of Linguistics
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 222
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Book Description
Author: Summer Institute of Linguistics
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 222
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Holger Diessel
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108498817
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 309
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Book Description
Provides a dynamic network model of grammar that explains how linguistic structure is shaped by language use.
Author:
Publisher: McDougal Littel
ISBN: 9780395967362
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 660
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Book Description
Grade 6.
Author: Harvey Abramson
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461236401
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 233
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Book Description
Logic grammars have found wide application both in natural language processing and in formal applications such as compiler writing. This book introduces the main concepts involving natural and formal language processing in logic programming, and discusses typical problems which the reader may encounter, proposing various methods for solving them. The basic material is presented in depth; advanced material, involving new logic grammar formalisms and applications, is presented with a view towards breadth. Major sections of the book include: grammars for formal language and linguistic research, writing a simple logic grammar, different types of logic grammars, applications, and logic grammars and concurrency. This book is intended for those interested in logic programming, artificial intelligence, computational linguistics, Fifth Generation computing, formal languages and compiling techniques. It may be read profitably by upper-level undergraduates, post-graduate students, and active researchers on the above-named areas. Some familiarity with Prolog and logic programming would be helpful; the authors, however, briefly describe Prolog and its relation to logic grammars. After reading Logic Grammars, the reader will be able to cope with the ever-increasing literature of this new and exciting field.
Author: Joseph Sifakis
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9783540521488
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 392
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Book Description
This volume contains the proceedings of a workshop held in Grenoble in June 1989. This was the first workshop entirely devoted to the verification of finite state systems. The workshop brought together researchers and practitioners interested in the development and use of methods, tools and theories for automatic verification of finite state systems. The goal at the workshop was to compare verification methods and tools to assist the applications designer. The papers in this volume review verification techniques for finite state systems and evaluate their relative advantages. The techniques considered cover various specification formalisms such as process algebras, automata and logics. Most of the papers focus on exploitation of existing results in three application areas: hardware design, communication protocols and real-time systems.
Author: Christine J. Howe
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351662589
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 323
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Book Description
Originally published in 1993, the starting place for this book is the notion, current in the literature for around 30 years at that time, that children could not learn their native language without substantial innate knowledge of its grammatical structure. It is argued that the notion is as problematic for contemporary theories of development as it was for theories of the past. Accepting this, the book attempts an in-depth study of the notions credibility. Central to the book’s argument is the conclusion that the innateness hypothesis runs into two major problems. Firstly, its proponents are too ready to treat children as embryonic linguists, concerned with the representation of sentences as an end in itself. A more realistic approach would be to regard children as communication engineers, storing sentences to optimize the production and retrieval of meaning. Secondly, even when the communication analogy is adopted, it is glibly assumed that the meanings children impute will be the ones adults intend. One of the book’s major contentions is that a careful reading of contemporary research suggests that the meanings may differ considerably. Identifying such problems, the book considers how development should proceed, given learning along communication lines and a more plausible analysis of meaning. It makes detailed predictions about what would be anticipated given no innate knowledge of grammar. Focusing on English but giving full acknowledgement to cross-linguistic research, it concludes that the predictions are consistent with both the known timescale of learning and the established facts about children’s knowledge. Thus the book aspires to a serious challenge to the innateness hypothesis via, as its final chapter will argue, a model which is much more reassuring to psychological theory.
Author: David Crystal
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1444356755
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 565
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Book Description
David Crystal's A Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics has long been the standard single-volume reference for its field. Now available in its sixth edition, it has been revised and updated to reflect the latest terms in the field. Includes in excess of 5,100 terms, grouped into over 3,000 entries Coverage reflects recommendations by a team of experts in phonetics, phonology, syntax, semantics, sociolinguistics and psycholinguistics, making it exceptionally comprehensive Incorporates new ideas stemming from the minimalist program Contains a separate table of abbreviations and table of symbols, along with an updated International Phonetic Alphabet Updates entries to reflect the way established terms are now perceived in light of changes in the field, providing a unique insight into the historical development of linguistics Remains the standard single-volume reference for the field of linguistics and phonetics.
Author: Leonard Bolc
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642821227
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 224
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Book Description
Augmented Transition Network Grammars are at present the most widely used method for analyzing natural languages. Despite the increasing po pularity of this method, however, no extensive papers on ATN-Grammars have been presented which would be accessible to a larger number of per sons engaged in the problem from both the theoretical and practical points of view. Augmented Transition Networks (ATN) are derived from state automata. Like a finite state automaton, an ATN consists of a collection of la beled states and arcs, a distinguished start state and a set of distin guished final states. States are connected with each other by arcs crea ting a directed graph or net. The label on an arc indicates a terminal symbol (word) or the type of words which must occur in an input stream to allow the transition to the next state. It is said that a sequence of words (or sentence) is accepted by such a net if there exists a se quence of arcs (usually called a path), connecting the start state with a final state, which can be followed to the sentence. The finite state automaton is then enriched by several facilities which increase its computational power. The most important of them permits some arcs to be labeled by nonterminal rather than terminal symbols. This means that the transition through such an arc is actually the re cursive application of the net beginning with a pointed state.
Author: David Pereplyotchik
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319600664
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 322
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Book Description
This volume examines two main questions: What is linguistics about? And how do the results of linguistic theorizing bear on inquiry in related fields, particularly in psychology? The book develops views that depart from received wisdom in both philosophy and linguistics. With regard to questions concerning the subject matter, methodological goals, and ontological commitments of formal syntactic theorizing, it argues that the cognitive conception adopted by most linguists and philosophers is not the only acceptable view, and that the arguments in its favor collapse under scrutiny. Nevertheless, as the book shows, a detailed examination of the relevant psycholinguistic results and computational models does support the claim that the theoretical constructs of formal linguistics are operative in real-time language comprehension. These constructs fall into two categories: mental phrase markers and mental syntactic principles. Both are indeed psychologically real, but in importantly different ways. The book concludes by drawing attention to the importance of the often-elided distinction between personal and subpersonal psychological states and processes, as well as the logical character of dispositional and occurrent states. By clarifying these concepts, particularly by reference to up-and-running psychological and computational models, the book yields a richer and more satisfying perspective on the psychological reality of language.
Author: Edmund M. Clarke, Jr.
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262349450
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 423
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Book Description
An expanded and updated edition of a comprehensive presentation of the theory and practice of model checking, a technology that automates the analysis of complex systems. Model checking is a verification technology that provides an algorithmic means of determining whether an abstract model—representing, for example, a hardware or software design—satisfies a formal specification expressed as a temporal logic formula. If the specification is not satisfied, the method identifies a counterexample execution that shows the source of the problem. Today, many major hardware and software companies use model checking in practice, for verification of VLSI circuits, communication protocols, software device drivers, real-time embedded systems, and security algorithms. This book offers a comprehensive presentation of the theory and practice of model checking, covering the foundations of the key algorithms in depth. The field of model checking has grown dramatically since the publication of the first edition in 1999, and this second edition reflects the advances in the field. Reorganized, expanded, and updated, the new edition retains the focus on the foundations of temporal logic model while offering new chapters that cover topics that did not exist in 1999: propositional satisfiability, SAT-based model checking, counterexample-guided abstraction refinement, and software model checking. The book serves as an introduction to the field suitable for classroom use and as an essential guide for researchers.
