Natural Collids in Groudwater from Granite and Their Potential Impact on Radionuclide Transport PDF Download
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Author: Peter Vilks
Publisher: Pinewa, Man. : Geochemistry Research Branch, Whiteshell Laboratories
ISBN: 9780660168913
Category : Colloids
Languages : en
Pages : 27
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Book Description
Author: Peter Vilks
Publisher: Pinewa, Man. : Geochemistry Research Branch, Whiteshell Laboratories
ISBN: 9780660168913
Category : Colloids
Languages : en
Pages : 27
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Book Description
Author: Michael F. L'Annunziata
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0123848733
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1420
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Book Description
Authoritative reference providing the principles, practical techniques, and procedures for the accurate measurement of radioactivity.
Author: Peter Vilks
Publisher: Pinewa, Man. : Whiteshell Laboratories
ISBN:
Category : Groundwater
Languages : en
Pages : 58
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Book Description
Presents a study of naturally occurring organics in groundwaters of the Whiteshell Research Area in Manitoba and of the Atikokan Research Area in Ontario to assess their potential role in radionuclide transport within granite fractures of the Canadian Shield. Attention is focused on the effect of organics on actinide mobility in groundwater, because actinides have isotopes with long half-lives that may pose a potential risk to man. Analytical techniques used include ultrafiltration and size fractionation, gas chromatography, mass spectroscopy, ultraviolet and visible absorbance spectroscopy, resin extraction, and carbon-14 age dating. Results presented include the observed dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations, the characteristics of the DOC with respect to complexation capacity, and discussion of the origin of DOC in deep groundwaters.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 17
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Book Description
Colloids may be important as a geochemical transport mechanism for radionuclides at geological repositories if they are (1) present in the groundwater, (2) stable with respect to both colloidal and chemical stabilities, (3) capable of adsorbing radionuclides, especially if the sorption is irreversible, and (4) mobile in the subsurface. The available evidence from natural analogue and other field studies relevant to these issues is reviewed, as is the potential role of mobile microorganisms ({open_quotes}biocolloids{close_quotes}) on radionuclide migration. Studies have demonstrated that colloids are ubiquitous in groundwater, although colloid concentrations in deep, geochemically stable systems may be too low to affect radionuclide transport. However, even low colloid populations cannot be dismissed as a potential concern because colloids appear to be stable, and many radionuclides that adsorb to colloids are not readily desorbed over long periods. Field studies offer somewhat equivocal evidence concerning colloid mobility and cannot prove or disprove the significance of colloid transport in the far-field environment. Additional research is needed at new sites to properly represent a repository far-field. Performance assessment would benefit from natural analogue studies to examine colloid behavior at sites encompassing a suite of probable groundwater chemistries and that mimic the types of formations selected for radioactive waste repositories.
Author: E A Ghabbour
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
ISBN: 1782424377
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 354
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Book Description
This volume uses a molecular approach to bring the reader up to date with research into the structure and properties of these unusual materials. Agricultural and environmental scientists will find its coverage of HS use for soil remediation and enhancement and in water purification as alternatives to conventional methods invaluable.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1186
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Book Description
Author: P. Reimus
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 1
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Book Description
In recent years, numerous laboratory and field experiments have been conducted to assess and parameterize colloid and colloid-facilitated radionuclide transport for the Yucca Mountain Project and the Nevada Test Site (NTS) Environmental Restoration Project. Radionuclide contamination of ground water currently exists within or near underground nuclear test cavities at the NTS, and the proposed Yucca Mountain high-level nuclear waste repository represents a potential future source of radionuclide contamination of ground water at the NTS. Furthermore, recent field observations have indicated that small amounts of Plutonium, which normally adsorbs very strongly to mineral surfaces in aquifers, can transport quite rapidly and over significant distances in ground water when associated with inorganic colloids (Kersting et al., 1999). Groundwater samples from all over the Nevada Test Site have been analyzed for colloid concentrations and size distributions, and it is clear that there are significant mass loadings of colloids in the ground water at some locations. These colloids represent mobile surface area for potentially transporting strongly-adsorbed radionuclides. Field transport experiments have involved the use of fluorescent-dyed carboxylate-modified latex (CML) microspheres in the 250- to 650-nm diameter size range as surrogates for natural colloids in forced-gradient tracer tests. These experiments have indicated that effective colloid filtration coefficients appear to decrease as time and length scales increase. They suggest that a small fraction of colloids may be able to transport significant distances in groundwater systems. Laboratory experiments have been conducted to determine radionuclide sorption and desorption parameters onto inorganic colloids present in the groundwater systems and also to determine transport parameters for inorganic colloids in both fractured and porous media present at the Nevada Test Site. More recent laboratory experiments have involved injecting inorganic colloids with radionuclides adsorbed onto them into fractured or porous media to determine the ability of the colloids to facilitate the transport of the radionuclides through the media. Recent experiments have also involved comparing the transport behavior of CML microspheres and inorganic colloids so that more defensible inferences about inorganic colloid transport can be made from CML microsphere transport observations in field tracer tests. All of this experimental information has been collectively used to develop a modeling framework for evaluating sensitivities of predicted colloid-facilitated radionuclide transport to various colloid-transport and radionuclide-colloid-interaction parameters. This modeling framework is helping to focus future experimental efforts on processes and parameters that have the greatest potential impact on colloid-facilitated radionuclide transport at the Nevada Test Site.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Power resources
Languages : en
Pages : 444
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Book Description
Author: G. Horanyi
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080474101
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 450
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Book Description
Radiotracer Studies of Interfaces presents a selection of examples illustrating the application of radiotracer studies for different types of interfaces. The value of radiotracer studies in fields such as food chemistry, corrosion of metals, neurochemistry, biology and catalysis is revealed. Separate chapters are devoted to the environmental problems connected with nuclear reactors and with the nuclear industry in general. The book also presents efforts to minimize and avoid the risk of radioactive contamination in the environment by describing new approaches to the problem. Demonstrates the use of radiotracers Contains a detailed discussion of double-layer phenomena Separate chapters are devoted to the most important branches of science where radiotracer study of interfacial phenomena plays an important role
Author: John McCarthy
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780873718288
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 412
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Book Description
This valuable resource discusses several strategies of manipulating colloids for environmental restoration, identifies advantages and disadvantages of each strategy, and considers obstacles limiting the application of each strategy. Approaches evaluated include the following: Chemical modification of subsurface systems to mobilize or deposit colloids in situ Altering the mobility of microorganisms to improve delivery of microbes for bioremediation Manipulating colloids or biocolloids (bacteria) to change aquifer permeability to either enhance bioremediation or create in situ barriers Introducing modified colloids, surfactants, and emulsions to control colloid mobility or to increase recovery of sorbed contaminants by pump and treat methods Manipulation of Groundwater Colloids for Environmental Restoration also contains short, focused research reports on specific studies relevant to the various approaches under consideration. Subjects covered range from mobility of organic macromolecules by controlled field injection experiments to new techniques that investigate surface chemistry and aggregation of inorganic colloids. Other topics discussed include the depositional behavior and transport of biocolloids in porous media, surfactants as modifiers of surface binding sites on colloids, and genetic engineering of microorganisms to serve as contaminant-scavenging biocolloids. Manipulation of Groundwater Colloids for Environmental Restoration is an excellent resource for research scientists in hydrology, chemistry, and microbiology; environmental consultants; regulators; environmental engineers; bioremediation microbiologists; and engineers.
